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Cultures are dynamic, shared mindsets that, in organizational settings, are usually believed to be nationally or organizationally based. In this paper, the existence of industry cultures is explored. Previous studies of industry-based cognitive constructs have narrowly focused on top managers' mental models for strategic decision making. Here, broad-based assumption sets comprising the cultural knowledge widely shared among organizational participants within two industries (fine arts museums and California wineries) are surfaced and compared. A cognitive definition of culture and a modified ethnographic methodology frame the inquiry. The research process balances the requirements of the inductive method with the logistics of doing research in settings as broad in scope as "industry" and into issues as amorphous as "culture in modern organizations." This process involves the selection and in-depth interviewing of 96 informants in 12 organizations, representing a cross-section of members of these two industries. The distinct assumption sets that surface for each industry demonstrate, among other things, substantial differences in conceptualizations of membership, competition, the origins of "truth," the purpose of work, and the nature of work relationships. The findings suggest that the current narrow focus in research on industry-based cognitive constructs can be productively broadened to include a fuller range of cultural elements and a wider set of industry participants. The surfacing of distinct industry mindsets reinforces the emerging belief that a multiplicity of dynamic, shared mindsets exist within an organization's environment. A new cognitive lens—that of industry—is offered, through which scholars and managers alike can view behavior in organizational settings.

Cover -- Half Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Foreword -- Introduction -- 1 The new paradigms -- 1.1 The new paradigms of consumption and information -- 1.2 The neo-consumer in fashion -- Copenhagen Fashion Summit 2014 -- References and further reading -- 2 The new value proposition: from the logic of profit to shared value -- 2.1 The 3P relation model: this is where it all started -- 2.2 Brief excursus on CSR (1950-90) -- 2.3 The concept of sustainability adopted by institutions and the development of CSR -- The Dow Jones Sustainability Indexes -- 2.4 From shareholder value to shared value -- 2.5 Documenting sustainability: sustainability reporting and codes of ethics -- Code of conduct for Monnalisa suppliers -- 2.6 CSR in the fashion world and dimensions of responsibility -- 2.7 A new model of responsibility in fashion -- 2.8 'Food for thought': a comparison of responsibilities in the T&A and food sectors -- Slow Food and Terra Madre for a good, clean and fair food -- illycaffè: differentiation and responsibility in the value chain -- References and further reading -- 3 Fashion and the environment -- 3.1 The relationship between fashion and the environment -- Advantages and disadvantages of hemp -- The advantages of vegetable dyeing -- Vintage, second hand, upcycling -- 3.2 From vicious circle to virtuous circle -- 3.3 Actions to reduce environmental impact along the value chain -- 3.4 Best practice in fashion -- 3.5 Towards 'cradle-to-cradle' -- References and further reading -- 4 Fashion and society -- 4.1 The relationship between fashion and society -- 4.2 The United Nations Protect, Respect and Remedy framework -- From public scandals to social responsibility: Nike -- 4.3 Freedom of association and collective bargaining -- Levi Strauss & Co -- 4.4 Forced labour and child labour

The importance of successful interprofessional collaboration for effective patient care is generally acknowledged. Research into interprofessional collaboration has thus far been mainly situated in the civilian context and has mostly indicated barriers that prevent successful interprofessional collaboration. However, military interprofessional healthcare teams (MIHTs) seem to be exceptionally successful. Building on the overarching finding of the studies within this special edition-i.e., that MIHTs' readiness and excellence are in part due to healthcare professionals' "shared understanding" of what is needed to effectively serve on an MIHT-this commentary uses the theory of Landscape of Practice as a lens to further explain the processes through which healthcare professionals attain this shared understanding. Used within the fields of Health Professions Education and workplace learning, Landscapes of Practice (LoP) helps to explain how learning occurs within practice. It highlights how, by engaging within the various working environments belonging to a profession, social interactions between the various professionals within that environment form the conduit for learning. LoP highlights that the outcome of this learning process is "knowledgeability," i.e., understanding of how to engage within the field and with its players, resulting in being an acknowledged member of the field. Fostered through a process called "identification," professionals learn to see how their professional practice aligns with that of others and how to effectively collaborate with others. The commentary explains how the findings of the separate studies within this special edition strongly resonate with knowledgeability and identification. It is concluded that civilian interprofessional healthcare teams may benefit from incorporating characteristics of MIHTs in their training programs.

