Suchergebnisse

PART I: SETTING THE CONTEXT -- 1. Art Crime: Exposing a Panoply of Theft, Fraud and Plunder; Duncan Chappell and Saskia Hufnagel -- 2. One Looter, Two Looters, Three Looters… The Discipline of Cultural Heritage Crime within Criminology and its Inherent Measurement Problems; Marc Balcells -- 3. Art Crime Literature: A General Overview; Vicki Oliveri -- 4. The Antiquities Licit-Illicit Interface; Blythe Bowman -- 5. INTERPOL and International Trends and Developments in The Fight Against Cultural Property Crime; Saskia Hufnagel -- PART II: ART THEFT -- 6. Art Theft: An Examination of its Various Forms; Duncan Chappell and Kenneth Polk -- 7. Unsolved Art Thefts; Vicki Oliveri -- 8. "Purely Bent on Mischief": Theft From Australian Museums 1870s-1950s; Maryanne Mccubbin -- 9. Protecting Works of Art From Theft; Declan Garrett -- 10. Regional Overviews of The Policing of Art Crime in The European Union; Naomi Oosterman -- 11. Recovering Stolen Art Works: A Practical Approach; James Ratcliffe -- 12. Insurance Challenges and Art Crime; Dorit Straus -- 13. Statutes of Limitation and Other Legal Challenges to The Recovery of Stolen Art; Patty Gerstenblith -- PART III: ART FRAUD AND FORGERY -- 14. Profiling Art Forgers; Noah Charney -- 15. Examining Art Fraud; Kenneth Polk and Duncan Chappell -- 16. Case Study 1. Beltracchi and The History of Art Fraud in Germany; Saskia Hufnagel -- 17. Case Study 2. The Knoedler Art Forgery Network; Derek Fincham -- 18. Case Study 3. A Perspective from The Fakery Frontline: An Interview with an Art Forger; Duncan Chappell and Saskia Hufnagel -- 19. Unmasking Art Forgery: Scientific Approaches; Robyn Sloggett -- PART IV: ART PLUNDER -- 20. Plunder and Looting: Some Historical Reminders; Valerie Higgins -- 21. The Criminal Organization of The Transnational Trade in Cultural Objects: Two Case Studies; Neil Brodie -- 22. The Kapoor Case Including The Stolen Shiva; Michaela Boland -- 23. Cultural Heritage Offences in Latin America: Textile Traffickers, Mummy Mailers, Silver Smugglers, and Virgin Vandals; Donna Yates -- 24. Cultural Heritage Offences: A View From Asia; Stefan Gruber -- 25. Bones of Contention: The Online Trade in Archaeological, Ethnographic, and Anatomical Human Remains on Social Media; Damien Huffer, Duncan Chappell, Nathan Charlton and Brian Spatola -- 26. Forging Antiquities: The Case of Papyrus Fakes; Malcolm Choat -- 27. Case Study 4. The Gurlitt Collection And Nazi Looted Art; Saskia Hufnagel And Duncan Chappell -- 28. Blue Shield Protection of Cultural Property: A Perspective From The Field; Laurie Rush -- 29. Iconoclasm – Religious and Political Motivations For Destroying Art; Sam Hardy -- 30. Iconoclasm and Cultural Heritage Destruction During Contemporary Armed Conflicts; Joris D Kila -- 31. Protecting and Preserving Underwater Cultural Heritage in Southeast Asia; Natali Pearson -- 32. The Development of The Heritage Crime Programme in England; Mark Harrison, Mark Dunkley and Alison James -- 33. The International Politics of Cultural Heritage Crime in Cambodia: Past, Present and Future; Tess Davis and Simon Mckenzie -- 34. Preventing Illicit Trafficking of Cultural Objects: A Supply Chain Perspective; Maryia Polner -- PART V: SOME ETHICAL AND ALLIED CHALLENGES -- 35. The Return of Looted Objects to Their Countries of Origin: The Case For Change; David Gill -- 36. Illicit Antiquities in American Museums: Diversity in Ethical Standards; Christos Tsirogiannis -- 37. White-Collar Crime, Organised Crime and The Challenges of Doing Research on Art Crime; Simon Mckenzie -- 38. In Vacuums of Law We Find: Outsider Poiesis in Street Art And Graffiti; Lucy Finchett-Maddock -- 39. Taking Culture and The Balancing Act of Power; John Kerr

"Post-war expansion of the welfare state is one of the most central changes in Norwegian society
today and is often a topic in public debate. When certain conceptions about the welfare state
are developed and they are no longer based on systematic analyses but rather ideas and attitudes,
they can turn into myths. However, to be termed myths requires documentation, and
here social research plays an important role. This book rejects and elaborates central myths in
the public debate about the welfare state. The book is structured as an anthology, written by six
welfare sociologists at the University of Bergen. The first article introduces the history of The
Myth of the Welfare State, a book published by Pax in 1970, then revised a few years later, and
with a follow-up version in 1995, 25 years after that. The book became a flaming light within
the social policy debate, because it criticized the welfare state for not solving the problem of
poverty. Although this problem, relatively seen, is reduced, the following five articles show
that, within the framework of the welfare state, there is room for new important critical discussions.
One myth focuses on the idea that a combination of a comprehensive state and an active
civil society with much voluntary work is not possible. Another concerns the idea that welfare
results in dependency. A third is about the "Elder Boom". A fourth concerns single mothers
and assumes that these unlawfully try to get access to welfare. And finally, the last discusses
the ideas that crime should result in punishment and "prison pain". Together, the articles are a
contribution to make the debate about the welfare state richer and more dynamic." - "Utbyggingen av velferdsstaten i etterkrigstiden hører til en av de mest sentrale endringer i
det norske samfunn, og er ofte et tema i den offentlige debatt. Når bestemte forestillinger om
velferdsstaten utvikles og de ikke lenger bygger på systematiske analyser, men på ideer og
holdninger, kan de bli til myter. At det er snakk om myter, må imidlertid dokumenteres, og her
spiller samfunnsforskningen en viktig rolle. Denne boken tilbakeviser og nyanserer sentrale
myter i den offentlige debatt om velferdsstaten. Boken er bygget opp som en antologi, skrevet
av seks velferdssosiologer fra Universitetet i Bergen. Den første artikkelen gir en innføring
i historien om Myten om velferdsstaten, en bok utgitt av Pax i 1970, siden revidert noen år
etter og med en oppfølger i 1995, 25 år etter. Boken ble en brannfakkel i den sosialpolitiske
debatt, fordi den kritiserte velferdsstaten for ikke å håndtere fattigdomsproblemet. Selv om
dette problemet, relativt sett, er redusert, utgjør de etterfølgende artiklene om fem aktuelle
velferdsmyter en argumentasjon for, at det, innenfor velferdsstatens rammer, er rom for nye
viktige kritiske diskusjoner. Én myte handler om at en sterk stat ikke kan forenes med et aktivt
samfunn med stor grad av frivillighet. En annen handler om at velferd skaper avhengighet. En
tredje handler om eldrebølgen. En fjerde handler om at alenemødre antas å lure til seg velferd.
Og endelig handler en siste myte om at kriminalitet må møtes med straff og 'fengselspine'.
Artiklene er samlet sett et bidrag til å gjøre debatten om velferdsstaten rikere og mer dynamisk."

