Suchergebnisse

Examines Quebec's struggles with a succession of Canadian political leaders, and opportunities for progress; suggests that most Quebecers wish to remain within a Canada that can make progressive compromises to protect the French language and culture.

The Indonesian family planning program has been running for over five decades. Until the present, the implementation of this program still generates debate over important policy issues. On June 14th, 2019, the Balinese provincial government released a new pro-natalist family planning policy No.1545 (Keluarga Berencana Krama Bali) to respond to the concerns from the national family planning program two-child policy success. What are the implications for Balinese women's position in response to the political and cultural policies that impact their reproductive rights? This study analyzes the tensions between the national family planning program's two-child policy and the recent local Balinese Keluarga Berencana Krama model by focusing on Balinese women's perspectives. Ethnographic research was conducted from January to February 2020 in Bali. This study indicates that the women's fertility decisions were constrained by patrilineal structures, economic stresses, and government population policies. Krama Bali, which encourages a four children model according to the Balinese naming system, complicates the triple burden impacts on Balinese women's agency. The new pro-natalist provincial policy explicitly prioritizes cultural values and indirectly exacerbates the pressure to produce inheriting sons. Balinese women had to choose between cultural preservation and economic considerations, which intensified the tensions between their productive, reproductive, and customary (adat) obligations. Internal and external pressures imposed upon the Balinese women participants have forced them to navigate conflicting economic, political, and cultural demands with varying degrees of agency.

Abstrak Institusionalisasi kebijakan dana kelurahan merupakan studi yang mempelajari tentang proses pelaksanaan terhadap kebijakan dana kelurahan yang telah ditetapkan pemerintah. Dana kelurahan dialokasikan pemerintah melalui Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 17 Tahun 2018 tentang Kecamatan dengan melihat keberhasilan yang dicapai dana desa dalam pembangunan dan pemberdayaan masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji dan menganalisis model institusionalisasi kebijakan dana kelurahan di Kecamatan Tempe Kabupaten Wajo. Tipe penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif yang memberikan gambaran faktual mengenai tujuan penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: pelaksanaan kebijakan dana kelurahan di Kecamatan Tempe Kabupaten Wajo sesuai dengan model institusionalisasi, yakni Rational Choice Institusionalism, Historical Institusionalism, Sosiologis Institusionalism, Discursive Institusionalism, dan Political Game. Kata Kunci: Institusionalisasi, Dana Kelurahan, Kebijakan, Wajo Abstract The Institutionalization of urban village fund policy is a study to learn about the implementation of the urban village fund policy process. The fund was allocated by the government through Government Regulation Number 17 of 2018 about Sub-Districts for the development of urban village/village facilities, infrastructure, and community empowerment by referring to the success of urban village/village funds. This study aimed to examine and analyze the institutionalization model of urban village fund policy in Tempe District of Wajo Regency. This research used qualitative approach to provide a factual picture of the research objectives. The results showed that the implementation of urban village fund policy in Tempe District of Wajo Regency fulfilled the institutionalization models namely Rational Choice Institutionalism, Historical Institutionalism, Sociological Institutionalism, Discursive Institutionalism, and Political Game. Keywords: Institutionalization, Village Fund, Policy, Wajo

El articulo trata de encontrar por un lado los motivos por los cuales la política exterior argentina se muestra como oscilante, pensando fundamentalmente en el último recambio institucional, y explorar algunas claves para explicar dicho fenómeno. La política exterior argentina ha pasado por distintas etapas y las últimas elecciones presidenciales han mostrado potenciales cambios en relación al futuro de esta agenda. El artículo comienza con una breve reseña de la política exterior implementada en el gobierno de Mauricio Macri, basada en un alineamiento con Estados Unidos, Europa Occidental y Japón como potencias mundiales. La siguiente sección presenta perspectivas analíticas para las agendas de política exterior. Posteriormente, el artículo presenta un análisis de los notables movimientos del gobierno de Mauricio Macri en política exterior. ; The article seeks to find the reasons why Argentina's foreign policy is shown to be oscillating, fundamentally thinking about the latest institutional change, and to explore some of the keys aspects of this event. Argentina's foreign policy has gone through different stages and the last presidential elections have shown potential changes regarding the future of this agenda. The article begins with a brief review of the foreign policy implemented in the government of Mauricio Macri, based on an alignment with the United States, Western Europe and Japan as world powers. The next section presents analytical perspectives for foreign policy agendas. Subsequently, the article presents an analysis of the notable movements of the government of Mauricio Macri in foreign policy. ; Instituto de Investigaciones en Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales

Village-owned enterprise is economic institutions at the village level that aims to manage the potential of the village and the villagers prosper which is managed by the Government of the village together with the community. Formation of the Village-owned enterprises carried out based on the aspirations of the community and Government consultation village. The purpose of this research is to know the implementation policy of the village-owned enterprise in the village of Tule Subdistrict Melonguane Talaud Islands Regency East. This research uses qualitative research methods, descriptive. Data collection techniques used are observation, interview and data collection with the document. To see how the implementation of the policy of the village-owned enterprise in the village of Tule Subdistrict Melonguane Talaud Islands Regency East. Researchers using four indicators: communication, resources, disposition and bureaucratic structure. Based on the results of this study stated that the implementation of the policy of the village-owned enterprise in the village of Tule Subdistrict Melonguane Talaud Islands Regency East haven't run well due to a lack of good communication, resources that have not been adequate, the absence of a commitment from implementers to implement policies and organizational structures that are not regular. Thus it can be concluded that the implementation of the policy of the village-owned enterprise in the village of Tule Subdistrict Melonguane Talaud Islands Regency East hasn't been going well.Keywords: Policy Implementation, Business Entity, The Village.

The Belgian government program "Integreo" is a large policy plan that aims at implementing integrated care for patients with multiple chronic conditions. Integrated health services are defined by WHO as: "the management and delivery of health services so that people receive a continuum of preventive and curative services according to their needs over time and across different levels of the health system". In practice,14 pilot projects will implement integrated care programs in local settings, involving various healthcare professionals to change the organization of care provision in specific networks. "Evidence-based guidelines" in care provision is presented as a key component of the policy plan. Yet it remains somewhat under-defined and problematic. Integrated care calls for patient-centered multidisciplinary coordination, while many "evidences" emanate from monodisciplinary settings, focusing on one pathology. According to policy documents, evidence-based guidelines should be assessable by standardized indicators, but they should also be adapted to the context in order to be operational and clear. Thus, to generate guidelines and change practices, evidences have to go through multiple translations among different groups of stakeholders: scientists, government authorities, healthcare practitioners. Furthermore, once established, evidence-based guidelines might clash with other key components of integrated care such as patient involvement. As part of the scientific team evaluating the pilot projects, I will observe the implementation of the policy plan and the interactions between its stakeholders. I will investigate how "evidence-based guidelines" unfold in the policy plan, in different settings and groups, allowing me to draw insightful conclusions about the requalification of knoweldgeS. ; Peer reviewed

Purpose:To evaluate an intervention promoting adoption of occupational sun protection policies by employers in a randomized trial.Design:A randomized pretest–posttest controlled design with 2-year follow-up was conducted in 2010 to 2013.Setting:Local government organizations in Colorado who had outdoor workers in public works, public safety, and/or parks and recreation.Participants:Ninety-eight local government organizations (n = 51 municipalities, 10 counties, and 37 special districts).Intervention:Organizations were randomly assigned to receive a policy and education intervention comprised of personal contacts and theory-based training and materials or to an attention control group.Measures:Occupational policy documents were coded for sun safety content by a trained research assistant blind to condition.Analysis:Policy scores were analyzed with logistic and Poisson regression models using imputation.Results:At posttest, more organizations in the intervention group had a sun protection policy than in the control group (odds ratio [OR] = 4.91, P < .05; intent to treat: OR = 5.95, P < .05) and policies were more extensive (χ2= 31.29, P < .01; intent to treat: χ2=73.79, P < .01) and stronger (χ2= 24.50, P < .01; intent to treat: χ2= 51.95, P < .01). Policy adoption was higher when the number of contacts and trainings increased ( P < .05).Conclusion:The intervention had a large effect on adoption of formal sun protection policies, perhaps because of its fit with legal requirements to maintain safe workplaces. Personal contacts with managers were influential on adoption of occupational policy even in this age of communication technology and social media.