The importance of successful interprofessional collaboration for effective patient care is generally acknowledged. Research into interprofessional collaboration has thus far been mainly situated in the civilian context and has mostly indicated barriers that prevent successful interprofessional collaboration. However, military interprofessional healthcare teams (MIHTs) seem to be exceptionally successful. Building on the overarching finding of the studies within this special edition—i.e., that MIHTs' readiness and excellence are in part due to healthcare professionals' "shared understanding" of what is needed to effectively serve on an MIHT—this commentary uses the theory of Landscape of Practice as a lens to further explain the processes through which healthcare professionals attain this shared understanding. Used within the fields of Health Professions Education and workplace learning, Landscapes of Practice (LoP) helps to explain how learning occurs within practice. It highlights how, by engaging within the various working environments belonging to a profession, social interactions between the various professionals within that environment form the conduit for learning. LoP highlights that the outcome of this learning process is "knowledgeability," i.e., understanding of how to engage within the field and with its players, resulting in being an acknowledged member of the field. Fostered through a process called "identification," professionals learn to see how their professional practice aligns with that of others and how to effectively collaborate with others. The commentary explains how the findings of the separate studies within this special edition strongly resonate with knowledgeability and identification. It is concluded that civilian interprofessional healthcare teams may benefit from incorporating characteristics of MIHTs in their training programs.

This article describes an international classroom partnership with twenty-eight 5-to 7-year-old Canadian and Tanzanian children, and outlines the meaningful ways they were involved in the research process. In this project, the children shared their valued school-based experiences and environments through multiple self-chosen modes. The children's arts-based multimodal texts, descriptions of their valued school experiences and environments, and their personal biographies were then shared at a 2-week exhibit at a national art gallery in Canada. The findings across both data sets revealed the children's interest in spending time outdoors in their local contexts, engaging in collaborative and imaginative play. This project also addresses the importance of providing a space for children to share their perspectives, which aligns with Article 12 of the UN Convention on the Rights of Child. Article 12 addresses the importance of children having a right to have a voice and to have their opinions heard in matters that affect them. Article 13 is also highlighted in this project and outlines children's right to freedom of expression. This right includes the freedom 'to seek, receive, and impart information and ideas of all kinds, regardless of frontiers, either orally, in writing or in print, in the form of art, or through any other media of the child's choice'. In this project, the Canadian and Tanzanian children's multimodal texts of their valued school-based experiences revealed more similarities than differences in relation to what learning experiences mattered to them at school. During this project, the children in both contexts became interested and invested in their international peers' lives and school-based experiences, and felt a sense of connectedness and kinship across the globe.

Zambia has successfully raised its average annual gross domestic product (GDP) growth rate since the early 2000s. Between 2004 and 2014, it averaged 7.4 percent per year. This success was driven by an improvement in the macroeconomic indicators (relative to the 1980s and 1990s), debt relief, heavy investment in the social sectors (by the government and cooperating partners), and a large increase in mining and agricultural production since 2004. This success raised average p Rapid urbanization has been accompanied by a decrease in urban poverty incidence, but masks sluggish growth in small towns and cities. After a decade of de-urbanization in the 1990s, urbanization has been an important driver of change over the past 15 years. However, from 2000 to 2014, urban growth in Zambia has been significantly more focused on the capital city than the average for Sub-Saharan Africa. The annual population growth of Lusaka is over twice the average for Sub-Saharan Africa (1 percent). In contrast, the share of secondary towns in Zambia is growing more slowly than in the rest of Africa (by only 0.7 percent in Zambia compared with 1.8 percent elsewhere). These disparities may exacerbate uneven territorial development, as small towns and cities play a crucial role in strengthening the links among firms; between firms and consumers; and within local, provincial, national, and international supply chains. er capita incomes after decades of economic volatility since the country's independence in 1964. The current development model being pursued has imposed environmental and resource liabilities. Agricultural growth has been based on increasing land use rather than improved productivity, leading to rapid deforestation. Mining activities have resulted in pollution, and Zambia also faces high and growing climate change impacts. Copper price volatility also continues to challenge macroeconomic and fiscal management. Debt levels have soared to risky levels only 12 years after the Heavily Indebted Poor Country (HIPC) and the Multilateral Debt Relief Initiative (MDRI) programs provided US$6.5 billion of debt relief from 2005.

