Suchergebnisse

This dissertation aims to provide a history of dispossession in China from 1927 to 1979. It discusses the ways the property politics in the Nationalist and Socialist regimes have shaped the urban development of a Chinese city, Nanjing. Drawing upon the insights of Michel Foucault's governmentality studies, this dissertation tries to make sense of the shifts in relations between knowledge, power, and subjectivity in China's management of urban property, urban spaces, and urban population.The studied period from 1927 to 1979 marked the transition from sovereignty to governmentality in China. In western liberal societies, this transition was characterized by the limitation of state power and the increasing protection of individual rights. Curiously, in China, the growth and expansion of governmentality was accompanied by massive property dispossession. To examine the co-evolution of modern statehood and modern subjectivity in China, I have identified four dispossession practices adopted or invented during the studied period: eminent domain, slum clearance, socialist transformation, and communization. By studying these practices and the logic that informs them, this dissertation seeks to understand the significant shifts in how logic and objects of government are understood and acted upon, due to changing political rationality in modern China. It argues that the Chinese governmentality and the psychological, biological, sociological, and economic processes that constitute them are property-related. The control of real property has been considered by both the Nationalist Government and the Socialist Government as prerequisite to the production of governable subjects and governable spaces. This dissertation analyzes this property-based governmentality in terms of: (1) how reality of modern China was translated into governmental thoughts leading to the state monopoly of real property, and how these thoughts were rationalized; (2) how thoughts about governing real property were turned into practices, and what technologies and techniques of governments were adopted or invented to achieve these goals; (3) how the government of real property had at the same time rendered the Chinese population governable; and (4) the production of new governable spaces out of dispossession.This dissertation concludes that the Nationalist and the Socialist regimes have different political rationalities, which produced two kinds of property politics respectively: "biopolitics" and "biographic politics." The first, "biopolitics," concerns the politicization of biological life. Under "biopolitics," the objective for property-government is to produce a sanitary urban environment so as to maintain the biological welfare of the population. The second one, "biographic politics," concerns the socio-political biography of individuals. Under "biographic politics," the objective for property-government is to remove property privileges from the people with particular biographies in the perspective of the state. Corresponding to this shift, city planning and property redistribution were employed in the two political regimes, respectively, as the main technologies of government to manage urban property, urban spaces, and the urban population.

This manual is a participatory methods guide (1) to assist those involved with multiple stakeholder situations or groups to appreciate and acknowledge the relevance and impact of micro-politics on stakeholder relations and resultant cooperative behaviour in these groups; (2) to provide a simple and systematic approach or framework to gather and analyse data on micro-politics among multiple stakeholders; (3) to highlight and offer practical suggestions for dealing with some of the methodological issues that influence gathering data on politics and relations among stakeholders; (4) to suggest some methods drawn from participatory methodologies like Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) and Participatory Action Research (PAR) that can be used in data gathering. Data from two sites in Zimbabwe are presented at various stages and the annexes to illustrate how this framework can be applied and show the type of data that can be gathered.

Judicial power and national politics in Israel : religious-secular conflict -- Women's movement mobilization -- The irony of State incorporation -- Cause lawyers and judicial community -- A new high court mission -- Social movements and changing language of the court

Examines the exercise of power in the Stalinist music world as well as the ways in which composers and ordinary people responded to it. A comparative inquiry into the relationship between music and politics in the German Democratic Republic and Poland from the aftermath of World War II through Stalin's death in 1953, concluding with the slow process of de-Stalinization in the mid-to-late 1990s. This book examines the exercise of power in the Stalinist music world as well as the ways in which composers and ordinary people responded to it. It presents a comparative inquiry into the relationship between music and politics in the German Democratic Republic and Poland from the aftermath of World War II through Stalin's death in 1953, concluding with the slow process of de-Stalinization in the mid- to late-1950s.

Ghanaian cultural norms, verbal and non-verbal expressions, gender stereotypes, and male dominance are real propaganda that discourages women from engaging in local politics. This paper draws from the dominant ideology, development approach and gender power relations to reveal efforts to motivate aspiring women politicians to engage local government administration. In-depth interviews and focus group discussions were used in collating the data. The study findings showed that male and female assembly members resisted derogatory pronouncements. The actions were to encourage more women to contest district assembly elections and win. The male assembly members suggested ways to encourage women in their electoral areas to participate in local politics influenced the near deconstruction of the myths. These myths included male dominance surrounding discriminatory predispositions against aspiring women politicians in Ghana.

