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Pace reviews 'The Western European Union at the Crossroads: Between Trans-Atlantic Solidarity and European Integration' by G. Wyn Rees.

That European Union citizenship remains an unfinished institution is beyond any doubt. Even its modest original content enshrined in the Treaty of European Union revealed this. Article 25 TFEU (formerly Article 22 TEC) has always carried the promise of the extension its material scope of Union citizenship by a unanimous decision of the Council in accordance with a special legislative procedure and after obtaining the consent of the European Parliament. Although this procedure has not been activated yet, EU citizenship has evolved. For more than a decade, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) has not hesitated to subject it to critical reflection and inquiry and to embark upon unknown and controversial terrains, thereby inviting both admiration and fierce criticism. European judges have taken quite seriously constitutionalisation of Union citizenship and sought to respond positively to citizens' needs and expectations. But as their decisions are guided by norms which often conflict with states' interest in unilateral migration control and the pursuit of power, governments have not hesitated to express their disapproval of what they perceive to be judicial policy-making. ; Udostępnienie publikacji Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego finansowane w ramach projektu "Doskonałość naukowa kluczem do doskonałości kształcenia". Projekt realizowany jest ze środków Europejskiego Funduszu Społecznego w ramach Programu Operacyjnego Wiedza Edukacja Rozwój; nr umowy: POWER.03.05.00-00-Z092/17-00.

Since the conclusion of the 1985 trade and cooperation agreement between the European Community and China, a new political dynamic has been set in motion between two emerging entities: industrializing China and integrating Europe. It is reflected in, among others, European Commission policy strategy papers and, probably more importantly, in numerous sectoral dialogues and agreements. Europe has become China's largest export destination. For the E.U., China has become its second largest trading partner and its most important source of imports.

Mergers and acquisitions of companies are an important component of economic strategies and strategies of management of cross-border companies in changing global markets Performed research has 6 major implications. 1. Announcement of merger and acquisition transactions affects the price of shares of the acquiring company. Shareholders of the acquiring company experience a short-term increase in the value of their assets at the time of the announcement of a merger and acquisition transaction. 2. Return or loss of the price of shares of acquiring companies generated at the time of announcement of a merger and acquisition transaction may be explained not only by characteristics of the transaction or the company, but also by the attributes of the country of registration of the acquiring company. 3. Shareholders of the acquiring company experience a greater short-term increase in the value of their assets, when a company originating in a country, which accessed the EU in 2004 and later, is acquired or merged. 4. Shareholders of the acquiring company experience a greater short-term increase in the value of their assets, when merger and acquisition transactions are concluded in cross-border rather than domestic market. 5. Cultural and institutional differences between the host (inward) country of origin generate the increase in the share price at the time of announcement of the transaction. 6. Shareholders of the acquiring company enjoy greater benefits in a common law country than shareholders of a firm of a civil law country.

Mergers and acquisitions of companies are an important component of economic strategies and strategies of management of cross-border companies in changing global markets Performed research has 6 major implications. 1. Announcement of merger and acquisition transactions affects the price of shares of the acquiring company. Shareholders of the acquiring company experience a short-term increase in the value of their assets at the time of the announcement of a merger and acquisition transaction. 2. Return or loss of the price of shares of acquiring companies generated at the time of announcement of a merger and acquisition transaction may be explained not only by characteristics of the transaction or the company, but also by the attributes of the country of registration of the acquiring company. 3. Shareholders of the acquiring company experience a greater short-term increase in the value of their assets, when a company originating in a country, which accessed the EU in 2004 and later, is acquired or merged. 4. Shareholders of the acquiring company experience a greater short-term increase in the value of their assets, when merger and acquisition transactions are concluded in cross-border rather than domestic market. 5. Cultural and institutional differences between the host (inward) country of origin generate the increase in the share price at the time of announcement of the transaction. 6. Shareholders of the acquiring company enjoy greater benefits in a common law country than shareholders of a firm of a civil law country.

Mergers and acquisitions of companies are an important component of economic strategies and strategies of management of cross-border companies in changing global markets Performed research has 6 major implications. 1. Announcement of merger and acquisition transactions affects the price of shares of the acquiring company. Shareholders of the acquiring company experience a short-term increase in the value of their assets at the time of the announcement of a merger and acquisition transaction. 2. Return or loss of the price of shares of acquiring companies generated at the time of announcement of a merger and acquisition transaction may be explained not only by characteristics of the transaction or the company, but also by the attributes of the country of registration of the acquiring company. 3. Shareholders of the acquiring company experience a greater short-term increase in the value of their assets, when a company originating in a country, which accessed the EU in 2004 and later, is acquired or merged. 4. Shareholders of the acquiring company experience a greater short-term increase in the value of their assets, when merger and acquisition transactions are concluded in cross-border rather than domestic market. 5. Cultural and institutional differences between the host (inward) country of origin generate the increase in the share price at the time of announcement of the transaction. 6. Shareholders of the acquiring company enjoy greater benefits in a common law country than shareholders of a firm of a civil law country.

Mergers and acquisitions of companies are an important component of economic strategies and strategies of management of cross-border companies in changing global markets Performed research has 6 major implications. 1. Announcement of merger and acquisition transactions affects the price of shares of the acquiring company. Shareholders of the acquiring company experience a short-term increase in the value of their assets at the time of the announcement of a merger and acquisition transaction. 2. Return or loss of the price of shares of acquiring companies generated at the time of announcement of a merger and acquisition transaction may be explained not only by characteristics of the transaction or the company, but also by the attributes of the country of registration of the acquiring company. 3. Shareholders of the acquiring company experience a greater short-term increase in the value of their assets, when a company originating in a country, which accessed the EU in 2004 and later, is acquired or merged. 4. Shareholders of the acquiring company experience a greater short-term increase in the value of their assets, when merger and acquisition transactions are concluded in cross-border rather than domestic market. 5. Cultural and institutional differences between the host (inward) country of origin generate the increase in the share price at the time of announcement of the transaction. 6. Shareholders of the acquiring company enjoy greater benefits in a common law country than shareholders of a firm of a civil law country. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ee.30.2.21981

Mergers and acquisitions of companies are an important component of economic strategies and strategies of management of cross-border companies in changing global markets Performed research has 6 major implications. 1. Announcement of merger and acquisition transactions affects the price of shares of the acquiring company. Shareholders of the acquiring company experience a short-term increase in the value of their assets at the time of the announcement of a merger and acquisition transaction. 2. Return or loss of the price of shares of acquiring companies generated at the time of announcement of a merger and acquisition transaction may be explained not only by characteristics of the transaction or the company, but also by the attributes of the country of registration of the acquiring company. 3. Shareholders of the acquiring company experience a greater short-term increase in the value of their assets, when a company originating in a country, which accessed the EU in 2004 and later, is acquired or merged. 4. Shareholders of the acquiring company experience a greater short-term increase in the value of their assets, when merger and acquisition transactions are concluded in cross-border rather than domestic market. 5. Cultural and institutional differences between the host (inward) country of origin generate the increase in the share price at the time of announcement of the transaction. 6. Shareholders of the acquiring company enjoy greater benefits in a common law country than shareholders of a firm of a civil law country.