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A study of the largely hidden world of primary media market research and the different methods used to understand how the viewer is pictured in the industry. The first book on the intersection between market research and media, Creating the Viewer takes a critical look at media companies' studies of television viewers, the assumptions behind these studies, and the images of the viewer that are constructed through them. Justin Wyatt examines various types of market research, including talent testing, pilot testing, series maintenance, brand studies, and new show "ideation," providing examples from a range of programming including news, sitcoms, reality shows, and dramas. He looks at brand studies for networks such as E!, and examines how the brands of individuals such as showrunner Ryan Murphy can be tested. Both an analytical and practical work, the book includes sample questionnaires and paths for study moderators and research analysts to follow. Drawn from over fifteen years of experience in research departments at various media companies, Creating the Viewer looks toward the future of media viewership, discussing how the concept of the viewer has changed in the age of streaming, how services such as Netflix view market research, and how viewers themselves can shift the industry through their media choices, behaviors, and activities

A history of San Francisco that studies change in the postwar urban landscape in relation to the city's queer culture. The City Aroused is a lively history of urban development and its influence on queer political identity in postwar San Francisco. By reconstructing the planning and queer history of waterfront drinking establishments, Damon Scott shows that urban renewal was a catalyst for community organizing among racially diverse operators and patrons with far-reaching implications for the national gay rights movement. Following the exclusion of suspected homosexuals from the maritime trades in West Coast ports in the early 1950s, seamen's hangouts in the city came to resemble gay bars. Local officials responded by containing the influx of gay men to a strip of bars on the central waterfront while also making plans to raze and rebuild the area. This practice ended when city redevelopment officials began acquiring land in the early 1960s. Aided by law enforcement, they put these queer social clubs out of business, replacing them with heteronormative, desexualized land uses that served larger postwar urban development goals. Scott argues that this shift from queer containment to displacement aroused a collective response among gay and transgender drinking publics who united in solidarity to secure a place in the rapidly changing urban landscape

2024 Roberto Reis Book Prize, First Book category, Brazilian Studies Association How disenfranchised Black Brazilians use hip-hop to reinvigorate the Black radical tradition. Known as Black Rome, Salvador da Bahia, Brazil, is a predominantly Black city. The local art, food, and dance are closely linked to the population's African roots. Yet many Black Brazilian residents are politically and economically disenfranchised. Bryce Henson details a culture of resistance and activism that has emerged in response, expressed through hip-hop and the social relations surrounding it. Based on years of ethnographic research, Emergent Quilombos illuminates how Black hip-hop artists and their circles contest structures of anti-Black racism by creating safe havens and alternative social, cultural, and political systems that serve Black people. These artists valorize and empower marginalized Black peoples through song, aesthetics, media, visual art, and community action that emphasize diasporic connections, ancestrality, and Black identifications in opposition to the anti-Black Brazilian nation. In the process, Henson argues, the Salvador hip-hop scene has reinvigorated and reterritorialized a critical legacy of Black politicocultural resistance: quilombos, maroon communities of Black fugitives who refused slavery as a way of life, gathered away from the spaces of their oppression, protected their communities, and nurtured Black life in all its possibilities

An insight into the struggles of paid domestic workers in Latin America through an exploration of films, texts, and digital media produced since the 1980s in collaboration with them or inspired by their experiences. Paid domestic work in Latin America is often undervalued, underpaid, and underregulated. Exploring a wave of Latin American cultural texts since the 1980s that draw on the personal experiences of paid domestic work or intimate ties to domestic employees, Paid to Care offers insights into the struggles domestic workers face through an analysis of literary testimonials, documentary and fiction films, and works of digital media. From domestic workers' experiences of unionization in the 1980s to calls for their rights to be respected today, the cultural texts analyzed in Paid to Care provide additional insight into public debates about paid domestic work. Rachel Randall examines work made in Brazil, Argentina, Chile, Mexico, Peru, and Uruguay. The most recent of these texts respond to the Covid-19 pandemic, which put many domestic workers' health and livelihoods at risk. Engaging with the legal histories of domestic work in multiple distinct national contexts, Randall demonstrates how the legacy of colonialism and slavery shapes the profession even today. Focusing on personal or coproduced cultural representations of domestic workers, Paid to Care explores complex ethical issues relating to consent, mediation, and appropriation