emple. And only because temple architecture – as well as paintings, statues, gardens etc. – shows the presence of the Buddha in this way does it become a religious place where the Buddha is actually present. The final discussion of this study puts these Buddhist teachings in a dialogue with modern aesthetic architectural concepts argued by temple architects. The contrasting points of view make it clear that the explicitly Buddhist idea of Buddhist temple architecture can not be grasped by aesthetics, because its purpose is to show the invisible presence of the Buddha and not to be a sensual (i.e. aesthetic) experience of the visible object itself in the first place. However, aesthetic concepts of art have become common in Japan since the late 19th century. They are the foundation of the described new ways in which temples were built and designed since then. One indication for the impact of aesthetics are Japanese words like shimboru シンボル/shōchō 象徴 (symbol) or fun'iki 雰囲気 (atmosphere) which are used by architects to describe their temple architecture and matters of design. These words were formed around the turn of the century to express European concepts of art and aesthetics, since before that these words and ideas simply did not exist in Japan. And it is only since then, that temples were perceived as aesthetic symbols with various meanings that can be defined by an architect, and that they have a certain atmosphere which should be designed for making visitors feeling comfortable. Now it is the architect himself who gives meaning to its work and who is responsible for a nice spatial experience. But none of these architects is talking about himself becoming Buddha by building a temple.
So not only the architectural appearance and construction of Buddhist temples have changed enormously throughout the last 150 years, but also the task of building itself. There has always been change in appearance and construction throughout the history of Buddhism and in the different Buddhist cultures, but the redefinition of the temple as an architectural piece of art is a very recent development in Japan and the actual new idea causing these dramatic architectural changes.
" - "Viele buddhistische Tempelbauten in Japan sind heute aus Beton. Sie haben Glasfenster, Teppichböden und elektrisches Licht. Manche sehen aus wie gewöhnliche Wohnhäuser, andere imitieren das Erscheinungsbild traditioneller Bauweisen, wieder andere sind von Star-Architekten geplant. Alle diese Bauten zeigen, dass die alte und einst durch die buddhistische Religion formulierte Aufgabe, einen Tempel zu bauen, in den letzten 150 Jahren in unterschiedlicher Weise neu interpretiert wurde. Gründe dafür sind die japanische Auseinandersetzung mit westlichen Ideen von Kunst, Architektur, Religion und Ästhetik ab dem späten 19. Jahrhundert, die darauf rückführbare Annahme, Tempelbau sei eine Aufgabe für kunstschaffende Architekten, sowie das Bedürfnis, den Ansprüchen der Gegenwart neu zu begegnen. All das führte dazu, dass Jahrhunderte alte liturgische Ideen des Tempelbaus, die in buddhistischen Traditionstexten mit ritueller Wichtigkeit festgehalten sind, ihre Bedeutung zugunsten eines neuen ästhetischen Kunstdenkens eingebüßt haben. Ordnungen und Darstellungen zum Beispiel von maṇḍalas oder Buddhaländern, die fuür den Tempelbau formgebend und sinnstiftend sind, werden in einem künstlerischen Denken von Raumerlebnis und Baustil zu blassen ästhetischen Gestaltungselementen. Diese Studie zeigt zum einen anhand vieler Beispiele die angesprochene jüngere bauliche Entwicklung im Tempelbau auf und legt dabei einen Schwerpunkt auf die Frage nach dem spezifisch Religiösen der neuen Baugestalt. Zum anderen geht sie gleichzeitig der Frage nach, was seitens der buddhistischen Religion als Aufgabe für den Tempel überhaupt formuliert ist, was dies für den Tempelbau bedeutet und wo neben der veränderten neuen Baugestalt deswegen das eigentlich Neue in den jüngeren Entwicklungen des Tempelbaus liegt. Lesen Sie hier die detaillierte English Summary: http://bit.ly/2CYGITG.
Jonas Gerlach hat Japanologie, Kunstgeschichte und Musikwissenschaft an der Universität zu Köln und der Sophia Universität in Tokyo studiert (2005–2011). Im Jahr 2015 erfolgte die Promotion im Fach Japanologie an der Universität zu Köln. Zuvor war er dort wissenschaftlicher Mitarbeiter (2012–2014). Jonas Gerlach ist derzeit Mitglied der Geschäftsleitung der Pausanio GmbH & Co.KG, einer Agentur für digitale Kulturkommunikation."

