Suchergebnisse

Nicaraguan migration to Costa Rica is one of the most salient cases of South-South migration in Latin America. Despite Costa Rica's self-representation as a peaceful and democratic society, Nicaraguan migrants in Costa Rica, the main foreign-born community in the country, are widely portrayed in derogatory terms, for example as violent and criminal and in general as "threatening Others" (Sandoval 2004). This chapter explores a set of examples of analyses of critical interventions – regarding immigration law, social imaginaries around which representations of Nicaraguans are framed, and participatory work carried out with impoverished communities – in order to reflect on the ways in which social sciences in Costa Rica attempt to intervene both in the everyday hostility of Costa Rican society and in the ways in which Nicaraguans contest that hostility. Responding to Michael Burawoy's call for a "public sociology" (2005, 2007), the chapter reflects on how debates around public social sciences could enrich the political, institutional, and conceptual location of migration studies in Costa Rica. ; UCR::Investigación::Unidades de Investigación::Ciencias Sociales::Instituto de Investigaciones Sociales (IIS)

"This book examines the specific forms of violence that children experience through their contact with the criminal justice system. Comprising contributions from leading scholars and practitioners in children's rights and youth justice, this book profiles evidence-based prevention strategies and case studies from around the world"--

Introduction: lessons of "the Birdman" -- Life by the numbers -- Denise Dodson -- Policies that drive life sentences -- Anita Colon and Robert Holbrook -- Doing life -- "Death is different" -- Sam Lewis -- The American commitment to punishment -- The meaning of life around the world -- William Underwood -- The racial meaning of life -- The meaning of life for criminal justice reform -- Kelly Garrett and Justin Singleton -- The meaning of life for public safety -- Enacting a twenty-year maximum sentence -- Willis X. Harris -- The future of life in America -- Author's note -- Acknowledgments -- Notes.

"There have been many heroes and victims in the battle to abolish the death penalty, and Marie Deans fits into both of those categories. A South Carolina native who yearned to be a fiction writer, Marie was thrust by a combination of circumstances, including the murder of her beloved mother-in-law, into a world much stranger than fiction, a world in which minorities and the poor were selected to be sacrificed to what Supreme Court Justice Harry Blackmun called the "machinery of death." Marie found herself fighting to bring justice to the legal process and to bring humanity not only to prisoners on death row but to the guards and wardens as well. During Marie's time as a death penalty opponent in South Carolina and Virginia, she experienced the highs of helping exonerate the innocent and the lows of standing death watch in the death house with thirty-four condemned men. "--

"The UN Special Rapporteur on Torture has denounced the use of solitary confinement beyond fifteen days as a form of cruel and degrading treatment that often rises to the level of torture. Yet the United States holds more than eighty thousand people in isolation on any given day. Now sixteen authors vividly describe the miserable realities of life in solitary. In a book that will add a startling new dimension to the debates around human rights and prison reform, former and current prisoners describe the devastating effects of solitary confinement on their minds and bodies, the solidarity expressed between individuals who live side by side for years without ever meeting one another face to face, the ever-present specters of madness and suicide, and the struggle to maintain hope and humanity. These firsthand accounts are supplemented by the writing of noted experts, exploring the psychological, legal, ethical, and political dimensions of solitary confinement, and a comprehensive introduction by James Ridgeway and Jean Casella. Sarah Shourd, herself a survivor of more than a year of solitary confinement, writes eloquently in a preface about an experience that changed her life. "--

"This eye-opening and well-researched companion to the first volume of Executing Democracy enters the death-penalty discussion during the debates of 1835 and 1843, when pro-death penalty Calvinist minister George Barrell Cheever faced off against abolitionist magazine editor John O'Sullivan. In contrast to the macro-historical overview presented in volume 1, volume 2 provides micro-historical case studies, using these debates as springboards into the discussion of the death penalty in America at large. Incorporating a wide range of sources, including political poems, newspaper editorials, and warring manifestos, this second volume highlights a variety of perspectives, thus demonstrating the centrality of public debates about crime, violence, and punishment to the history of American democracy. Hartnett's insightful assessment bears witness to a complex national discussion about the political, metaphysical, and cultural significance of the death penalty."--Publisher's website

"Metaphor is recognised as an important way of thinking - constructing analogies and making connections between ideas - and an important way of using language to explain abstract ideas or to find indirect but powerful ways of conveying feelings. By investigating people's use of metaphors, we can better understand their emotions, attitudes and conceptualisations, as individuals and as participants in social life. This book describes practice in the analysis of metaphor in real-world discourse. When real-world language use is taken as the site of metaphor study, researchers face methodological issues that have only recently begun to be addressed. The contributors to this volume have all had to find ways to deal with methodological issues in their own research and have developed techniques that are brought together here. Using as a basis the discourse dynamics approach to metaphor developed by the editor, the book explores links between theory and empirical investigation, exemplifies data analysis and discusses issues in research design and practice. Particular attention is paid to the processes of metaphor identification, categorisation and labelling, and to the use of corpus linguistic and other computer-assisted methods."--Publisher's description