Puts forward a bold, polemical interpretation of democracy as an emancipatory political project through the work of Jacques Rancière, Claude Lefort and Miguel AbensourFor the first time in a single volume, this book carefully assembles, introduces and critically evaluates some of the most important strains of the political thought of Jacques Rancière, Claude Lefort and Miguel Abensour specifically tailored for the English reader and student of social and political theoryThrough a series of detailed exegetical studies of important primary sources, this book cultivates a bold, polemical interpretation of democracy as an emancipatory political project irreducible to a form of government, collection of institutions or State-formSituating its analysis in the context of the history of political philosophy and integrating a breadth of recent scholarship, this book contributes to a range of fiercely debated topics in the current academic literature on democracy and political theory (including domination and emancipation; democratisation and social transformation; anarchy, indeterminacy and social contingency; the identity of the demos or political subject; the nature and function of political philosophy; the symbolic constitution of society; rule, government and governmentality; the State and its forms; the continuity between ancient and modern democracy)This book explores an often neglected current in contemporary French political thought that challenges the limits of the concept of democracy. It situates the projects of Jacques Rancière, Claude Lefort and Miguel Abensour in relation to each other, as well as to the larger philosophical question of the nature of democracy itself. In doing so, Bryan Nelson illuminates democracy's potential as a profound emancipatory and transformative project, offering an unprecedented challenge to modes of domination, strategies of inequality and hierarchies of all kinds. Against prevailing interpretations, the author draws on the central concepts, problems and polemics in the works of Rancière, Lefort and Abensour to develop a bold conception of democracy that allows us to rethink its character, power and broader social and political

Interrogates how the images of migrants and refugees effect the legitimacy of legal changes in the area of migration lawAnalyses the relationship between typical depictions of migrants and affective response of the viewers to these imagesExamines 5 selected archetypal migrant figures: the 'genuine' and 'bogus' asylum seeker, the mass, the invisible illegal, the other and the innocentExamines the relationship between legal interpretation, decision making and policy makingCompares perspectives from Australia, Europe and the USAIncludes 10 illustrations used by sources such as the Australian Government, electoral campaigns and major news sourcesThis book analyses the dominant imagery related to migration and illustrates how framing of migrants as subjects viewed through the lens of the host gaze positions them for exclusion and marginalisation. It focuses on comparative sources derived from public and media visual campaigns focusing on migration issues. It illustrates how the ethical gap that the host-centric way of looking creates results in the growing suspicion of the migrant and how this ethical gap broadens and impacts on the legal exclusion of migrants as legal subjects

Explores the relationship between television and deathA transnational, historically wide-ranging study of death on televisionThe first study to think about the posthumousness of television and how TV provides access to the deadCombines analyses of contemporary popular dramas and more obscure archival treasuresAnalyses the burgeoning trend for the representation of death, dying, grief, and death-related trauma on televisionOf interest to scholars of television and those situated in the growing field of death studiesIntertwines analysis of television programmes with interviews from key producers of/participants in death-related programmingTelevision/Death intertwines the study of death, dying and bereavement on television with discussion of the ways that television (and the TV archive) provides access to the dead.Section One looks at the representation of death, dying and the afterlife on television, in historical and contemporary factual television (from around the world) and in US television drama.Section Two focuses on dramas of grief and bereavement and discusses how the long form seriality and narrative complexity of television, from family melodramas to the ghost serial, allows for an emotionally realist representation of experiences of grief, bereavement and death-related trauma.Finally, Section Three proposes that television has been overlooked in critical analyses of recorded sounds' and images' propensity to 'bring back the dead'. It argues that television is the posthumous medium par excellence and looks at how the dead return via incorporation into new television programmes or through projects to bring television out of the archive

Combines empirical data and original analysis to offer a uniquely detailed account of Christianity in Western and Northern EuropeDedicates 18 chapters to Christianity in all of the countries of Western and Northern Europe, from the three large countries of Germany, France and the UK to the smaller territories of Liechtenstein, Monaco and the Faroe Islands, with attractive presentations of statistical and demographic informationLooks at each of the major denominations in turn, from Anglicans to Orthodox and from Protestants to Pentecostals Explores key themes as they relate to the region such as faith and culture, secularisation, theology, gender, inter-religious relations, diaspora churches and the European UnionWritten by local scholars with expertise in their fieldAlthough the origins of Christianity lie in the Near East, Europe and Christianity have an exceptional relationship, since most Europeans perceive Christianity as a Western – more precisely, as a European – religion. The region has seen rapid social change in the 21st century, set off by factors including energy crisis and environmental awareness, poverty and exclusion, falling birthrates and increased migration, changing attitudes to sexuality, gender and family life, and challenges to Europe's idea of itself and place in the global order. Amidst all this flux, this volume focuses on one particular issue: the rapidly changing profile of the Christian faith that has shaped the life of the European continent for a millennium and more.At a time when patterns of Christian life and worship appear to be dying out, yet traces of new life are also appearing, this volume maps out the current reality of Christianity in Western and Northern Europe with all its questions and uncertainties