Contents: Preface -- 1. Innovation and knowledge creation: challenges to the field / Harald Bathelt, Patrick Cohendet, Sebastian Henn and Laurent Simon -- Part I. innovation as a concept -- 2. A conceptual history of innovation / Benoit Godin -- 3. Concepts and models of innovation / Patrick Cohendet and Laurent Simon -- 4. Science and innovation / Jean-Alain Héraud -- 5. Reverse innovation / Thierry Burger-Helmchem and Caroline Hussler -- 6. Broadening the concept of open innovation / Wim Vanhaverbeke -- 7. Measurement of innovation / Stephane Lhuillery, Julio Raffo and Intan Hamdan-Livramento -- Part II. innovation and institutions -- 8. Institutional context and innovation / Johannes Glückler and Harald Bathelt -- 9. Innovation in practice / Deborah Dougherty -- 10. Domesticating innovation - Designing revolutions / Yellowlees Douglas and Andrew Hargadon -- 11. Innovation and lock-in / Uwe Cantner and Simone Vannuccini -- 12. Patents and open innovation / Julien Pénin -- Part III. innovation and creativity -- 13. Managing knowledge, creativity, and innovation / Patrick Cohendet, Guy Parmentier and Laurent Simon -- 14. Urban diversity and innovation / Pierre Desrochers, Samuli Leppala and Joanna Szurmak -- 15. Innovation and the cultural economy / Andy C. Pratt -- 16. Innovation and cultural industries / Deborah Leslie and Norma M. Rantisi -- 17. Services and innovation / Johannes Glückler -- 18. Design theories, creativity and innovation / Pascal Le Masson, Armand Hatchuel and Benoit Weil -- 19. The dark side of creativity / David H Cropley -- Part IV. Innovation, networking and communities -- 20. Social networks and innovation / Michel Ferrary and Mark Granovetter -- 21. Community, creativity and innovation / Joanne Roberts -- 22. Industrial clusters in global networks / Elisa Giuliani -- 23. The user innovation phenomenon / Cyrielle Vellera, Eric Vernette and Susumu Ogawa -- 24. Horizontal learning / Pengfei Li -- 25. Innovation versus technological achievement / Dominique Foray -- Part V. Innovation in permanent spatial settings -- 26. Geography of innovation, proximity and beyond / Alain Rallet and Andre Torre -- 27. Urban bias in innovation studies / Richard Shearmur -- 28. National and regional innovation systems / Harald Bathelt and Sebastian Henn -- 29. National innovation systems and globalization / Bengt-Åke Lundvall -- 30. Innovation, regional development and relationality / Arnoud Lagendijk -- Part VI. Innovation in temporary and virtual settings -- 31. Trade fairs and innovation / Harald Bathelt -- 32. Innovation through trade show concertation / Francesca Golfetto and Diego Rinallo -- 33. Knowledge collaboration in virtual communities / Gernot Grabher and Oliver Ibert -- 34. Performativity and the innovation-replication dilemma / Luciana D'Adderio -- 35. Coworking and innovation / Janet Merkel -- Part VII. Innovation, entrepreneurship and market making -- 36. Markets, marketization and innovation / Michel Callon -- 37. Market formation and innovation systems / Ulrich Dewald and Bernard Truffer -- 38. Innovation and entrepreneurship / Ed Malecki and Ben Spigel -- 39. Transnational entrepreneurs and global knowledge transfer / Sebastian Henn and Harald Bathelt -- 40. Institutional entrepreneurship and innovation in Alzheimer's / Nina Geilinger, Stefan Haefliger, Georg von Krogh, and Fotini Pachidou -- Part VIII. Governance and management of innovation -- 41. Relational geographies of knowledge and innovation / James R. Faulconbridge -- 42. Innovation, governance and place / Maryann Feldman and Nicola Lowe -- 43. The dynamics of organizational structures and performances / Giovanni Dosi and Luigi Marengo -- 44. Learning through governance / Neil Bradford and David Wolfe -- 45. Global value chains and innovation / Ari Van Assche -- 46. Innovation, development and global destruction networks / Andrew Herod, Graham Pickren, Al Rainnie and Susan McGrath-Champ -- 47. Innovation and the global eco-industry / Bernard Sinclair-Desgagné -- Index.

Planet, species, justice, and the stories we tell about them / Ursula K. Heise -- The anthropocene : love it or leave it / Dale Jamieson -- Domestication, domesticated landscapes, and tropical natures / Susanna B. Hecht -- "They carry life in their hair" : domestication and the African diaspora / Judith A. Carney -- Domestication in a post-industrial world / Libby Robin -- Meals in the age of toxic environments / Yuki Masami -- Hybrid aversion : wolves, dogs, and the humans who love to keep them apart / Emma Marris -- Techno-conservation in the anthropocene : what does it mean to save a species? / Ronald Sandler -- Coloring climates : imagining a geoengineered world / Bronislaw Szerszynski -- Utopia's afterlife in the anthropocene / Anahid Nersessian -- Renaissance selfhood and Shakespeare's comedy of the commons / Robert N. Watson -- Multispecies epidemiology and the viral subject / Genese Marie Sodikoff -- Encountering a more-than-human world : ethos and the arts of witness / Deborah Bird Rose and Thom van Dooren -- Loving the native : invasive species and the cultural politics of flourishing / Jessica R. Cattelino -- Artifacts and habitats / Dolly Jørgensen -- Interspecies diplomacy in anthropocenic waters : performing an ocean-oriented ontology / Una Chaudhuri -- The anthropocene at sea : temporality, paradox, compression / Stacy Alaimo -- Turning over a new leaf : Fanonian humanism and environmental justice / Jennifer Wenzel -- Action-research and environmental justice : lessons from Guatemala's Chixoy Dam / Barbara Rose Johnston -- Farming as speculative activity : the ecological basis of farmers' suicides in India / Akhil Gupta -- Ecological security for whom? : the politics of flood alleviation and urban environmental justice in jakarta, indonesia / Helga Leitner, Emma Colven, and Eric Sheppard -- Our ancestors' dystopia now : indigenous conservation and the anthropocene / Kyle Powys Whyte -- Collected things with names like mother corn : native North American speculative fiction and film / Joni Adamson -- The stone guests : buen vivir and popular environmentalisms in the Andes and Amazonia / Jorge Marcone -- Play it again, Sam : decline and finishing in environmental narratives / Richard White -- Hubris and humility in environmental thought / Michelle Niemann -- Losing primeval forests : degradation narratives in South Asia / Kathleen D. Morrison -- Multidirectional eco-memory in an era of extinction : colonial whaling and indigenous dispossession in kim scott's that deadman dance / Rosanne Kennedy -- The Caribbean's agonizing seashores : tourism resorts, art, and the future of the region's coastlines / Lizabeth Paravisini-Gebert -- Bear down : resilience and multispecies ethology / Brett Buchanan -- Contemporary environmental art / James Nisbet -- Slow food, low tech : environmental narratives of agribusiness and its alternatives / Allison Carruth -- Mattress story : on thing power, waste management rhetoric, and Francisco de Pájaro's trash art / Maite Zubiaurre -- Touching the senses : environments and technologies at the movies / Alexa Weik von Mossner -- Climate, design, and the status of the human : obstacles and opportunities for architectural scholarship in the environmental humanities / Daniel A. Barber -- Climate visualizations : making data experiential / Heather Houser -- Digital? environmental : humanities / Stéfan Sinclair and Stephanie Posthumus -- From the xenotext / Christian Bök -- The body and environmental history in the anthropocene / Linda Nash -- Material ecocriticism and the petro-text / Heather I. Sullivan -- Fossil freedoms : the politics of emancipation and the end of oil / Hannes Bergthaller -- Scaling the planetary humanities : environmental globalization and the arctic / Sverker Sörlin -- Some "f" words for the environmental humanities : feralities, feminisms, futurities / Catriona Sandilands -- Biocities : urban ecology and the cultural imagination / Jon Christensen and Ursula K. Heise -- Environmental humanities : notes towards a summary for policymakers / Greg Garrard -- The humanities after the anthropocene / Stephanie LeMenager

