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"In an age where the global rules-based world order faces significant challenges to maintaining peace and stability—with world superpowers jockeying to preserve their influence across multiple theatres of conflict—this book explores the major international laws and treaties governing the process of peace and reconciliation. Focusing on the conflicts in Afghanistan, Palestine-Israel and Kashmir, it examines and analyses these conflicts through the prism of international law, humanitarian norms, treaties, and conventions, interspersed with insights from the Islamic legal tradition. An innovative approach to the problem of conflict resolution is applied by a) reviewing the jurisprudential sources and tools that are used in international and Islamic law, and b) using a comparative analysis to provide an assessment of whether these sources help or hinder—individually or collectively—the chances for peace and reconciliation in specific global conflict theatres. It also explores how by supplementing these legal tools using principles of Islamic peacebuilding along with a theo-diplomatic conflict reconciliation model could assist in the brokering of peaceful outcomes"--

Das Arbeitspapier 'Dienstleistungsforschung und Dienstleistungspolitik' hat sich zur Aufgabe gemacht, einen Überblick zu aktuellen internationalen (vor allem angloamerikanischen) Studien zur Dienstleistungsforschung zu geben. Dabei werden zwei Schwerpunkte gesetzt, die jeweils unterschiedliche disziplinäre und theoretische Traditionen zusammenfassen: Während sich die service science primär für die Frage interessiert, wie in der systematischen Integration ökonomischer und technologischer Kompetenzen unter Einbezug von Marketingperspektiven innovative Dienstleistungen zur Marktfähigkeit gebracht werden können, interessiert sich die service-work-Forschung unter Rückgriff auf kritisch-sozialwissenschaftliche Theorieansätze vor allem für die Arbeitsbedingungen von Dienstleistungsbeschäftigten am unteren Ende der beruflichen Statushierarchie. Aus beiden Teilsträngen der Dienstleistungsforschung lassen sich Folgerungen für die Weiterentwicklung von Dienstleistungspolitik ziehen. Diese Folgerungen werden im abschließenden Kapitel des Arbeitspapiers zur Diskussion gestellt

This article argues that studies of counter-hegemony and resistance in International Political Economy (IPE) have often ignored the cultural dimensions of anti-globalisation. We argue that a greater understanding of the elements needed for the articulation of counter-hegemony within IPE can be achieved through an engagement with the traditions inherent in the Birmingham School, and with the elements of Situationism contained within the anti-consumerist movement.

This research, under the Competition and Consumer Commission of Singapore inaugural Research Grant 2018, considers whether and how international standards, specifically those of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), can function as a catalyst or barrier to innovative entrepreneurship in Singapore. It also interrogates how private (and quasi-public regulation) affect competition and whether such barriers are anti-competitive. In essence, while innovation and entrepreneurship are necessary, they may not be sufficient in ensuring that a product or service is competitive and able to access export markets. The growing movement towards and the expectation of businesses engaging in responsible behaviour has led to more measures, public and private, to regulate businesses. These measures need not necessarily be legislative in nature but could include private means of regulation such as industry standards put in place by an industry association or standards such as those of the ISO. To this end, this research examines two ISO standards: ISO 26000:2010 (Guidance on Social Responsibility) and ISO 37001:2016 (Anti-Bribery Management Systems)The questions examined in this study are: 1. Does private regulation, such as through ISO standards, affect the exportability in goods and services when they have to comply with such standards in order to access markets? 2. Is private regulation a potential barrier to innovative entrepreneurship in Singapore? 3. Specifically, how could ISO 26000:2010 (Guidance on Social Responsibility) and ISO 37001:2016 (Anti-Bribery Management Systems) affect Singapore-based companies?The ISO standards can and does affect Singapore businesses in export markets should be closely studied for two reasons. First, Singapore businesses are very much reliant on export markets for their goods and services. Second, international standards are developing in areas that are not necessarily "technical" in the usual sense such as in social responsibility and anticorruption. These standards focus on the hows of a good or a service rather than the what (viz what can the product do, and does it meet the mandated specifications and regulations for use). The former attribute is not often given adequate attention when compared with the development of a product's specifications and the delivery of a service. It would appear that international standards and private regulation are shifting towards what can be described as "next generation" specifications that often go beyond how well a good or service can perform, to the impact of producing a product or delivering a service. The push for environmental, social and governance (ESG) concerns by stakeholders is growing and companies ignore them to their peril. In addition, the Covid-19 pandemic has added to the imperative and urgency of corporate reinvention that will focus more on the next generation of specifications.

To some extent, the early twentieth century revival of universal languages was the work of logicians and mathematicians. Pioneers of modern logic such as Frege, Russell and Peano wanted to overcome the diversity and deficiencies of natural languages. Through the rigour of formal logic, they aimed at providing scientific thinking with a reliable medium free from the ambiguity and inconsistencies of ordinary language. This article shows some interconnections between modern logic and the search for a common tongue that would unite scientists and people of all nations. The French mathematician and philosopher Louis Couturat is a key figure in understanding the interplay between these two movements. Through his work in composing the Ido language as an alternative to Esperanto, Couturat gave a new life to the Leibnizian idea of a universal characteristics. In addition, his multifaceted work provides a valuable insight into some political implications of early analytic philosophy.