Many have dismissed the military-controlled transition to "democracy" in Burma as a sham that will only further entrench military rule. Others, however, view it as an opportunity to break the army's long-standing stranglehold on power and start a process of gradual reform. The present article considers the transition from a strategic perspective. After briefly revisiting the history of military rule in Burma, it examines the politics of the transition and considers possible scenarios in the short, medium, and longer term. It concludes that, although the military clearly has no intentions of surrendering control of the government, new political leaders, institutions, and processes might open opportunities to improve governance and, over time, transform politics, especially if democrats play their cards right. (Crit Asian Stud/GIGA)

World politics is rife with complex controversial issues. A time-honored method of teaching controversies & skills of critical analysis is educational debate. This study seeks to acquaint educators of world politics with methodology of educational debate & provide practical recommendations on how to make this method of instruction a success. It focuses on challenges to functional debate -- difficulties with motivating students to think critically & assessing them reliably, engaging all students in debates & maintaining rapport in the classroom, selecting appropriate topics for debates & economizing instructor's preparation time -- & suggests approaches for tackling the barriers to this instructional technique. The practical recommendations proposed in the study have been validated in the research literature & evidence collected in the introductory international relations classes by means of action research. Tables, References. Adapted from the source document.

AbstractOne of the central issues in Latin American political history is the role played by oligarchies. In the case of Brazil, students of oligarchy have focused on elite family networks and coronelismo, the often violent manifestation of oligarchic politics at the local level. Drawing on the substantial body of literature on the family in Latin America, this essay proposes an interpretation of oligarchical politics in which changing family structures interacted in new political and economic contexts to produce distinctive types of oligarchy in a sequential rather than synchronic or functional manner. The dominance of traditional elite families on the Brazilian frontier was challenged during periods of social and economic change, resulting in the rise of transitional and new oligarchies with substantially different socioeconomic origins, career paths, and family structures.

In E-cigarettes and the Comparative Politics of Harm Reduction: History, Evidence and Policy, Virginia Berridge, Ronald Bayer, Amy L. Fairchild and Wayne Hall scrutinise the history underlying the current debate over electronic cigarettes. Exploring the reasons for contrasting public health approaches to nicotine use in the US, UK and Australia, this edited volume makes an important contribution to the discourse on e-cigarette policy and … Continued

Through mapping the provision of teaching gender and sexuality studies on politics/political science and international relations (IR) programmes, this article asserts that the top-ranked politics and IR departments in the UK offer very little provision of such teaching. We argue that this lack of gender and, more so, sexuality teaching is highly problematic for the discipline. Moreover, we suggest that the lack of such provision is not reflective of staff research interests, potentially not reflective of the market (i.e. students), works against the trend of mainstreaming gender, and is problematic in the wider sense in that gender and sexuality are rendered invisible or as trivial matters. Overall, then, this article contends that curricula in politics and IR departments work to perpetuate the idea that the 'personal is not political', thereby defining the parameters of the discipline in both a narrow and inaccurate way.

Frontmatter -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction Framing the Sexual Subject -- Part One: Bodies, Cultures, and Identities -- Chapter One. Bodyplay -- Chapter Two. Masculinity in Indonesia -- Chapter Three. Male Homosexuality and Seropositivity -- Part Two: Sex, Gender, and Power -- Chapter Four. Sexual Rights -- Chapter Five. Cross-National Perspectives on Gender and Power -- Chapter Six. Gender Stereotypes and Power Relations -- Chapter Seven. AIDS, Medicine, and Moral Panic in the Philippines -- Chapter Eight. Survival Sex and HIV/AIDS in an African City -- Chapter Nine. Cultural Regulation, Self-Regulation, and Sexuality -- Chapter Ten. Gendered Scripts and the Sexual Scene -- Afterword The Production of Knowledge on Sexuality in the AIDS Era -- Contributors -- Index