"Naoto Kan, who was prime minister of Japan when the March 2011 Fukushima nuclear disaster began, has become a ubiquitous and compelling voice for the global antinuclear movement. Kan compared the potential worst-case devastation that could be caused by a nuclear power plant meltdown as tantamount only to 'a great world war. Nothing else has the same impact.' Japan escaped such a dire fate during the Fukushima disaster, said Kan, only 'due to luck.' Even so, Kan had to make some steely-nerved decisions that necessitated putting all emotion aside. In a now famous phone call from Tepco, when the company asked to pull all their personnel from the out-of-control Fukushima site for their own safety, Kan told them no. The workforce must stay. The few would need to make the sacrifice to save the many. Kan knew that abandoning the Fukushima Daiichi site would cause radiation levels in the surrounding environment to soar. His insistence that the Tepco workforce remain at Fukushima was perhaps one of the most unsung moments of heroism in the whole sorry saga."—The EcologistOn March 11, 2011, a massive undersea earthquake off Japan's coast triggered devastating tsunami waves that in turn caused meltdowns at three reactors in the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. Ranked with Chernobyl as the worst nuclear disaster in history, Fukushima will have lasting consequences for generations. Until 3.11, Japan's Prime Minister, Naoto Kan, had supported the use of nuclear power. His position would undergo a radical change, however, as Kan watched the nuclear disaster at the Fukushima No. 1 Power Plant unfold and came to understand the potential for the physical, economic, and political destruction of Japan.In My Nuclear Nightmare, Kan offers a fascinating day-by-day account of his actions in the harrowing week after the earthquake struck. He records the anguished decisions he had to make as the scale of destruction became clear and the threat of nuclear catastrophe loomed ever larger—decisions made on the basis of information that was often unreliable. For example, frustrated by the lack of clarity from the executives at Tepco, the company that owned the power plant, Kan decided to visit Fukushima himself, despite the risks, so he could talk to the plant's manager and find out what was really happening on the ground. As he details, a combination of extremely good fortune and hard work just barely prevented a total meltdown of all of Fukushima's reactor units, which would have necessitated the evacuation of the thirty million residents of the greater Tokyo metropolitan area.In the book, first published in Japan in 2012, Kan also explains his opposition to nuclear power: "I came to understand that a nuclear accident carried with it a risk so large that it could lead to the collapse of a country." When Kan was pressured by the opposition to step down as prime minister in August 2011, he agreed to do so only after legislation had been passed to encourage investments in alternative energy. As both a document of crisis management during an almost unimaginable disaster and a cogent argument about the dangers of nuclear power, My Nuclear Nightmare is essential reading.

Mark Skidmore and Hideki Toya (2002), 'Do Natural Disasters Promote Long-Run Growth?', Economic Inquiry, 40 (4), October, 664-87 -- Jesús Crespo Cuaresma, Jaroslava Hlouskova and Michael Obersteiner (2008), 'Natural Disasters as Creative Destruction? Evidence from Developing Countries', Economic Inquiry, 46 (2), April, 214-26 -- Ilan Noy (2009), 'The Macroeconomic Consequences of Disasters', Journal of Development Economics, 88 (2), March, 221-31 -- Eric Strobl (2012), 'The Economic Growth Impact of Natural Disasters in Developing Countries: Evidence from Hurricane Strikes in the Central American and Caribbean Regions', Journal of Development Economics, 97 (1), January, 130-41 -- Eduardo Cavallo, Sebastian Galiani, Ilan Noy and Juan Pantano (2013), 'Catastrophic Natural Disasters and Economic Growth', Review of Economics and Statistics, 95 (5), December, 1549-61 -- Kerry A. Odell and Marc D. Weidenmier (2004), 'Real Shock, Monetary Aftershock: The 1906 San Francisco Earthquake and the Panic of 1907', Journal of Economic History, 64 (4), December, 1002-27 -- Claudio Raddatz (2007), 'Are External Shocks Responsible for the Instability of Output in Low-Income Countries?', Journal of Development Economics, 84 (1), September, 155-87 -- Michael R. Carter, Peter D. Little, Tewodaj Mogues and Workneh Negatu (2007), 'Poverty Traps and Natural Disasters in Ethiopia and Honduras', World Development, 35 (5), May, 835-56 -- Adam Rose, Juan Benavides, Stephanie E. Chang, Philip Szczesniak and Dongsoon Lim (1997), 'The Regional Economic Impact of an Earthquake: Direct and Indirect Effects of Electricity Lifeline Disruptions', Journal of Regional Science, 37 (3), August, 437-58 -- Stéphane Hallegatte (2008), 'An Adaptive Regional Input-Output Model and its Application to the Assessment of the Economic Cost of Katrina', Risk Analysis, 28 (3), June, 779-99 -- Terry Cannon (1994), 'Vulnerability Analysis and the Explanation of "Natural" Disasters', in Ann Varley (ed.), Disasters, Development and Environment, Chapter 2, Chichester, UK: John Wiley and Sons Ltd, 13-30 -- Lino Briguglio (1995), 'Small Island Developing States and Their Economic Vulnerabilities', World Development, 23 (9), September, 1615-32 -- Mark Pelling and Juha I. Uitto (2001), 'Small Island Developing States: Natural Disaster Vulnerability and Global Change', Global Environmental Change Part B: Environmental Hazards, 3 (2), June, 49-62 -- Irasema Alcántara-Ayala (2002), 'Geomorphology, Natural Hazards, Vulnerability and Prevention of Natural Disasters in Developing Countries', Geomorphology: Geomorphology in the Public Eye: Political Issues, Education, and the Public, 47 (2-4), October, 107-24 -- Susan L. Cutter, Bryan J. Boruff and W. Lynn Shirley (2003), 'Social Vulnerability to Environmental Hazards', Social Science Quarterly, 84 (2), June, 242-61 -- Michael K. Lindell and Carla S. Prater (2003), 'Assessing Community Impacts of Natural Disasters', Natural Hazards Review, 4 (4), November, 176-85 -- Matthew E. Kahn (2005), 'The Death Toll from Natural Disasters: The Role of Income, Geography, and Institutions', Review of Economics and Statistics, 87 (2), May, 271-84 -- Nejat Anbarci, Monica Escaleras and Charles A. Register (2005), 'Earthquake Fatalities: The Interaction of Nature and Political Economy', Journal of Public Economics, 89 (9-10), September, 1907-33 -- Eric Neumayer and Thomas Plümper (2007), 'The Gendered Nature of Natural Disasters: The Impact of Catastrophic Events on the Gender Gap in Life Expectancy, 1981-2002', Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 97 (3), February, 551-66

