On April 20, 2010, the International Court of Justice (ICJ) announced its judgment in a high-stakes environmental dispute between Argentina and Uruguay, concerning Uruguay's authorization for pulp mills on the banks of the Uruguay River, which forms the international boundary between the two countries.
The life and times of regional studies / Peter Vale -- The Association of South East Asian Nations / Lee Chong Kai -- Australia and the South Pacific forum / Philip McElligott -- The European Community / Jerome Heldring -- A form of regionalism and its challenges / Philippe Moreau-Defarges -- NATO today / Jonathan Alford -- A cultural analysis of regionalism in Latin-America / Roberto Escobar -- Regionalism, the Caribbean/Latin American experience / George Dhanny -- ECOWAS and other regional building blocks in West Africa / Helen Kitchen -- The Southern African Development Coordination Conference / B.V. Mancama -- South Africa's regional policy / Deon Geldenhuys.
Dossier spécial : Formations internationales ; International audience ; This paper presents a new international master curriculum in the field of information and control technologies (ICT) focused on industrial process automation (IPA). The education objectives are set according to the latest concepts developed in ICT for process automation, with clear specifications towards engineering and industry. The curriculum, expected learning outcomes and general and specific competencies are defined following some quality specifications issued at the European level. The organization and recognition issues for student exchange objectives between the European Union (EU) and the United States of America (US) are discussed. Finally, a feedback from the first years of the program provides some insights for the students' enrollment, projects definition and possible ways of curriculum improvement. The proposed program architecture, contents and pedagogic approach can serve as a motivation for new developments in Systems & ICT Master programs and related curriculum design.
Dossier spécial : Formations internationales ; International audience ; This paper presents a new international master curriculum in the field of information and control technologies (ICT) focused on industrial process automation (IPA). The education objectives are set according to the latest concepts developed in ICT for process automation, with clear specifications towards engineering and industry. The curriculum, expected learning outcomes and general and specific competencies are defined following some quality specifications issued at the European level. The organization and recognition issues for student exchange objectives between the European Union (EU) and the United States of America (US) are discussed. Finally, a feedback from the first years of the program provides some insights for the students' enrollment, projects definition and possible ways of curriculum improvement. The proposed program architecture, contents and pedagogic approach can serve as a motivation for new developments in Systems & ICT Master programs and related curriculum design.
Learn how to include multiculturalism in disability-related social work! International Perspectives on Disability Services: The Same but Different presents different cultural and societal contexts on services for people with disabilities. This book covers a range of topics on disabilities related to physical status, emotional conditions, and community settings. This useful introductory reference will help you develop culturally sensitive disability services both locally and overseas, and it will promote better understanding of people with disabilities. This book is a unique examination of se
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A review essay on books edited by (1) Michael W. Doyle & G. John Ikenberry, New Thinking in International Relations Theory (Boulder, CO: Westview, 1997); & (2) David A. Lake & Robert Powell, Strategic Choice and International Relations (Princeton, NJ: Princeton U Press, 1999). Adapted from the source document.
International audience ; This article brings up the consequences of international organisations' actions on Uzbek political institutions. These organisations, which are powerful in term of ideological and financial resources, play a new role in the local political game. The Uzbek government uses the international organisations' presence to legitimize the new independence. On the other hand, international organisations – as the European TACIS project which is analysed as a case study in this article – propose to support the government in implementing the necessary reforms. They present their projects as a simple technical intervention without any political commitment. Nevertheless, the TACIS project supporting the construction of the Academy of State, has an explicit political character. The project underlines European contradictions and the limits in its external actions. It is actually taken over by the local power games opposing regional factions. It has no influence over the rules of the political game, but instead of fulfilling its goal, it is used as a resource by one group in the organisation of political struggle. ; Cet article met en lumière les conséquences des actions menées par les Organisations internationales sur les institutions politiques ouzbekes. Ces organisations, qui sont puissantes en termes de ressources idéologiques et financières, jouent un rôle nouveau dans le jeu politique local. Le gouvernement ouzbek instrumentalise la présence des institutions internationales pour légitimer sa nouvelle indépendance. D'un autre côté, ces dernières comme par exemple le projet européen TACIS, qui est utilisé dans cet article comme un cas d'étude, proposent d'aider le gouvernement à la mise en œuvre des réformes nécessaires. Elles présentent leurs projets comme de simples interventions techniques sans objectifs politiques. Néanmoins, le projet TACIS qui soutient la construction d'une Académie nationale, a un caractère éminemment politique. Le projet souligne les contradictions européennes et les limites ...