Acknowledgements This research was funded by the UK Natural Environment, Economic and Social, and Arts and Humanities Research Councils, the Department for the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, and the Welsh Government as part of the Shared, Plural and Cultural Values work package of the UK National Ecosystem Assessment follow-on-phase (www.lwec.org.uk/sharedvalues). Additional funding was provided by the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation through the Marine Conservation Society. Many thanks to Althea Davies (University of Aberdeen, currently University of St. Andrews), Ros Bryce (University of Aberdeen, currently University of the Highlands and Islands), Mike Christie (Aberystwyth University), Mandy Ryan (University of Aberdeen), Susan Ranger, Jean-Luc Solandt and Calum Duncan (Marine Conservation Society), Sophie Rolls and Rebecca Clark (Natural England), Mansi Konar (Defra) and Kerry Turner (University of East Anglia) for advising on the research design, and Alison Dando (British Sub-Aqua Club) and David Mitchell (Angling Trust) for their indispensable help with mobilising respondents. We are also grateful to the participants of our online survey and focus groups for their time and effort. ; Peer reviewed ; Publisher PDF

This paper examines the deployment of a shared CO2 transportation infrastructure needed to support the combined emergence of Bio-energy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS) and Fossil energy with Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS). We develop a cooperative game-theoretic approach to: (i) examine the conditions needed for its construction to be decided, and (ii) determine the break-even CO2 value needed to build such a shared infrastructure. In particular, we highlight that, as biogenic emissions are overlooked in currently-implemented carbon accounting frameworks, BECCS and CCS emitters face asymmetric conditions for joining a shared infrastructure. We thus further examine the influence of these carbon accounting considerations by assessing and comparing the break-even CO2 values obtained under alternative accounting rules. We apply this modeling framework to a large contemporary BECCS/CCS case-study in Sweden. Our results indicate that sustainable and incentive-compatible cooperation schemes can be implemented if the value of CO2 is high enough and show how that value varies depending on the carbon accounting framework retained for negative emissions and the nature of the infrastructure operators. In the most advantageous scenario, the CO2 value needs to reach 112€/tCO2, while the current Swedish carbon tax amounts to 110€/tCO2. Overall, these findings position pragmatic policy recommendations for local BECCS deployment.

This paper examines the deployment of a shared CO2 transportation infrastructure needed to support the combined emergence of Bio-energy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS) and Fossil energy with Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS). We develop a cooperative game-theoretic approach to: (i) examine the conditions needed for its construction to be decided, and (ii) determine the break-even CO2 value needed to build such a shared infrastructure. In particular, we highlight that, as biogenic emissions are overlooked in currently-implemented carbon accounting frameworks, BECCS and CCS emitters face asymmetric conditions for joining a shared infrastructure. We thus further examine the influence of these carbon accounting considerations by assessing and comparing the break-even CO2 values obtained under alternative accounting rules. We apply this modeling framework to a large contemporary BECCS/CCS case-study in Sweden. Our results indicate that sustainable and incentive-compatible cooperation schemes can be implemented if the value of CO2 is high enough and show how that value varies depending on the carbon accounting framework retained for negative emissions and the nature of the infrastructure operators. In the most advantageous scenario, the CO2 value needs to reach 112€/tCO2, while the current Swedish carbon tax amounts to 110€/tCO2. Overall, these findings position pragmatic policy recommendations for local BECCS deployment.

This paper examines the deployment of a shared CO2 transportation infrastructure needed to support the combined emergence of Bio-energy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS) and Fossil energy with Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS). We develop a cooperative game-theoretic approach to: (i) examine the conditions needed for its construction to be decided, and (ii) determine the break-even CO2 value needed to build such a shared infrastructure. In particular, we highlight that, as biogenic emissions are overlooked in currently-implemented carbon accounting frameworks, BECCS and CCS emitters face asymmetric conditions for joining a shared infrastructure. We thus further examine the influence of these carbon accounting considerations by assessing and comparing the break-even CO2 values obtained under alternative accounting rules. We apply this modeling framework to a large contemporary BECCS/CCS case-study in Sweden. Our results indicate that sustainable and incentive-compatible cooperation schemes can be implemented if the value of CO2 is high enough and show how that value varies depending on the carbon accounting framework retained for negative emissions and the nature of the infrastructure operators. In the most advantageous scenario, the CO2 value needs to reach 112€/tCO2, while the current Swedish carbon tax amounts to 110€/tCO2. Overall, these findings position pragmatic policy recommendations for local BECCS deployment.