Setting the scene foreword / Helmut Anheier -- Introduction: a new "new" philanthropy : from impetus to impact / Susan D. Phillips and Tobias Jung -- The roots of and impulses for philanthropy vignett E: (g)local philanthropy : local ideas, global potential : the shorefast foundation / Natalie Slawinski -- The multi-layered history of western philanthropy / Hugh Cunningham -- Approaching philanthropy from a social theory perspective / Frank Adloff -- What motivates people to give their own private resources for the public good? / Cathy Pharoah -- Women and philanthropy / Debra Mesch and Andrea Pactor -- Charity communications : shaping donor perceptions and giving / Sally Hibbert -- The geographies and scales of philanthropy vignette : philanthropy in India / Emily Jansons and Femida Handy -- Regional differences in philanthropy / René Bekkers -- Philanthropy at the community level : supporting community empowerment / Michael D. Layton -- Indigenous philanthropy : challenging western preconceptions / Shauna Mottiar and Mvuselelo Ngcoya -- The globalization of philanthropy : trends and channels of giving / Hillel Schmid and Hanna Shaul Bar Nissim -- The role of philanthropy in disaster relief / Naim Kapucu -- The intersections of philanthropy and public policy vignette : muddy waters : difficulties in the relationship between philanthropy, the private and the public sectors / Diana Leat -- The evolving state relationship : implications of "big societies" and shrinking states / John Healy and Gemma Donnelly-Cox -- Public policy for philanthropy : catching the wave or creating a backwater? / Susan D. Phillips and Steven Rathgeb Smith -- Minding the pennies : global trends in the regulation of charitable fundraising / Oonagh Breen -- The fiscal treatment of philanthropy from a comparative perspective / Calum M. Carmichael -- Philanthropy in Asia : evolving public policy / Mark Sidel -- The darker side of philanthropy : how self-interest and incompetence can overcome a love of mankind and the public interest / David Horton Smith with Sharon Eng and Kelly Albertson -- The institutions and expressions of philanthropy vignette : philanthropy as boundary spanning : reaching in and out for a qatar-based charity / Aisha Faleh Al Thani -- Private and family foundations / Diana Leat -- Community foundations : agility in the duality of foundation and community / Jenny Harrow, Tobias Jung and Susan D. Phillips -- Hybridity and philanthropy : implications for policy and practice / Steven Rathgeb Smith -- Entrepreneurial philanthropy / Jillian Gordon, Charles Harvey, Eleanor Shaw and Mairi Maclean -- Venture philanthropy : when philanthropy meets social entrepreneurship / Jacques Defourny, Marthe Nyssens and Severine Thys -- Financialization of philanthropy : the case of social investment / Ekkehard Thümler -- The contested terrain of corporate philanthropy and social responsibility : theories, approaches and challenges / Michael Moran and Elizabeth Branigan -- The management of philanthropy vignette : parents and children together : using social return on investment (sroi) to move from story-telling to strategic change and greater impact / Jim Clifford -- Good governance in philanthropy and nonprofits / Elena Romero-Merino and Íñigo García -- Achieving philanthropic mission : directing and managing grantmaking / Peter Grant -- The current landscape of fundraising practice / Richard D. Waters -- Wiring a new social economy : reflections on philanthropy in the digital age / Lucy Bernholz -- Building the market for impact / Tessa Hebb with Sean MacKinnon -- Measuring impact and recognizing success / Georg von Schnurbein -- Accountability in 4-d : changing approaches in contemporary philanthropy / Jenny Harrow -- Conclusion: the future for philanthropy research and practice vignette : reflections from a life as a philanthropist / Putnam Barber -- Concluding thoughts : the "ubers" of philanthropy and future disruptions / Susan D. Phillips and Tobias Jung

part PART I LEGAL CHANGE, LAW REFORM AND RULE OF LAW -- chapter 1 Daniel S. Lev (1985), 'Colonial Law and the Genesis of the Indonesian State', Indonesia, 40, pp. 57-74. -- chapter 2 Jianfu Chen (2007), 'The Transformation of Chinese Law – From Formal to Substantial', Hong Kong Law Journal, 37, pp. 689-739. -- chapter 3 Roman Tomasic and Bahrin Kamarul (1998), 'The Rule of Law and Corporate Insolvency in Six Asian Legal Systems', Canterbury Law Review, 7, pp. 140-56. -- chapter 4 Carol V. Rose (1998), 'The -- chapter 5 Randall Peerenboom (2006), 'What Have We Learned about Law and Development? Describing, Predicting and Assessing Legal Reforms in China', Michigan Journal of International Law, 27, pp. 823-71. -- part PART II COURTS AND DISPUTE RESOLUTION -- chapter 6 John Owen Haley (1978), 'The Myth of the Reluctant Litigant', Journal of Japanese Studies, 4, pp. 359-90. -- chapter 7 Tom Ginsburg and Glenn Hoetker (2009), 'The Effects of Liberalization on Litigation: Notes Toward a Theory in the Context of Japan', Washington University Global Studies Law Review, 8, pp. 303-15. -- chapter 8 Benjamin L. Liebman (2007), 'China's Courts: Restricted Reform', Columbia Journal of Asian Law, 21, pp. 1-44. -- part PART III LAWYERS AND LAWYERING -- chapter 9 Jerome A. Cohen (2003), 'The Plight of China's Criminal Defence Lawyers', Hong Kong Law Journal, 33, pp. 231-47. -- chapter 10 Sida Liu (2006), 'Client Influence and the Contingency of Professionalism: The Work of Elite Corporate Lawyers in China', Law and Society Review, 40, pp. 751-81. -- chapter 11 Ethan Michelson (2006), 'The Practice of Law as an Obstacle to Justice: Chinese Lawyers at Work', Law and Society Review, 40, pp. 1-38. -- part PART IV LAW, SOCIETY AND LEGAL CULTURE -- chapter 12 Takao Tanase (2006), 'Global Markets and the Evolution of Law in China and Japan', Michigan Journal of International Law, 26, pp. 873-93. -- chapter 13 Kun Yang (1989), 'Law and Society Studies in Korea: Beyond the Hahm Thesis', Law and Society Review, 23, pp. 891-901. -- chapter 14 Roman Tomasic (1999-2000), Asian Economic Crisis, Storytelling and Legal Institutions – A Tale of Two Cities', Journal of Chinese and Comparative Law, 4, pp. 1-29. -- part PART V LEGAL PLURALISM, RELIGION AND GENder -- chapter 15 Dinusha Panditaratne (2007), 'Towards Gender Equity in a Developing Asia: Reforming Personal Laws within a Pluralist Framework', New York University Review of Law and Social Change, 32, pp. 83-129. -- chapter 16 Iza Hussin (2007), 'The Pursuit of the Perak Regalia: Islam, Law, and the Politics of Authority in the Colonial State', Law and Social Inquiry, 32, pp. 759-88. -- chapter 17 Ratno Lukito (2006), 'The Enigma of National Law in Indonesia: The Supreme Court's Decisions on Gender-Neutral Inheritance', Journal of Legal Pluralism and Unofficial Law, 52, pp. 147-67. -- part PART VI LAW, TRADITION AND 'ASIAN VALUES' -- chapter 18 Eugene K.B. Tan (2002), ' -- chapter 19 David Streckfuss (1995), 'Kings in the Age of Nations: The Paradox of Lèse-Majesté as Political Crime in Thailand', Comparative Studies in Society and History, 37, pp. 445-75. -- chapter 20 David Jones (1993), 'The Metamorphosis of Tradition: The Idea of Law and Virtue in East Asian Political Thought', Southeast Asian Journal of Social Science, 21, pp. 18-35.