AbstractThis paper examines how hockey is used to construct and demarcate the Canadian national community from external others, namely, the USA, Europe and Russia/USSR. The paper suggests popular nationalist narratives around the sport of hockey construct difference from external others in ways that place them in tension with state and corporate interests. Drawing on the concept of everyday nationalism, this article explores how the interplay between international competition, national identity and commercial sport has made hockey an ambiguous and contested national symbol in Canada.
International relations : still an American social science? -- International relations theory in France : three generations of Parisian intellectual pride -- International relations theory in Italy : between domestic academia and intellectual adjustment -- International relations theory in the Nordic countries : from fragmentation to multi-level research cooperation -- Third way or via media? The international society approach of the English school -- Middle ground or halfway house? Social constructivism and the theory of European integration -- The meaning of new medievalism : an exercise in theoretical reconstruction
Social insurance and other arrangements for funding health-care benefits often establish long-term relationships, effectively providing insurance against lasting changes in an individual's health status, engaging in burden-smoothing over the life cycle, and entailing additional elements of redistribution. International portability regarding this type of cover is, therefore, difficult to establish, but at the same time rather important both for the individuals affected and for the health funds involved in any instance of an international change in work place or residence. In this paper, full portability of health-cost cover is taken to mean that mobile individuals can, at a minimum, find comparable continuation of coverage under a different system and that this does not impose external costs or benefits on other members of the systems in the source and destination countries. Both of these aspects needs to be addressed in a meaningful portability framework for health systems, as lacking or incomplete portability may not only lead to significant losses in coverage for an individual who considers becoming mobile which may impede mobility that is otherwise likely to be beneficial. It may also lead to financial losses, or windfall gains, for sources of health-cost funding which can ultimately lead to a detrimental process of risk segmentation across national health systems. Against this background, even the most advanced sets of existing portability rules, such as those agreed upon multilaterally at the EU-level or laid down in bilateral agreements on social protection, appear to be untargeted, inconsistent and therefore potentially harmful, either for migrants or for health funds operated at both ends of the migration process, and hence for other individuals who are covered there.
The paper deals with the legal institute of transboundary environmental impact assessment and its application in concrete reality of international relations. The article starts from the recent judgment of the ICJ in the environmental dispute between Costa Rica and Nicaragua which was based on the analysis of the content, legal status and mode of application of this institute. The author firstly gives a brief overview of factual background and legal history of the dispute so as to enable the reader to understand the context of the judgment. The author points the climate and environmental factors that create the politically tense climate in the region. Then, the legal analysis of transboundary environmental impact assessment in general international law is given through the overview of legal scholarship, treaty norms and international jurisprudence. A separate section is devoted to the application of this institute in the branch of international law which regulates the use of international watercourses, since the crux of the dispute is about the usage of the shared San Juan river and its ecosystems. In the last part, the interpretation of this institute in the disposition of the judgment of the ICJ is given, and some examples of Court?s argumentation which represent a new understanding of some elements of this institute or which clear previous dilemmas concerning the modes of interpretation are presented. The author points out also that the Court has missed the opportunity to shed additional light on the mode of application of this institute in the emergency cases on the territory of the state which is under an obligation to apply it. The article concludes with the statement that the judgment in the dispute between Costa Rica and Nicaragua has on the whole contributed to the established status of this institute as the norm of general international law, however, it still stands for further legal practice to define the precise contents of the procedure for its application.
The research purpose was to investigate factors that affect Sales of International Solar Mini-Grids in Tanzania Mainland. The motivation for the study was because there was evidence of a decline in sales of International Solar Mini-Grids in Mwanza, Dar es Salaam, and Arusha regions. The study used a sample size of 70 respondents, a cross-section survey, primary data, and secondary data. The study used the mixed methods research design. Multiple linear regression was employed in quantitative data analysis with the aid of SPSS. Thematic analysis was conducted to derive themes from the qualitative data and information obtained was utilized to supplement the quantitative data. The study revealed that government policies, more specifically energy policy, significantly affect sales of International Solar Mini-Grids in Tanzania Mainland. In addition, the regulatory framework, particularly tariff, significantly affects sales of International Solar Mini-Grids. Also, customers' purchasing tendencies were significantly affecting the sales of International Solar Mini-Grids. The findings imply that ignoring the factors affecting sales of International Solar Mini-Grids in Tanzania Mainland might worsen the power sector and solar Mini-Grids sustainability. This work recommends that to foster the sales of International Solar Mini-Grids, the government should have a suitable energy policy and regulatory framework geared to enhance the marketability of electricity and enhance customer purchase. The study contributes to knowledge by offering empirical evidence on renewable energy that will be of paramount importance to other renewable energy stakeholders.