Traces changing approaches to governing migrants in the Ottoman Empire during the global era of mass migration through the term muhacir (migrant)Presents the first exhaustive study of late-Ottoman migration management in EnglishHighlights the importance of migrant and refugee settlement within Ottoman reform Enhances understanding of global and Middle East migration regimesIlluminates the emergence of refugee administration from a historical perspectiveProvides a case study of historical trends in migration management, migration regimes and state-buildingHow do terms used to describe migration change over time? How do those changes reflect possibilities of inclusion and exclusion? Ella Fratantuono places the governance of migrants at the centre of Ottoman state-building across a 60-year period (1850–1910) to answer these questions. She traces the significance of the term muhacir (migrant) within Ottoman governance during this global era of mass migration, during which millions of migrants arrived in the empire, many fleeing from oppression, violence and war.Rather than adopting the familiar distinction between coerced and non-coerced migration, Fratanuono explores how officials' use of muhacir captures changing approaches to administering migrants and the Ottoman population. By doing so, she places the Ottoman experience within a global history of migration management and sheds light on how six decades of governing migration contributed to the infrastructures and ideology essential to mass displacement in the empire's last decade

Uncovers the Italian peninsula's legacy as a bridge between Europe, North Africa and the Middle EastTraces the stories of families from the Italian peninsula as they navigated culture and conflict in the shared pursuit of commercial exchangeAnalyses of the lives of the Pisans, Genoese, Venetians, Florentines, Livornans, the so-called Levantines (gli levantini), and the Risorgimento-era Italian citizensSheds lights on how present-day Europe, especially Italy, is still coming to terms with its past connections with the Middle East, North Africa, and Asia in debates about EU trade agreements, borders, immigration, politics and culture Italy and the Islamic World tells the story of how Italian cities have been centres of international exchange for centuries, linking Europe with the most storied marketplaces of the Middle East and North Africa. From the Ancient Roman period and the Renaissance to the rise of the Italian Republic, Italy has been a global crossroads for more than two millennia. In Ali Humayun Akhtar's new picture of European history, Italy's debates about trade with its southern neighbours evoke an earlier era of encounters – one that sheds light on where the EU is heading today.Beginning with the fall of Ancient Rome and the rise of the Papal State, Ali Humayun Akhtar traces the stories of merchants and diplomats among the peninsula's Pisans, Genoese, Venetians, Florentines and Livornans as they navigated cultural difference in pursuit of commerce and adventure. Their stories offer a colourful picture of the connections between the peninsula and the Islamic world that survived the turmoil of Napoleon's conquests and two World Wars. By the 20th century, following the Italian Unification (Risorgimento), Livorno and Cairo became cultural centres of Italian-speaking Roman Catholic, Greek and Jewish communities who navigated democratic revolutions and new discourses around nationhood

Presents groundbreaking research on transnational repression and its effects on diasporas and dissidents in the 21st centuryPresents cutting-edge research by leading experts across political science, sociology, law, digital and area studies on transnational repressionOffers detailed case studies analysis from 10 countries around the world, including Russia, China, Turkey, the Philippines, Egypt, Eritrea and Italy Demonstrates how authoritarian states engage in transnational repression and how such practices affect exiled citizens' rights and their freedoms across the worldProvides recommendations and best practices for scholars, institutions and human rights advocates to better defend diaspora communities and democracies from authoritarian transnational repressionBringing together leading scholars, this volume is the first of its kind to address the growing global phenomenon of transnational repression in a comparative perspective. Authoritarian regimes in places like China, Russia and Saudi Arabia are infamous for cracking down on domestic opposition movements and democracy activists at home. And, in our age of globalisation, migration and technological development, dictators are increasingly able to extend their authoritarian power over their critics abroad. Using tactics that include surveillance, coercion, harassment and physical violence, transnational repression threatens the lives of democracy defenders, the basic rights of diaspora members and the rule of law in host states