chapter 1 Charles B. Paul (1971), 'Music and Ideology: Rameau, Rousseau, and 1789', Journal of the History of Ideas, 32, pp. 395-410 -- chapter 2 David M. Powers (1998), 'The French Musical Theater: Maintaining Control in Caribbean Colonies in the Eighteenth Century', Black Music Research Journal, 18, pp. 229-40 -- chapter 3 Katharine Thomson (1976), 'Mozart and Freemasonry', Music and Letters, 57, pp. 25-46 -- chapter 4 Nicholas Mathew (2009), 'Beethoven's Political Music, the Handelian Sublime, and the Aesthetics of Prostration', 19th Century Music, 33, pp. 110-50 -- chapter 5 Jolanta T. Pekacz (2000), 'Deconstructing a -- chapter 6 Marina Frolova-Walker (1997), 'On Ruslan and Russianness', Cambridge Opera Journal, 9, pp. 21-45 -- chapter 7 Jess Tyre (2005), 'Music in Paris during the Franco-Prussian War and the Commune', Journal of Musicology, 22, pp. 173-202 -- chapter 8 Glenn Watkins (2003), 'The Old Lie', in Proof through the Night: Music and the Great War, Berkeley: University of Califomia Press, pp. 47-60; 439-43 -- chapter 9 Jane F. Fulcher (1999), 'The Composer as Intellectual: Ideological Inscriptions in French Interwar Neoclassicism', Journal of Musicology, 17, pp. 197-230 -- chapter 10 Reinhold Brinkmann (2004), 'The Distorted Sublime: Music and National Socialist Ideology — A Sketch', in Michael H. Kater and Albrecht Riethmüller (eds), Music and Nazism: Art under Tyranny, 1933-1945, Laaber: Laaber Verlag, pp. 43-63 -- chapter 11 Pamela M. Potter (2005), 'What is -- chapter 12 Richard Taruskin (1995), 'Public Lies and Unspeakable Truth Interpreting Shostakovich's Fifth Symphony', in David Fanning (edition), Shostakovich Studies, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 17-56 -- chapter 13 Danielle Fosler-Lussier (2007), 'Beyond the Folk Song: Or, What was Hungarian Socialist Realist Music?', in Music Divided: Bartók's Legacy in Cold War Culture, Berkeley: University of California Press, pp. 94-116; 194-7 -- chapter 14 Penny M. Von Eschen (2004), 'Ike Gets Dizzy', in Satchmo Blows Up the World: Jazz Ambassadors Play the Cold War, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, pp. 1-26; 263-70 -- chapter 15 Robin Denselow (1989), 'Born Under a Bad Sign', in When the Music's Over: The Story of Political Pop, London: Faber, pp. 1-30 -- chapter 16 Simon Frith (1988), 'Rock and the Politics of Memory', in Sohnya Sayres and others (eds), The 60s Without Apology, Minneapolis: Minnesota University Press, pp. 59-69 -- chapter 17 Daniel Kreiss (2008), 'Appropriating the Master's Tools: Sun Ra, the Black Panthers, and Black Consciousness, 1952-1973', Black Music Research Journal, 28, pp. 57-81 -- chapter 18 Mao Yu Run (1991), 'Music under Mao, Its Background and Aftermath', Asian Music, 22, pp. 97-125 -- chapter 19 Jean During (2005), 'Power, Authority and Music in the Cultures of Inner Asia', Ethnomusicology Forum, 14, pp. 143-64 -- chapter 20 Kelly M. Askew (2003), 'As Plato Duly Warned: Music, Politics, and Social Change in Coastal East Africa', Anthropological Quarterly, 76, pp. 609-37 -- chapter 21 Nick Nesbitt (2001), 'African Music, Ideology and Utopia', Research in African Literatures, 32, pp. 175-86 -- chapter 22 George Ciccariello Maher (2005), 'Brechtian Hip-Hop: Didactics and Self-Production in Post-Gangsta Political Mixtapes', Journal of Black Studies, 36, pp. 129-60 -- chapter 23 Lydia Goehr (1994), 'Political Music and the Politics of Music', Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism, 52, pp. 99-112.