Abstrak Pemilihan umum kepala daerah atau pemilukada seharusnya menjadi tahapan penting dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat dan bernegara, karena dalam pemilukada ini, masyarakat terlibat atau dilibatkan sebagai unsur fundamental yang menentukan berjalannya demokrasi. Demokrasi akan terjaga kesuciannya di tangan penyelenggara pemilukada dan rakyat. Salah satu kejahatan politik dan penyimpangan hukum yang menodai citra pesta demokrasi adalah politik uang (money politics). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis yuridis praktik politik uang yang dilakukan oleh elit politik dengan tujuan membeli suara masyarakat dan bentuk perilaku politikus merusak bangunan pemerintahan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dilengkapi dengan pendekatan analisis, konseptual, dan komparatif dengan mengutamakan data sekunder dengan analisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penyebab praktik politik uang yang dilakukan oleh elit politik dengan tujuan membeli suara masyarakat, antara lain: uang menjadi akar problematika dan kerusakan bangunan pemerintahan dan demokrasi, dankekuatan praktik suap-menyuap, sudah memasuki pori-pori atau jaringan terdalam kehidupan masyarakat terbukti, baik untuk memperjuangkan dan menuai nilai-nilai kebaikan, keadilan, dan harkat kemanusiaan. Kata Kunci: kejahatan politik uang, pemilihan umum kepala daerah, konstruksi pemerintahan AbstractRegional head elections should be an important stage in the life of society and the state, because in this regional head election, the community is involved or involved as a fundamental element that determines the running of democracy. The sanctity of democracy will be maintained in the hands of regional head election organizers and the people. One of the political diseases and legal irregularities that has tarnished the image of a democratic party is money politics. This study aims to analyze the juridical practice of money politics carried out by political elites with the aim of buying public votes and the form of politicians' behavior in destroying government buildings. The research method used is normative legal research equipped with analytical, conceptual, and comparative approaches by prioritizing secondary data with qualitative analysis. The results showed that the causes of money politics practiced by political elites with the aim of buying people's votes, among others: money is the root of the problem and damage to government and democratic buildings, and the power of the practice of bribery, has entered the pores or the deepest network of people's lives, is proven, both to fight for and to reap the values of goodness, justice and human dignity.Keywords: money politics crimes, regional head elections, government construction.

The Poetics and Politics of Tuareg Aging: Life Course and Personal Destiny in Niger. Susan J. Rasmussen Dekalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 1997. 188 pp.

Intro -- Half Title -- Series Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Abbreviations -- Introduction -- The Turkish-Kurdish conflict and the PKK -- Existing research on women fighters in general -- Existing research on Kurdish women fighters -- Designing the project behind the book -- Chapter 1: Women's childhood experiences of double otherness -- 1.1. The significance of mother tongue and school life -- 1.2. The becoming of otherness -- 1.3. The effect of the ongoing liberation struggle -- 1.4. Diversity in the relationship with parents: The formation of gender identity -- 1.5. Gender-based upbringing and the importance of honour -- 1.6. The PKK's takeover of the honour discourse -- Summary -- Chapter 2: Detachments and reorientations in a three-generational perspective -- 2.1. The meaning of 'waking up' -- 2.1.1. Admission to university as a springboard to an independent life outside the family -- 2.1.2. University studies as a springboard to the PKK -- 2.1.3. The PKK's struggle as a factor in the awakening -- 2.1.4. The awakening in the diaspora and the creation of belonging in the light of martyrs -- 2.2. Other contributing factors for going to the mountains -- 2.2.1. From the meaningless to the meaningful life -- 2.2.2. From 'the lowlands' to the mountains -- 2.2.3. Role models inspire a move to the mountains -- 2.3. The importance of gender for participation in the movement across generations -- 2.3.1. The three generations -- 2.3.2. The first generation: Women in the PKK -- 2.3.3. The second generation: From being ordinary members to becoming women fighters -- 2.3.4. The third generation: From women fighters to women cadres implementing new ideals -- 2.3.5. The generational conflict and differences between women fighters -- Summary.

With an extensive and rigorous analysis of conservation and environmental governance, this book provides a new approach to understanding biodiversity conservation's political and state building impacts in postcolonial Africa and challenges our understanding of conservation as only an ecological or environmental endeavor.