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This article is a general description of Spain's history of education and how it evolved in the 20th century. I analyze the characteristics of the educational system designed during the 19th century and the changes that took place during the country's political stages. I review the objectives and development of each teaching level, the school curricula, the professors, and their education. I also go over the extracurricular initiatives of this period and how they affected the student community. The review helps us understand the achievements that have been made and the limitations we face in the 21st century

Abstract
This article presents a new estimate for the income of German university professors in the 20th century, using university archives as its main source. With these figures we reject the decline-perspective that has been predominant in the literature, influenced especially by Fritz K. Ringer's book. We compare the professors' salaries to those in leading occupations in private business, as well as state bureaucracy and find that relative income level developed in a similar fashion up to the 1970s. The 1970s were identified as a crucial turning point, as university professors started to fall behind their comparative social groups in alternative job markets. Making use of the literature on relative income, the article suggests the university professors changed their group of comparison in questions of remuneration during the course of the 20th century, so that the decreasing internal income-inequality affected their well-being more than the increasing gap to salaries outside universities.

Intro -- Editor's Preface -- I THE THEORY OF ORIENTAL SOCIETY -- Initiation of a Research Trend: Wittfogel's Irrigation Hypothesis -- Sobre el modo asíatico producción y la teoría de la sociedad oriental: Marx y Wittfogel. Una aplicacion a Mesoamérica -- Marx and Lenin on Oriental Despotism -- Water Laws in Hydraulic Civilizations -- II BUREAUCRACY AND FREEDOM -- Bureaucracy in America: Some Personal Reflections -- The Bureau of Music of Western Han -- El concepto de etnia y su aplicación en etnologia -- Social Classes and the State: An Essay in Correlation -- Systems of History and Public Policy Goals -- III EAST AND WEST -- The Understanding of Indian Government in Western Social and Political Thought -- On Religion and Society in Pakistan -- Lu Hsün and Chaadaev: A Comparative Study in Westernization -- The First Indo-Europeans in History -- IV MARXISM IN THEORY AND PRACTICE -- Francis Bacon and the Marxists: Faith in the Glorious Future of Mankind -- Die Klosterbrüder des Marxismus und die Sowjetgesellschaft. Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte des Rätekommunismus -- V.l. Lenin and Maxim Gorky: Study of a Stormy Friendship -- Pre-Revolutionary Russian Marxist Concepts of Russian State and Society -- Lewis H. Morgan in the Light of Modern Anthropological Theory -- V ASIA AND RUSSIA -- Die Belagerung von Hsiang-Yang. Eine Episode aus dem Krieg zwischen Sung und Chin 12060-1207 -- Tungusen und Ljao -- Sinomongolische Späne -- Expressions of Gratitude in Mongolian -- Das heutige afghanische Gebiet und sein Ringen um Selbständigkeit gegenüber den Mongolen im 13./14. JH -- China's Decision for War: The Lukouchiao Incident -- Mao Tse-tung's First Struggle for Power. From the First Party Congress of the Soviet Area in November 1931 to the Tsunyi Conference in January 1935 -- Russian Agrarian Theory in the 1920's: Climax of a Great Tradition.

Among topics discussed: Growing up in Warrenton, Georgia; NAACP at Warrenton; students at Warrenton organize SCLC student branch; inactivity of older African Americans in civil rights movement; desegregation of Warren County schools; inspiration of Martin Luther King, Jr., and Ralph David Abernathy; race relations in Warrenton compared to other parts of Georgia; statistics of Warrenton; influence of national television networks and print media in Warrenton; W. W. Law; U. S. Supreme Court and Brown v. Board of Education; reasons for integration of school systems; student boycotts and protests in Warrenton in 1960; picketing the Warren County Board of Education; SCLC staffers come to Warrenton; Carl Farris; Willie Bolden; Dorothy Cotton; advice of Farris in nonviolent protest; students involved in protests: Johnny Williams, Walter Hill, Carolyn Collier; black citizens in Warrenton active in movement: Odessa Wilburn, Julia May Storey; creation of Warren County SCLC; Brooks's involvement in national movement; effects of Brown v. Board of Education in Atlanta; reasons for targeting the Warren County school system; desegregating the theater in Warrenton; unwillingness of parents to allow children to participate in movement; attempts at peaceful integration in Warren County; effective role of Carl Sanders as governor in integration; ineffective role of Ernest Vandiver as governor during civil rights era; Warrenton whites not opposed to integrating theater and lunch counters; Sanders's decision to uphold Federal law; Voting Rights Act of 1965; registration of African Americans in Warren County to vote in 1964 presidential election; first blacks elected to county offices in Warren County in 1960s and 1970s; apathy of African Americans in Warren County in voting and running for office; Brooks leaving Warrenton to attend Howard University in Washintgon, D.C.; Brooks works in SCLC in Washington; influence of Hosea Williams on Brooks; Brooks returns to Georgia in 1967; Brooks accepts fulltime position with SCLC; SCLC work in Crawfordsville, Georgia; civil rights movement in Crawfordsville; beating of NBC reporter Charles Quinn and camera crew by Klansmen; Calvin Turner reports mistreatment of blacks in Crawfordsville; strength of Ku Klux Klan (KKK) in rural parts of the states; KKK in Warrenton and militant African Americans; registration of blacks in Crawfordsville and Taliaferro County; desegregation of Taliaferro County; Lester Hankerson; Jimmy Wells; Willie Bolden in Crawfordsville; violence in Crawfordsville attracts attention of national media. Success of SCLC and movement in Crawfordsville; murder of African-American soldier in Social Circle, Georgia in early 1980s; involvement of FBI and Army intelligence; outrage of black community in Social Circle; Brooks and Abernathy lead march from Social Circle to Monroe; organization of African Americans in Walton County; murder of Willie Jean Carreker in Woodland, Georgia, in Talbot County by white policeman; Albert Turner; boycotts and night marches by blacks in Woodland; trial of Woodland police officers; Black Manifesto signed by Woodland city leaders; Will D. Campbell in Woodland; Johnnie Mae Owens; intentions of whites in Woodland; Brooks and training the local leadership; Herman Lodge; Macon movement leaders: Billy Young and William Randall; Brooks leaves SCLC in 1979, elected to public office in 1980. ; Tyrone Brooks (b. 1945) was a leader in the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) and has served in the Georgia House of Representatives since 1980.