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Chapter 1: A paradoxical belonging -- Chapter 2: Literary discourse analysis and self-constituting discourses -- Chapter 3. Writers and authors -- Chapter 4: The paratopia of literary discourse -- Chapter 5: The impossible common language -- Chapter 6: Paratopia and paratopic potential -- Chapter 7: Paratopic shifters -- Chapter 8: Developing a creative paratopia -- Chapter 9: Male creation and femininity -- Chapter 10: Trouble in paratopia.

As recent years have revealed, the concept of »translation« has grown increasingly important in a globalizing world and a multi-media society. Seeing translation as the negotiation of differences in identity construction does not only contribute to the understanding of contemporary cultural processes - it also makes it possible to find orientation and critical insights in a world of constantly changing social, political and media spaces.This collection of essays discusses the »translational turn«, proposing new theoretical approaches and providing new insights into the relation between narration and identity construction, between translation processes and the media.

In recent years, increased interest in black studies in the U.S. has fostered an upswing in research in Afro-Latin American literature. The explicit focus of most studies, however, has been the works of Afro-Hispanics, while in most instances literature by Brazilians of African descent has been treated only marginally, if at all. This study delineates the factors which have caused literature by Afro-Brazilian authors to remain at the fringes of Afro-Latin American studies in the U.S. and presents an important corpus of literature written by Brazilians of African descent and published since 1960. The study of these works should not only ameliorate the general approach to Afro-Latin American literature current in the U.S. but should at the same time add a new dimension to the field of African diaspora studies as well.

For the past decades, public discourse on veils in Western societies has mainly focused on the Islamic veil. In the Western history of thought, however, veils have frequently been used as symbols in epistemological contexts, too, both in literary and in theoretical primary texts. Astonishingly, an overwhelming majority of secondary sources concerned with veils as epistemological symbols in Western culture continue to talk about "the veil" — as if there were only one. Indeed, veils have usually been used in similar epistemological contexts, albeit expressing completely different worldviews depending on the degree of transparency or opacity, the material structure, and — most important — the veils' position in relation to the subject. Consequently, "the veil" as such does not exist; there is rather a plurality of different types of veils, for example, the veil of Isis, the metaphysical veil, the discursive veil, the veil of perception, the psychological veil, or the veil between subjects, all of which contribute to an all-encompassing veil in the sense of a "world metaphor." Different literary texts from the corresponding periods in literary history use veils as epistemological metaphors, too, and thereby reflect the conception of reality dominant in the respective epoch.

AbstractThis paper updates observations made 25 years ago on more than 33 impediments, possibilities, and developments relative to the development of systems awareness. It briefly describes three new 'generations' of systems awareness that were only partly anticipated at that time, but spontaneously appeared since the original article. These three new 'movements' include "complex systems" research and tools from the hard sciences, systems science approaches in the descriptive sciences of geology and biology, and the computer simulation or systems engineering approaches of the new 'system of systems' (SOS) movement. Some trends in developments in systems education are cited. The article emphasizes the continuing need for stronger coupling of systems theories and systems applications as well as faster transfer from science to application. It ends with one sentence updates on each of the original 33 needs including information on how 4 have been substantially answered while 14 have shown only very limited progress, and 15 no progress at all. The paper also cites appearance of a significant new obstacle, namely incompatibility of systems modeling tools for hybrid system of systems problems. Overall, the conclusion is that this field devoted to synthesis and integration is actually becoming more fragmented and unintegrated while the information and tools for its eventual synthesis multiply in a healthy manner. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.