This dissertation examines three distinctive issues that concern the regulators and policy makers in the development of financial markets. It contains three stand-alone research projects within the context of law, finance and economic growth. Chapter 2 examines the dynamic relationship between banks and economic growth from the points of view of market efficiency and asset pricing theory. Publicly traded banks are broadly representative of a country's banking sector, so that banking industry stock prices will broadly reflect the performance of a country's banking sector. Because previous research has established that the institutional framework, as well as the aggregate size, of the banking sector can significantly affect economic growth, this chapter investigates whether the stock returns on a country's banking sector contain information about future economic growth, and whether the specific country and institutional characteristics that affect the functioning of the banking system and market efficiency also influence this relationship. Using the data from 18 developed and 18 emerging markets, the chapter finds a significant and positive relationship between bank excess return and future economic growth in both the time-series and panel analyses. The chapter also finds that this positive relationship is significantly strengthened by the enforcement of insider trading law, by banking crises, by bank disclosure regulations and financial development, but is weakened by government ownership of banks. Chapter 3 investigates the role of bank idiosyncratic volatility in economic growth and systemic banking crises. Using the same dataset from Chapter 2, this chapter finds an ambiguous relationship between bank volatility and economic growth in the time-series studies, which suggests that the effect of bank volatility on economic growth is more country-specific. In the panel analyses, the chapter finds a negative but very weak relationship between bank volatility and future economic growth. This negative relationship is ...

"In den 200 größten Unternehmen weltweit entfiel im Juni 2004 nur etwa ein Zehntel aller Sitze in den Aufsichtsräten (Boards) auf Frauen. Hierzu gehören 22 Unternehmen mit einem Frauenanteil von mindestens 25 Prozent im Aufsichtsrat, darunter drei deutsche Unternehmen. Diese Positionierung geht allerdings ausschließlich auf die Entsendung von Frauen durch Arbeitnehmervertretungen zurück. In Deutschland ist in 72 der 100 größten Unternehmen mindestens ein Mitglied des Aufsichtsrats weiblich (7,5 Prozent der Sitze insgesamt); über 80 Prozent der Frauen erhielten auch hier ihr Mandat durch Arbeitnehmervertretungen. Diese für die Unternehmensleitung ernüchternde Bilanz ist nicht zuletzt eine Folge der im Vergleich zu Männern geringen Zahl von weiblichen Topführungskräften. Nach Unternehmensangaben haben Frauen gegenwärtig etwa ein Zehntel der Führungspositionen in Deutschland inne. Auch wenn es hier in der letzten Dekade in einigen Bereichen Fortschritte gegeben hat, so liegt eine auch nur annähernd gleiche Vertretung von Frauen und Männern noch in weiter Ferne. Angesichts der erheblichen gesellschaftlichen und demographischen Veränderungen ist es zur Sicherung der Wettbewerbsfähigkeit der deutschen Wirtschaft unerlässlich, das Potential an hochqualifizierten Frauen besser zu nutzen. Deshalb wird vorgeschlagen, eine hochrangige 'Glass Ceiling'-Kommission - ähnlich der in den USA - einzurichten, mit dem Ziel, die ökonomischen und gesellschaftlichen Konsequenzen der Problematik unter Beteiligung der Privatwirtschaft aufzuarbeiten sowie Empfehlungen für notwendige Maßnahmen und verbindliche Rahmenbedingungen zu entwickeln. Damit könnte ein Beitrag zur Überwindung der Barrieren für den Aufstieg von Frauen in Führungs- und Entscheidungspositionen geleistet werden." (Autorenreferat)

"A one-stop resource for understanding current International Financial Reporting Standards As the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) makes significant strides in achieving global convergence of accounting standards worldwide, the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) become extremely important to the accounting world. Wiley IFRS 2011 provides the necessary tools for understanding the IASB standards and offers practical guidance and expertise on how to use and implement them"--EBL

Evolving security discourse and crises in Africa : conceptual, policy and practical relevance / Jack Mangala -- New security threats : African and international perspectives -- The African Union and security in Africa / Jamila El Abdellaoui -- Refugees and internally displaced persons : from humanitarian to security paradigm / Jack Mangala -- Africa's responses to international terrorism and the war against It / Abdul Karim Bangura and Billie D. Tate -- Climate change and risk of conflict in Africa / Oli Brown and Alec Crawford -- Securing Africa's food security : current constraints and future options / Daniel Karanja -- Confronting Africa's health challenges / Jeremy Youde -- The international community and African Crises -- Darfur and the international community : state-building, self-determination, and "the responsibility to protect" / Mohamed Salih -- The international community and Congo's recent crises / John F. Clark -- International organizations and civil wars in Africa : the Liberian case / George Kieh -- International actors and Côte d'Ivoire's political and economic crises / Abdul Karim Bangura -- A crisis with an origin : proposing a framework for local and international engagement in Zimbabwe / Mambo Mupepi