The context, contested : histories of Yugoslavia and its violent dissolution -- The forum : the international criminal tribunal for the former Yugoslavia -- The man on trial : Slobodan Milošević -- The trial: IT-02-54, prosecutor v. Milošević -- Real justice, in time : the initial indictment of Milošević : Clint Williamson (special prosecutor for the EU Special Investigative Task Force) -- Real justice or realpolitik? the delayed indictment of Milošević / Cherif Bassiouni (DePaul University) -- Slow poison : joinder and the death of Milošević / Gideon Boas (Monash University) -- Joinder, fairness, and the goals of international criminal justice / Frédéric Mégret (McGill University) -- Difficulties for the participants : indictment correct, trial impossible / Carla del Ponte (former chief prosecutor, ICTY and ICTR) -- Outside the internal dynamics of the prosecution / Kelly Dawn Askin (Open Society Justice Initiative) -- In the shadow of non-recognition : Milošević and the self-represented accused's right to justice / Evelyn Anoya (special tribunal for Lebanon) -- The legitimacy paradox of self-representation / Yuval Shany (Hebrew University) -- Guilty without a verdict : Bosniaks' perceptions of the Milošević trial / Safia Swimelar (Elon University) -- The Hague front in the homeland war : narratives of the Milošević trial in Croatia / Christopher K. Lamont (University of Groningen) -- Another report on the banality of evil : the cultural politics of the Milošević trial in Kosovo / Vjollca Krasniqi (University of Prishtina; University of Ljubljana) -- Conversations with Milošević : two meetings, bloody hands / Veton Surroi (KOHA Media group) -- Underwhelmed : Kosovar Albanians' reactions to the Milošević trial / Frances Trix (Indiana University) -- Airing crimes, marginalizing victims : political expectations and transitional justice in Kosovo / Denisa Kostovicova (London School of Economics and Political Science) -- Framing the trial of the century : influences of, and on, international media / Klaus Bachmann (University of Social Sciences and Humanities -- Warsaw) -- The court and public opinion : negotiating tensions between trial process and public interest in Milošević / Judith Armatta (formerly Coalition for International Justice) -- Dead man's tale : deriving narrative authority from the terminated : Milošević trial / Timothy William Waters (Indiana University) -- Beyond the theater of international justice : the rule 98bis decision in Milošević / Jens Meierhenrich (London School of Economics and Political Science) -- Can we salvage a history of the Yugoslav conflicts from the Milošević trial? / Christian Axboe Nielsen (Aarhus University) -- Do historians need a verdict? / Florian Bieber (University of Graz) -- Body of evidence : the prosecution's construction of Milosevic / Marko Prelec (International Crisis Group) -- Milosevic and the justice of peace / Alexander K.A. Greenawalt (Pace University) -- The parting of ways: public reckoning with the recent past in post-Milošević Serbia / Jasna Dragović-Soso (Goldsmiths, University of London) -- Antecedents to a debate : conflicts over the transfer of Milosevic / Vesna Pejic (member of parliament of the Republic of Serbia) -- The show and the trial : the political death of Milosevic / Florian Bieber (University of Graz) -- From politics to law, to tedium, and back / Mark A. Drumbl (Washington & Lee University) -- Two sides of the same coin? judging Milosevic and Serbia before the ICTY and ICJ / Yuval Shany (Hebrew University) -- Ambiguous choices in the trials of Milosevic's Serbia / Tibor Várady (Central European University; Emory University) -- Abdicated legacy : the prosecution's use of evidence from Milosevic / Florence Hartmann (formerly office of the prosecutor, ICTY) -- The spider and the system : Milosevic and joint criminal enterprise / Harmen van der Wilt (University of Amsterdam).

There is a widening gap between democracy as a theory and its practice. While supposedly a solution to the problems of the developing world, in practice democracy has more often led to instability, civil wars, genocides, fundamentalism, crime and corruption. In contrast, in the West, voting rights were extended gradually over a century or two, in tandem with economic empowerment and also social awakening. The democratic republics that evolved out of this long process were stable and progressive. In the developing world, a shortcut to the end and premature political opening up has proven disastrous for many a nation like Nigeria, Iraq, Congo, Kenya, Pakistan, South Africa, etc. Even in the few stable ones like India, democracy has failed to make a dent in poverty alleviation and has instead got caught in divisive election stunts. At the same time, some unitary states like China have surged far ahead of others and broken out of the largely poor and deteriorating mould. Why? What are the reasons democracy does not work in the developing world? Could it be made to work through improvements, or is it the wrong model altogether? The notion that democracy is going to transform our world holds little credence to anyone who has witnessed its true colors like the author has, hailing from India and also having lived in China and some other countries. Thus as a scientist and researcher, she has studied the history, politics and economics of some 150 countries across the world. The book delves into the complex world of subversive election winning strategies, secession movements, coalition governments, the meaning of freedom to people living amidst violence and poverty, as well as a study of other sociopolitical systems. Without any a priori theories, willing to go where the evidence leads, the author is able to point out the emperor's new clothes for what they truly are. It may be time to challenge our perfect theory as democracy may not be the answer to the developing worlds problems. The quest for truth leads us to surprising answers in terms of progressive transient alternatives for the developing world, as well as some pointers for streamlining democracy, the system per se. Democracy on Trial is a compelling discovery of fresh answers and pragmatic solutions to the pressing problems of our times from large-scale abject poverty in developing countries across Asia and Africa to many civil wars and ongoing mayhem in others. One book that comes close to the perspective in Democracy on Trial, All Rise! is The Future of Freedom by Fareed Zakaria. Zakaria's is the first book to acknowledge democracy's failure in the developing world, but it leaves the important question what is the alternative largely unanswered and falls back on rationalizations to conclude. Most of the current literature on democracy is primarily theoretical in nature and addresses some of its faults; but democracy per se is eulogized. The new title is different in that it answers the question of what is the alternative or a way forward based on an empirical analysis that carries the reader along to the conclusions. The perspective is new, as yet unexplored, and marries the progressive with the pragmatic.

Introduction: A conversation about justice / Brian D. McLaren -- What is justice? / Brian D. McLaren -- God's call to do justice / C. Ren Padilla -- The God of justice -- God's justice : a biblical view / Sarah Dylan Breuer -- Just son : what does Jsus' message of the kingdom have to do with justice? / Adam Taylor -- The Holy Spirit of justice / Peter Goodwin Heltzel -- A tradition of justice : how has the church pursued justice across the major periods of church history? / Jenell Williams Paris -- (De)constructing justice : what does the postmodern turn contribute to the Christian passion for justice? / Tony Jones -- The book of justice -- Reading the Bible unjustly : how has the American church read the Bible unjustly? / Richard Twiss -- Just Torah : no justice, no peace, the heresy of the world ignored / J. Shawn Landres -- Reading the prophets for justice / Jeremy Del Rio -- Justice in the Gospels / Suba Priya Rabindran -- Reading the Epistles for justice / Sylvia C. Keesmaat -- Justice in the U.S. -- My name is legion, for we are many : exorcism as racial justice / Anthony Smith -- Just land : what are the key justice issues for native peoples in the U.S.A.? / Randy Woodley -- Just lections : what is the most pressing voter issue facing our democracy today? / Bart Campolo -- Just liberals : what are the strengths and weaknesses of liberal politics in light of biblical justice? / Heather Kirk-Davidoff -- Just conservatives: what are the strengths and weaknesses of conservative politics in light of biblical justice? / Joseph Myers -- Just family values : how can Christians advocate justice for non-traditional families? / Peggy Campolo -- A third way : a prophetic word on borders / Gabriel Salguero -- A just world -- Just perspectives : how can we become just global citizens? / Ashley Bunting Seeber -- Just wealth : how is the poverty of the poor in the global south a matter of justice for the rich in the global north? / Dario Lopez -- The business of justice / Pamela Wilhelms -- Just ecology : what demands of justice does the planet make upon followers of Christ? / Lyndsay Moseley -- Just religion : why should we de-colonize God's name? / Samir Selmanovic -- Just cities : what does the call to justice mean for life in our cities? / Chad R. Abbott -- Justice in the slums : urban poverty as a monument to injustice / Jorge Tasin -- Just suburbs : what does the call of justice mean for life in our suburbs? / Will and Lisa Samson -- Just countryside : how can justice "from the roots up" affect life in rural areas? / Sarah Ferry -- A just church -- The power of ordinary : how are Evangelicals in the U.S. awakening to social justice issues? / Shauna Niequist -- More than "just us" : justice in African American churches in a post-Civil Rights era / Alise Barrymore -- Suffering for justice : what kinds of suffering can young people anticipate if they wholeheartedly pursue justice? / Annemie Bosch -- Planting churches in justice / Roy Soto -- Parenting for justice : how can parents instill the value of justice in their children? / Ruth Padilla DeBorst -- Just trade : commerce that brings justice to the poor and meaning to the rich / Nathan George and Lynn Hybels -- Just hope / Doug Pagitt -- Just beginning : what are some good first steps in seeking justice for both individuals and faith communities? / Tomas and Dee Yaccino -- A justice emergency : will justice become central to the emergent conversation? / Elisa Padilla

