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Over the past few decades, a growing body of research has emerged from a variety of disciplines to highlight the importance of cultural evolution in understanding human behavior. Wider application of these insights, however, has been hampered by traditional disciplinary boundaries. To remedy this, in this volume leading researchers from theoretical biology, developmental and cognitive psychology, linguistics, anthropology, sociology, religious studies, history, and economics come together to explore the central role of cultural evolution in different aspects of human endeavor. The contributors take as their guiding principle the idea that cultural evolution can provide an important integrating function across the various disciplines of the human sciences, as organic evolution does for biology. The benefits of adopting a cultural evolutionary perspective are demonstrated by contributions on social systems, technology, language, and religion. Topics covered include enforcement of norms in human groups, the neuroscience of technology, language diversity, and prosociality and religion. The contributors evaluate current research on cultural evolution and consider its broader theoretical and practical implications, synthesizing past and ongoing work and sketching a roadmap for future cross-disciplinary efforts.

"A celebrated theologian explores how the greatest dangers to humanity, as well as the greatest promises for human flourishing, are at the intersection of religion and globalization, "--Amazon.com

Klappentext: From the mid-1970s, the awareness of injustice and apartheid in South Africa increased in the media and in scholarship. From the secular perspective, it was no surprise to find a Christian denomination directly involved in the formulation of the apartheid-doctrine. However, it was far more surprising to fing opposition leaders, even many members of the African National Congress, referring in their strucggle to religious doctrines. South Africa imposed a challenge to all the voices that claimed that the process of democratisation was only possible through secularisation. The contributions to this book represent a spectrum of religious and political perspectives in South Africa in their social context. Some tackle the important question of transformation within religions. Since the period of transition and democracy, the country is witness to a re-ordering and re-classification of values and priorities within society and religious traditions. The contributions also focus on the possible role of religions in fashioning values and identities on a broad national scale. They subject to evaluation multi-culturalism, education, and development under the impact of religious values, ethics and symbols.

The Art of Living Together: The Relationship between Individual and Society in Reinhold Niebuhr's Political Thought -- How Niebuhr's interpretation of Martin Luther, Karl Barth and Calvinism influenced his understanding of the state -- The State and Prophetic Religion -- Reinhold Niebuhr and the State of Israel: A Study in the Foreign Policy of a Christian Realist -- Niebuhr's complex relationship with Germany: how did his experiences influence his image of the state? -- Religion and Democracy in Reinhold Niebuhr's Christian Realism -- Reinhold Niebuhr: State Governance in Times of Crisis -- Niebuhr and the race question: Can the state successfully eliminate racism?

Der Verfasser befaßt sich in diesem Aufsatz mit dem Wandel von Kirche und Religion in der Geschichte der Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Dabei folgt der Autor einem Modell dreier Phasen. Er unterscheidet (1) die Renaissance der Tradition und die Zeit der "vordergründigen Religiosität" in den Jahren 1949 bis 1968, (2) die Enttraditionalisierung und Transformation der Religion zwischen 1968 und 1978 sowie (3) die Phase der Pluralisierung und Individualisierung während der achtziger Jahre. Die erste Phase zeichnet sich nach Meinung des Verfassers dadurch aus, daß institutionell verfaßte Religion, gesellschaftliche Kulturmuster und Religionsstile fast eine Einheit bilden. In der zweiten Phase ist ein großer Wandlungsschub innerhalb der institutionell verfaßten Religion zu verzeichnen. Der dritte Zeitabschnitt ist sowohl durch eine unabweisbare Pluralität und Kontingenz von Weltdeutungen als auch durch gewachsene Differenz und Spannung zwischen der kirchlich verfaßten Religion und den gesellschaftlichen Kulturmustern gekennzeichnet. Dies führt, so der Autor, zu der Frage, "ob und inwieweit das Christentum noch jene Funktionen zu erfüllen vermag, die in der Soziologie als Funktionen der Religion gelten und wer oder was heute an seine Stelle getreten ist". (ICC)

Christian self-understanding in the context of Hindu religion: ecumenical perspectives /S. Wesley Ariarajah --Christian self-understanding of world religions in the context of religious pluralism: insights and impulsions from the Bible /Joseph Pathrapankal --Living as a community with Hindus: Hindu-Christian relations today /K.P. Aleaz --Approaches to Christian self-understanding in the context of Hinduism: a Dalit perspective /James Massey --Hindutva and politicization of religion /Mathews George Chunakara --Christian mission and ecclesiology in India: encounters with Hinduism in the context of conversion debate /Sebastian C.H. Kim --Human liberation: a praxis for interfaith dialogue /L. Jayachitra --Christian self-understanding of Hinduism: some reflections /K.M. George --Report of the consultation /Gana Nath Dash.