Abstract
The primary objective of the research is to determine the influences of B2B relationship quality and opportunism on firm performance. This study takes a general perspective of business organisations by examining the hypothesised relationships in the context of B2B's in the industrial business environment. The research employs a cross-sectional design whereby quantitative data is collected by means of an online survey. Using non-probability, judgmental and snowball sampling technique, a sample size of 98 employees from the industrial business environment within Malaysia was collected. The gathered data was analysed using statistical software Smart -PLS. The research yields several interesting findings on the association between B2B relationship quality and firm performance in the industrial business environment within Malaysia. Findings also unfolded that the quality of a relationship between businesses is able to influence firm performance and opportunism. Opportunism on the other hand was not found to have any influence on Firm Performance. The results of the study implied that the quality of the relationship between businesses that is built upon trust, commitment, satisfaction and information sharing are important in business relationships. A high-quality relationship that is shared among suppliers and customers is able to predict better firm performance and inhibit the negative effect of opportunism.

Contemporary societies risk inequality, disintegration and segregation due to a complex array of social, economic and political changes that have been occurring over the last few decades. These changes include the loss of shared values, changes in how individuals interact and get together, and new practices relating to participation and decision-making. In parallel to the evolution of contemporary societies, a complex array of changes are transforming the physical environment where these societies live and work. These changes are affecting especially the disciplines that plan, design and transform the physical environment. New processes of transformation, new ways of interaction, new types of projects and new professional roles are deeply transforming the working environment of architectural disciplines. While these changes offer new opportunities for innovation, they also threaten to generate division in diverse and complex societies. Within this context, universities have the opportunity to expand their social responsibility by affirming that teaching and research can contribute to redressing social inequality, disintegration and segregation. This can be achieved through action, exploring new ways of relating universities to their social context by working with real projects and real people, establishing links between academia and practice.

Contemporary societies risk inequality, disintegration and segregation due to a complex array of social, economic and political changes that have been occurring over the last few decades. These changes include the loss of shared values, changes in how individuals interact and get together, and new practices relating to participation and decision-making. In parallel to the evolution of contemporary societies, a complex array of changes are transforming the physical environment where these societies live and work. These changes are affecting especially the disciplines that plan, design and transform the physical environment. New processes of transformation, new ways of interaction, new types of projects and new professional roles are deeply transforming the working environment of architectural disciplines. While these changes offer new opportunities for innovation, they also threaten to generate division in diverse and complex societies. Within this context, universities have the opportunity to expand their social responsibility by affirming that teaching and research can contribute to redressing social inequality, disintegration and segregation. This can be achieved through action, exploring new ways of relating universities to their social context by working with real projects and real people, establishing links between academia and practice.

Does the type of map we use affect how we engage with a place in situ? This paper describes a creative activity that aimed to explore how the use of different topographic maps affects our engagement with an urban environment. Three groups of participants explored the neighbourhood surrounding the Gelman Library at George Washington University, each using an extract from a different map (all with street-level detail of the area) as a guide: (1) a contemporary selection from OpenStreetMap; (2) a United States Geological Survey (USGS) map from 1965; and (3) a Soviet military plan from 1975. The 32 participants recorded their experiences by taking photographs and uploading them to a shared online bulletin board (Padlet). After gaining feedback via group discussion, the resulting 108 images were classified, interpreted and mapped. The findings indicate that the groups' engagement with their environment varied with the specific map used, and was possibly influenced by their interpretation of its function, although differences in individual perceptions and responses were more pronounced than between-map differences. The activity provides a starting point for understanding the role topographic maps play in the relationship between emotions and environment and offers some avenues for further research.

Philip E. Converse has proposed that party identification is intensified through a process of reinforcement, ie, repeated voting in accord with that identification; it follows that party identification increases in intensity as individuals age. Others have proposed that voters' partisan strength is a function of the character of the political environment in their youth, ie, that a highly charged political environment leads to intensified partisanship. These two hypotheses imply the same cross-sectional patterns in current survey data. Cohort analyses falter on the identification problem. Therefore, other implications must be examined. Most females born before 1899 have had fewer opportunities to reinforce a party tie through voting experience than males of similar age. Thus if Converse is correct, the partisan strength of males born before 1899 should exceed that of females of the same age. However, since these males & females shared the same political environment, if Converse's critics are correct, their partisan intensity should be equal. On the bases of survey data from the 1952-1964 period, these implications were tested; only marginal differences were found between males & females born before 1899. These results are supportive of a generational explanation of partisan strength. 2 Tables, Modified AA.