An unvarnished portrait of gentrification in an underprivileged, majority-minority small cityNewburgh is a small postindustrial city of some twenty-eight thousand people located sixty miles north of New York City in the Hudson River Valley. Like many other similarly sized cities across America, it has been beset with poverty and crime after decades of decline, with few opportunities for its predominantly minority residents. Sixty Miles Upriver tells the story of how Newburgh started gentrifying, describing what happens when White creative professionals seek out racially diverse and working-class communities and revealing how gentrification is increasingly happening outside large city centers in places where it unfolds in new ways.As New York City's housing market becomes too expensive for even the middle class, many urbanites are bypassing the suburbs and moving to smaller cities like Newburgh, where housing is affordable and historic. Richard Ocejo takes readers into the lives of these newcomers, examining the different ways they navigate racial difference and inequality among Newburgh's much less privileged local residents, and showing how stakeholders in the city's revitalization reframe themselves and gentrification to cast the displacement they cause to minority groups in a positive light.An intimate exploration of the moral dilemma at the heart of gentrification, Sixty Miles Upriver explains how progressive White gentrifiers justify controversial urban changes as morally good, and how their actions carry profound and lasting consequences for vulnerable residents of color

How to sustain an international system of cooperation in the midst of geopolitical struggleCan the international economic and legal system survive today's fractured geopolitics? Democracies are facing a drawn-out contest with authoritarian states that is entangling much of public policy with global security issues. In Global Discord, Paul Tucker lays out principles for a sustainable system of international cooperation, showing how democracies can deal with China and other illiberal states without sacrificing their deepest political values. Drawing on three decades as a central banker and regulator, Tucker applies these principles to the international monetary order, including the role of the U.S. dollar, trade and investment regimes, and the financial system.Combining history, economics, and political and legal philosophy, Tucker offers a new account of international relations. Rejecting intellectual traditions that go back to Hobbes, Kant, and Grotius, and deploying instead ideas from David Hume, Bernard Williams, and modern mechanism-design economists, Tucker describes a new kind of political realism that emphasizes power and interests without sidelining morality. Incentives must be aligned with values if institutions are to endure. The connecting tissue for a system of international cooperation, he writes, should be legitimacy, creating a world of concentric circles in which we cooperate more with those with whom we share the most and whom we fear the least

How local contexts help us understand why White voters in America's heartland are shifting to the rightOver the past several decades, predominantly White, postindustrial cities in America's agriculture and manufacturing center have flipped from blue to red. Cities that were once part of the traditional Democratic New Deal coalition began to vote Republican, providing crucial support for the electoral victories of Republican presidents from Reagan to Trump. In How the Heartland Went Red, Stephanie Ternullo argues for the importance of place in understanding this rightward shift, showing how voters in these small Midwestern cities view national politics—whether Republican appeals to racial and religious identities or Democrat's appeals to class—through the lens of local conditions.Offering a comparative study of three White blue-collar Midwestern cities in the run-up to the 2020 election, Ternullo shows the ways that local contexts have sped up or slowed down White voters' shift to the right. One of these cities has voted overwhelmingly Republican for decades; one swung to the right in 2016 but remains closely divided between Republicans and Democrats; and one, defying current trends, remains reliably Democratic. Through extensive interviews, Ternullo traces the structural and organizational dimensions of place that frame residents' perceptions of political and economic developments. These place-based conditions—including the ways that local leaders define their cities' challenges—help prioritize residents' social identities, connecting them to one party over another. Despite elite polarization, fragmented media, and the nationalization of American politics, Ternullo argues, the importance of place persists—as one of many factors informing partisanship, but as a particularly important one among cross-pressured voters whose loyalties are contested

A thought-provoking study of how knowledge of provenance was not transferred with enslaved people and goods from the Portuguese trading empire to Renaissance ItalyIn the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, Renaissance Italy received a bounty of ";goods"; from Portuguese trading voyages—fruits of empire that included luxury goods, exotic animals and even enslaved people. Many historians hold that this imperial ";opening up"; of the world transformed the way Europeans understood the global. In this book, K.J.P. Lowe challenges such an assumption, showing that Italians of this era cared more about the possession than the provenance of their newly acquired global goods. With three detailed case studies involving Florence and Rome, and drawing on unpublished archival material, Lowe documents the myriad occasions on which global knowledge became dissociated from overseas objects, animals and people. Fundamental aspects of these imperial imports, including place of origin and provenance, she shows, failed to survive the voyage and make landfall in Europe. Lowe suggests that there were compelling reasons for not knowing or caring about provenance, and concludes that geographical knowledge, like all knowledge, was often restricted and not valued.Examining such documents as ledger entries, journals and public and private correspondence as well as extant objects, and asking previously unasked questions, Lowe meticulously reconstructs the backstories of Portuguese imperial acquisitions, painstakingly supplying the context. She chronicles the phenomenon of mixed-ancestry children at Florence's foundling hospital; the ownership of inanimate luxury goods, notably those possessed by the Medicis; and the acquisition of enslaved people and animals. How and where goods were acquired, Lowe argues, were of no interest to fifteenth- and sixteenth-century Italians; possession was paramount