Frontmatter -- Contents -- Introduction: The Question of Religion -- Chapter one Philosophy and Devotion -- Chapter two What Is the Ethics? -- Chapter three Being-in-God -- Chapter Four Whatever We Desire and Do -- Chapter Five Participating in Divine Nature -- Chapter Six Acquiescentia -- Chapter Seven How to Love God -- Chapter Eight Eternal Life -- Chapter Nine Spinoza's Religion -- Afterword 'The path to these things' -- Acknowledgements -- Notes -- Works Cited -- Index

Descriptions and contributions of the religions important in early and present-day Idaho.

U.a. Beiträge zu: Namibia, Liberia, Libyen, Algerien, Südliches Afrika

The relationship between church and state in Germany is conditioned by the centuries-long history of state Christianity and also by the struggle for the independence of the churches over against the state. The churches won their critical power against the state's power in their opposition to Hitler's dictatorship and the totalitarian Weltanschauung of national socialism. Since the division of the two German states in 1961, a church in socialism has developed in the German Democratic Republic. It is willing both to resist the totalitarian claims of its society and also to join into a critical partnership with the state to develop domestic social politics and peace politics between nations. In the Federal Republic of Germany, the Catholic and Evangelical churches are further developing themselves along the lines of a church for the people ( Volkskirche). This understanding of the nature of the church has been repeatedly placed into question since the development of the peace movement in 1981. A critical distance between the churches, on the one hand, and the claims and the political religion of the state, on the other, has consequently developed.

A celebrated theologian explores how the greatest dangers to humanity, as well as the greatest promises for human flourishing, are at the intersection of religion and globalization More than almost anything else, globalization and the great world religions are shaping our lives, affecting everything from the public policies of political leaders and the economic decisions of industry bosses and employees, to university curricula, all the way to the inner longings of our hearts. Integral to both globalization and religions are compelling, overlapping, and sometimes competing visions of what it means to live well. In this perceptive, deeply personal, and beautifully written book, a leading theologian sheds light on how religions and globalization have historically interacted and argues for what their relationship ought to be. Recounting how these twinned forces have intersected in his own life, he shows how world religions, despite their malfunctions, remain one of our most potent sources of moral motivation and contain within them profoundly evocative accounts of human flourishing. Globalization should be judged by how well it serves us for living out our authentic humanity as envisioned within these traditions. Through renewal and reform, religions might, in turn, shape globalization so that can be about more than bread alone

Die vorliegende Studie referiert die Ergebnisse einer Befragung von ungefähr 17.500 Jugendlichen in der DDR (Lehrlinge in der Industrie, junge Arbeitnehmer in Industrie und Landwirtschaft, Studenten an sechs Universitäten und 13 Hochschulen) zu ihrer weltanschaulichen und religiösen Einstellung. Um die Fülle des empirischen Materials zu verdichten, wurden folgende "Weltanschauungstypen" gebildet: Atheisten, weltanschaulich Unentschiedene, andere Weltanschauungen, Theisten. Die Ergebnisse der Studie zeigen, daß ein beachtlicher Teil der Jugendlichen sich nicht weltanschaulich festlegt. Daraus wird folgender Schluß gezogen: "Es ist großer Wert darauf zu legen, daß alle Jugendlichen, besonders in der Industrie, durch das politische Schulungssystem erfaßt werden." (pmb)

Traces the cultural foundations of modern ethnonationalism to religion, a force that modern Western rationalists have generally ignored & that ethnonationalists have turned to in repudiation of Western rationality. Religion is defined broadly in terms of its ability to give people an identity & sense of belonging. Current ultrafundamental ethnoreligions are taken to be possible only in the context of the modernity & modernism that they repudiate. The demise of the Cold War, which contained a certain rationality, has opened the way for ethnonationalist leaders to vie for control of state institutions in a variety of contexts. It is concluded that, in the short term future, one may expect ethnonationalism, reinforced by religion, to continue to cause tension & upheaval, despite the best efforts of the very Western rationalists these nationalisms refute. D. M. Smith