Extensive research has been conducted on how firms and regions take advantage of spatially concentrated assets, and also why history matters to regional specialisation patterns. In brief, it seems that innovation clusters as a distinctive regional entity in international business and the geography of innovation are of increasing importance in STI policy, innovation systems and competitiveness studies. Recently, more and more research has contributed to an evolutionary perspective on collaboration in clusters. Nonetheless, the field of cluster or regional innovation systems remains a multidisciplinary field where the state of the art is determined by the individual perspective (key concepts could, for example, be industrial districts, innovative clusters with reference to OECD, regional knowledge production, milieus & sticky knowledge, regional lock-ins & path dependencies, learning regions or sectoral innovation systems). According to our analysis, the research gap lies in both quantitative, comparative surveys and in-depth concepts of knowledge dynamics and cluster evolution. Therefore this paper emphasises the unchallenged in-depth characteristics of knowledge utilisation within a cluster's collaborative innovation activities. More precisely, it deals with knowledge dynamics in terms of matching different agents' knowledge stocks via knowledge flows, common technology specification (standard-setting), and knowledge spillovers. The means of open innovation and system boundaries for spatially concentrated agents in terms of knowledge opportunities and the capabilities of each agent await clarification. Therefore, our study conceptualises the interplay between firm- and cluster-level activities and externalities for knowledge accumulation but also for the specification of technology. It remains particularly unclear how, why and by whom knowledge is aligned and ascribed to a specific sectoral innovation system. Empirically, this study contributes with several descriptive calculations of indices, e.g. knowledge stocks, GINI coefficients, Herfindahl indices, and Revealed Patent Advantage (RPA), which clearly underline a high spatial concentration of both mechanical engineering and biotechnology within a European NUTS2 sample for the last two decades. Conceptually, our paper matches the geography of innovation literature, innovation system theory, and new ideas related to the economics of standards. Therefore, it sheds light on the interplay between knowledge flows and externalities of cluster-specific populations and the agents' use of such knowledge, which is concentrated in space. We find that knowledge creation and standard-setting are cross-fertilising each other: although the spatial concentration of assets and high-skilled labour provides new opportunities to the firm, each firm's knowledge stocks need to be contextualised. The context in terms of 'use case' and 'knowledge biography' makes technologies (as represented in knowledge stocks) available for collaboration, but also clarifies relevance and ownership, in particular intellectual property concerns. Owing to this approach we propose a conceptualisation which contains both areas with inter- and intra-cluster focus. This proposal additionally concludes that spatial and technological proximity benefits standard-setting in high-tech and low-tech industries in very different ways. More precisely, the versatile tension between knowledge stocks, their evolution, and technical specification & implementation requires the conceptualisation and analysis of a non-linear process of standard-setting. Particularly, the use case of technologies is essential. Related to this approach, clusters strongly support the establishment of technology use cases in embryonic high-tech industries. Low-tech industries in contrast rather depend on approved knowledge stocks, whose dynamics provide better and fast accessible knowledge inputs within low-tech clusters. -- innovation clusters ; standard-setting ; knowledge externalities and flows ; knowledge alignment ; mechanical engineering ; biotechnology

Inhaltsangabe: The increasing international interconnection of the world's economics has the consequence that more and more German employees have to stay abroad for a longer time. The south-east Asian and especially the Chinese economic environment are gaining a bigger and bigger role – also for the German textile market due to a strong economic growth, the low wage level – especially in the manufacturing branch this is an important decision factor - at approximately EUR 0,32 per hour and the size of a potential market. The low wage level will not rise in the near future. China as a market is not interesting at the moment because the purchasing power is not large enough at the present. The fact that China's economic importance is growing requires a new kind of approach to enter the market in any kind of way. Since Germany is a country with only few raw materials the requirements of manpower have changed. The requirements regarding the qualification of the labour rise and the so-called 'human-capital' develops into one of the factors with the biggest influence on economic growth and employment. China does require special skills regarding management, communication and intercultural interactions. In the last years the persons in the responsible departments became aware of this. A relatively new area of research has become more and more important for the human resource departments in German companies: the intercultural preparation of employees and expatriates. Expatriates fill the key positions for the exchange of information between the parent company and the office abroad. For a successful expatriation a profound preparation regarding intercultural communication and behaviour is needed. The better the preparation the better will be the expatriation for the company and the expatriate. A failed dispatch abroad can cost the company approximately € 125.000, - per employment. However, the consequences for the expatriate can also be disastrous: social and professional decline and depression and others. This work has the aim to answer the following questions: How can well designed training programs look like? What kinds of possibilities do exist? Who does offer intercultural trainings in Germany? How are employees in German textile and clothing companies prepared in practice compared to other industries? Is the investment in the intercultural trainings useful, efficient and worth it? To find answers to these questions the second chapter gives an overview about China's business and cultural face and the Chinese-German relations. In the third chapter the expression culture itself and its influence on the human behaviour are explained. The fourth chapter presents the area of intercultural trainings and preparation of German employees who are sent to China: the history of intercultural trainings and the different methods, the role of intercultural trainings for the preparatory process and ways to evaluate them. In the fifth chapter two German renowned suppliers and their programmes are introduced. The question how German employees of textile and clothing companies are prepared – also in comparison to other branches of industry - is attempted to be clarified in the sixth chapter by presenting an empiric study which has been drawn up by questionnaires filled in by German employees, conversations with experts and extracts from companies' policies regarding human resource management. The seventh chapter introduces a concept and guidelines for companies for an integral intercultural preparation for German expatriates. The eighth chapter draws a final conclusion.