While violence is often targeted at and experienced by bodies with different identities or appearance, studies of violence in social sciences research often neglect the body as a data source and site of analysis. This article makes an original contribution to the literature on visual methods in general and arts-based approaches specifically, by focusing on the understudied and underutilised method of body mapping. It is novel in developing techniques for using body mapping as a tool for seeing violent extremism in international politics. The approach here enables researchers to engage with a potentially difficult topic and interrogate the nuances of how violent extremism is understood, experienced and resisted at a local community level. In so doing, it produces a rich, original data set of 20 body maps, interviews and focus group discussions with 10 men and 10 women from Muslim communities from around the coast in Kenya created during two 5-day intensive body mapping workshops held in Mombasa in November 2019. This embodied storytelling challenges dominant ideas about violent extremism and makes visible otherwise marginalised and obscured personal narratives and lived experiences of violence. This is of fundamental importance because everyday violence and exclusion not only go unaddressed in the efforts to tackle violent extremism but are also exacerbated by the excessive security measures used by the government in its effort to counter the threat of groups such as Al-Shabaab. The techniques we develop in this article have significant advocacy potential and societal impact: body mapping creates a platform and a tool for highlighting and challenging everyday practices such as female genital mutilation, violence against women, discrimination, racism, police brutality, tribalism and marginalisation. It can also transcend linguistic and educational barriers to enable access to a diverse audience and create bridges between divided communities.

This article conducts a literature review and synthesis of social science research on biodiversity in the Cordillera of Northern Philippines. The area hosts key biodiversity sites that need protection and conservation but there is little understanding of the socio-cultural, economic and political dynamics that cause the loss of biodiversity and effective conservation. The review showed unequal distribution of social-science among the different sites in the Cordillera with concentration in urban areas. The reviewed materials showed a wide scope of topics, indicating that the social dimension of biodiversity conservation is complex and multidimensional. For social science research to better inform decision-making in biodiversity conservation, social scientists need to be aggressive and openly engaged with practitioners and local policy makers so that relevant research findings could penetrate biodiversity management practice. Partnership among universities and productive research groups could address the disproportionate distribution of research efforts across sites.

The dataset contains information on the number of new house buildings, reconstructions and retail sales (Einzelhandelsumsatz) on the national level for the years 1952 to 1989. For the years 1955 to 1989 the data also contains information on the canton (Bezirk) level. The information is based on the Statistical Yearbooks of the German Democratic Republic.

International audience ; L'utilité des sciences sociales pour faire face à l'épidémie à virus Ebola ne fait plus débat aujourd'hui. Dans les pays en situation épidémique, des chercheurs en sciences sociales (anthropologues et sociologues) ont été précocement associés à la réponse pour adapter les messages d'information vers la population, favoriser l'acceptation des décisions de santé publique (surveillance communautaire des cas suspects, isolement des cas confirmés, enterrements sécurisés, etc.), pour « humaniser » les pratiques de soins et les pratiques funéraires ; mais aussi pour évaluer les impacts sociaux de l'épidémie. Une expérience de la contribution des sciences sociales a été acquise dans l'action sur le terrain.Dans les pays voisins d'un foyer épidémique, les systèmes de santé tentent de prévenir une flambée épidémique tout en s'y préparant. Ils anticipent l'organisation de la réponse médicale pour prendre en charge les malades et limiter les transmissions en disposant des équipements, en formant le personnel médical, en définissant des espaces de soins, etc. Les connaissances empiriques acquises dans les pays les plus touchés permettent aux autres pays de se préparer mieux et plus vite, en améliorant la stratégie et les procédures. Les sciences sociales doivent être associées à cette préparation des systèmes de santé car désormais les épidémies « se précèdent elles-mêmes », au sens où la diffusion des interprétations et leurs effets sociaux précèdent celle du virus.Une des conséquences de l'accélération et de la globalisation des échanges d'informations est qu' avant même qu'un cas ne soit avéré dans une région ou un pays, des rumeurs, interprétations conspirationnistes (par exemple : c'est une maladie importée par les Occidentaux, c'est le vaccin qui inocule la maladie, etc.) ou des politiques (interférant avec les messages sanitaires destinés à la population), réactions xénophobes, revendications de fermeture des frontières ou refus des dispositifs de traitement sont déjà en place.De plus, la ...

Vincenzo Ruggiero reviews Critical Criminology and Literary Criticism by Rafe McGregor