This article entitled "The Comparison of Adam Malik, Mochtar Kusumaatmadja and Ali Alatas Policies Against Independent-Active Foreign Policy In Indonesia During The New Order". The writing is motivated by the author interest to determine the policies taken by the New Order government in maintaining a free and active foreign policy taken by Adam Malik, Mochtar Kusumaatmadja, and Ali Alatas. The main issues in this research is how is the Comparison of Adam Malik, Mochtar Kusumaatmadja And Ali Alatas Policies Against Independent-Active Foreign Policy In Indonesia During The New Order? The method used in the study is the historical method consists of four phases, which are; heuristic, criticism, interpretation and historiography. In reviewing the research question, the author uses an interdisciplinary approach by using some of the concepts from political science. Based on the research, authors knew that Adam Malik, Mochtar Kusumaatmadja, and Ali Alatas had different educational backgrounds so when they are assuming his post as Foreign Minister also can be different. The difference can be seen from their focus in taking a foreign policy. Adam Malik, who is still in transition from the Old Order to the New Order, his focus was to solve the problems that occurred in the previous government. Mochtar Kusumaatmadja focuses on Archipelago and international law. Ali Alatas focuses on human rights issues and to make Indonesia as Chairman of NAM. In addition, The Three Minister of Foreign Affairs through his policy also makes Indonesia active in solving regional and international issues, as well as the Non-Aligned Organizations.

In this article is characterized from perspective general education policy development of the Neoliberal State Governments (GEN) and the State Governments postneoliberal (GEP) in the decades of 1990-2000s in Latin American. Taking these categories as overlapping and dynamic in both decades. For that it analyzed the forms linkages with international credit agencies (BW; BID), in particular through the policy borrowing and policy learning, the Approach Policies Based on Evidence and the role of symbolic analysts. Are analyzed for periods of neoliberalism and postneoliberalism, and it is argued that in the aforementioned decades are produced continuities and transformations. We conclude that neoliberal policies have not yet been able to dismantle the structure of the State ; En este artículo se caracterizan de modo general las políticas educativas en el desarrollo de los Gobiernos Estatales Neoliberales (GEN) y la de los Gobiernos Estatales Posneoliberales (GEP) en las décadas de 1990-2000 en América Latina. Tomando estos modos de gobierno como superpuestos, dinámicos y porosos en ambas décadas. Para ello se analiza los modos de vinculaciones con los organismos internacionales de crédito (BM; BID), en particular a través de las policy borrowing y policy learning, el Enfoque de las Políticas Basadas en la Evidencia y el rol de los analistas simbólicos. Se estudian los períodos del neoliberalismo y el posneoliberalismo, y se argumenta que en las décadas señaladas se producen continuidades y transformaciones. Se concluye que las políticas neoliberales aún no se han podido desmontar de la estructura del Estado

Purpose � The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of applied hospital quality assurance (QA) policies in Iran. Design/methodology/approach � A mixed method (quantitative data and qualitative document analysis) study was carried out between 1996 and 2010. Findings � The QA policy cycle forms a tight monitoring system to assure hospital quality by combining mandatory and voluntary methods in Iran. The licensing, annual evaluation and grading, and regulatory inspections statutorily implemented by the government as a national package to assure and improve hospital care quality, while implementing quality management systems (QMS) was voluntary for hospitals. The government�s strong QA policy legislation role and support has been an important factor for successful QA implementation in Iran, though it may affected QA assessment independency and validity. Increased hospital evaluation independency and repositioning, updating standards, professional involvement and effectiveness studies could increase QA policy impact and maturity. Practical implications � The study highlights the current QA policy implementation cycle in Iranian hospitals. It provides a basis for further quality strategy development in Iranian hospitals and elsewhere. It also raises attention about finding the optimal balance between different QA policies, which is topical for many countries. Originality/value � This paper describes experiences when implementing a unique approach, combining mandatory and voluntary QA policies simultaneously in a developing country, which has invested considerably over time to improve hospital quality. The experiences with a mixed obligatory/voluntary approach and comprehensive policies in Iran may contain lessons for policy makers in developing and developed countries. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited

This conceptual paper looks into the definition of ?working life research? in Sweden and poses two questions: (1) How has the definition of the concept working life research changed over time? (2) Why has it changed? The paper is based on two studies using two different empirical sources. The first source consists of government documents related to science policy in general and working life research in particular. The second source consists of interviews with Swedish researchers. According to the results of the first study, there has been a gradual decrease in attention to working life research in government science science policy documents since the 1990s. Furthermore, there was a conceptual change in the early 1990s when working life research went from referring to work organization research to a broader definition also including work environment and labor market research. The results from the second study show that work science decreasingly appears in university curricula and in titles of university departments. They also show that currently active researchers, especially the younger ones, tend not to refer to themselves as ?work scientists? and ?working life researchers.? The author argues that the root cause of the apparent disappearance of the concept working life research has been the influence of neoliberalism, which, since the 1980s?1990s, has affected science policy as well as labor market policy. The effects of policy change on working life research are the loss of its previously so privileged position in the public science system and the weakening of what used to be its most important political ally: the trade unions.

This conceptual paper looks into the definition of "working life research" in Sweden and poses two questions: (1) How has the definition of the concept working life research changed over time? (2) Why has it changed? The paper is based on two studies using two different empirical sources. The first source consists of government documents related to science policy in general and working life research in particular. The second source consists of interviews with Swedish researchers. According to the results of the first study, there has been a gradual decrease in attention to working life research in government science science policy documents since the 1990s. Furthermore, there was a conceptual change in the early 1990s when working life research went from referring to work organization research to a broader definition also including work environment and labor market research. The results from the second study show that work science decreasingly appears in university curricula and in titles of university departments. They also show that currently active researchers, especially the younger ones, tend not to refer to themselves as "work scientists" and "working life researchers." The author argues that the root cause of the apparent disappearance of the concept working life research has been the influence of neoliberalism, which, since the 1980s–1990s, has affected science policy as well as labor market policy. The effects of policy change on working life research are the loss of its previously so privileged position in the public science system and the weakening of what used to be its most important political ally: the trade unions.

"This book explores the role of government in the governing process of Bangladesh. It primarily focuses on the dilemmas and constraints faced by the successive democratic governments elected since the early 1990s while designing policies for governance. Bangladesh has had a new democratic beginning since the early 1990s and formally remained a democracy for the last the three decades. Despite impressive performance in the economic and social fields, the country has lagged far behind most of the new democracies in the political realm. This book identifies how representative institutions of governance have gradually declined under democratic governments in Bangladesh, and how disagreements on the 'basic rules of the game' have made the task of governing extremely difficult and democratic consolidation problematic. This book is a significant and comprehensive analysis that identifies and explains the implications of the crises in governance for democratic consolidation in Bangladesh. It will be of interest to academics studying Area Studies, in particular South Asian Studies, and the increasingly researched areas of governance, public policy and administration"--

Cover Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Note on Contributors -- Preface -- 1 Introduction -- PART I -- 2 Local Self-government Finance in Slovakia During the 2008-11 Crisis -- 3 The Economic Adjustment Program Impact on Local Government Reform in Portugal -- 4 Public Services in European Countries: Between Public/Municipal and Private Sector Provision - and Reverse? -- PART II -- 5 The Role of Local Governance in Strengthening Cross-border Cooperation -- 6 Failed Rescaling of Territorial Governance in Hungary: What Was the Gist? -- 7 Local and Regional Government Reform in Croatia: Subsidiarity and Innovation in an Era of Austerity -- 8 Local Governance in Belarus: The Impact of the Economic and Financial Crisis on the Administrative Division Reform -- PART III -- 9 Non-governmental Organizations (NGOs) and Citizen-Authority Engagement: Applying Developing World Solutions to Europe in an Era of Fiscal Austerity -- 10 Regional Effects of Urban Development Projects: An Innovative Tool to Support Fiscal Sustainable Urban Planning -- 11 The Economic Crisis Impact on the Social Policy of Ostrava City -- 12 Conclusion -- Index.