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Research has demonstrated that wearing red can have significant effects on perceptions of the wearer. However, these findings are based on impressions formed while viewing static images. Here, I focus on perceptions of political leaders and show participants short videos in order to investigate color effects in stimuli with increased ecological validity. Viewers watched videos of politicians and made judgments regarding how dominant, how good a leader, and how believable the politicians appeared to be. The colors of the politicians' ties were digitally manipulated to be red or blue. Whether the politician was familiar (Study 1) or unfamiliar to viewers (Study 2), tie color had no effect on perceptions. Even when the sound was muted in order to increase the influence of visual cues (Study 3), I found no clothing color effect. Finally, when only presented with a static image (Study 4), wearing red still had no effect on judgments. These results suggest that, at least in a political setting, wearing red has no effect on perceptions. Therefore, real-world applications associated with red clothing may be limited.

Studies of the new middle-class often write about the anxieties of falling behind with its members acquiring their middle-class status from uncertain and unpredictable market values. This type of anxiety is typical for members of the white-collar middle-class who often deal with pressures to maintain a conspicuous consumption level to remain in the middle strata. I argue that some of the anxieties associated with wealth experienced by the new middle class in Vietnam are also the result of a mode of governmentality that is used by the state to boost individual self-reliance and economic efficiency with the appeal of public contributions. Governmentality, in Foucault's proposition, consists of technologies that allow the state to govern individuals from a distance with the vision of correct conduct. This mode of governance is done in Vietnam through the idea of "moral conduct", by which the state guides the autonomous economic activities of individuals with the moral appeal of public contributions. This paper looks at the performance and experiences of Vietnamese female NGO professionals in the process of marketisation and privatisation in Vietnam. I show that their economic and professional performances demonstrate the morality of domestic responsibilities and public contributions, resembling the symbol of the virtuous woman in Vietnam's Confucian and socialist tradition, a symbol which continues to be applauded by the state. The findings in this paper are drawn from my PhD research project at the University of Leeds, with data collected from a six-month fieldwork study conducted in Hanoi between 2016 and 2017.

The concept of gendered mediation represents a new phase in the study of women, politics, and the media. It focuses on the stereotypically masculine narrative used in political reporting. Metaphors of warfare and confrontation dominate media coverage of politics, reinforcing traditional conceptions of politics as a male preserve. In this article, we examine the implications of this narrative for the coverage of female leaders. We argue that women who adopt "masculine" styles in order to compete are portrayed by the media as being more aggressive than their male counterparts because they are contravening deeply rooted conventions concerning appropriate female behavior. By comparing metaphoric reconstructions of the 1993 Canadian leaders' debates with the actual behavior of the participants, we show that television news coverage of the two female leaders focused disproportionately on the behavior that was counter to gender-based stereotypes. Ironically, even when the women adopted a less confrontational approach, they were still portrayed as being more aggressive than the male participants. The result of this gendered mediation, we conclude, was to misrepresent the behavior of both of the female leaders.

Leaders often weigh ethical against monetary consequences. We experimentally study such a dilemma where leaders can benefit their groups at the expense of moral costs. First, we measure individual dishonesty preferences and, second, leaders' reporting decisions for a group by using payoff-reporting games. We focus on an endogenous leadership setting, where subjects can apply for leadership. Women have less pronounced dishonesty preferences than men, but increase dishonesty as leaders. The increase disappears when leadership is randomly assigned. A follow-up study reveals that women leaders behave dishonestly when they believe their group members prefer dishonesty.

Leaders often have to weigh ethical against monetary consequences. Such situations may evoke psychological costs from being dishonest and dismissing higher monetary benefits for others. In a within-subjects experiment, we analyze such a dilemma. We first measure individual dishonest behavior when subjects report the outcome of a die roll, which determines their payoffs. Subsequently, they act as leaders and report payoffs for a group including themselves. In our main treatment, subjects can apply for leadership, whereas in the control treatment, we assign leadership randomly. Results reveal that women behave more dishonestly as leaders while men behave similarly in both the individual and the group decision. For female leaders, we find that sorting into leadership is not related to individual honesty preferences. In the control we find that female leaders do not increase dishonesty. A followup study reveals that female leaders become more dishonest after assuming leadership, as they align dishonest behavior with their belief on group members' honesty preferences.

Foreword by James L. "Skip" Rutherford; Introduction; 1. The State of Public Service in America / Karl Besel and Charlotte Lewellen Williams; 2. Politics and Public Service / Todd Bradley and Karl Besel; 3. Planning for the Next Generation of Nonprofit Leaders / Karl Besel and Charlotte Lewellen Williams; 4. International Differences in Nonprofit Succession Planning / Karl Besel and Andreas Schmid; 5. Succession Planning and Foundations / Charlotte Lewellen Williams and Karl Besel; 6. Mergers, Acquisitions, and Leadership in Health-Care Succession Planning / Adam R. Smith.

This study is a comparative content analysis of news content of Aljazeera English
(AJE) and BBC News on China's national political affairs in their online news
editions from 1 January 2013 to 31 December 2014 after the assumption of power by
Chinese president Xi Jinping. The study compares the patterns of news coverage
by two international broadcasters in the context of Framing Theory as well as
political and economic events of the times. The study followed the structural
pattern of media content analysis - mass media structure their content as an
interpretation of reality for audiences, and the media content is created by a
variety of factors that result in different versions of reality, such as political and
economic factors. Two frames were identified in the news coverage by both the
channels. AJE used cooperation frame to present news related to China's trade
and investment deals, while confrontation frame was applied by BBC to show
conflicts and disputes of China to global audience.