Suchergebnisse

Das Buch beschäftigt sich mit der Entstehung neuer Staaten sowie mit Konflikten um Autonomie und Selbstbestimmung, zu denen es seit Ende des Kalten Krieges gekommen ist. Ausgehend von der Grundthese, dass solche Vorgänge international im Rahmen eines Krisen- und Konfliktmanagements gelenkt werden, untersucht die Arbeit die Steuerung im Bereich des Selbstbestimmungsrechts, der Menschen- und Minderheitenrechte, der Staatenanerkennung, der Aufnahme in internationale Organisationen sowie bei der Regelung der Staatennachfolge.

Der Band betrifft die internationalen Beziehungen Rumäniens der Jahre 1939-1965. Insgesamt werden 255 Verträge, Konventionen, Abkommen, Vereinbarungen, bilaterale und multilaterale Protokolle wiedergegeben, welche insbesondere die Lösung internationaler Konflikte, die Wirtschaft, Fragen der Aufenthaltsgenehmigung und der Ausweisung, die Staatsgrenze, die Staatsbürgerschaft, die Behandlung von Kriegsgefangenen, die Luft und den Weltraum, sowie die Ozeane und Meere betreffen. (SOI-Abr)

In recent years, the IMF has released a growing number of reports and other documents covering economic and financial developments and trends in member countries. Each report, prepared by a staff team after discussions with government officials, is published at the option of the member country

Introduction The lines between conventional and unconventional conflicts become blurred. Alongside non-international and international conflicts, a third category of armed conflict is emerging: hybrid, asymmetric, and transnational conflicts which involve state and non-state actors whose legal status and classification is disputed.[1] While it's a blend of traditional and irregular tactics, hybrid warfare makes use of a wide range of tools: military and civilian; conventional and unconventional. Hybrid warfare was linked almost exclusively with non-state actors. Afterwards the concept of hybrid warfare developed in a way that is now commonly accepted to describe the interplay between conventional and unconventional means used also by governments and regular armies. For such emerging conflicts/warfare there is no legal definition, therefore leaving room for interpretation and applicable law. International law (IL) and international humanitarian law (IHL) – in particular the law of war (Geneva and Hague law) – apply in case of armed conflict. The law of war, a branch of public international law, sets the acceptable justifications to engage in war (jus ad bellum) and the limits to acceptable wartime conduct (jus in bello). The law of war regulates inter alia: declaration of war; acceptance of surrender and the treatment of prisoners of war; military necessity, along with distinction and proportionality; and the prohibition of certain weapons that may cause unnecessary suffering. Research problem and question investigated The research aims to investigate whether and how current international customary[2] and treaty law applies to unconventional conflicts that characterize the 21st century. The study investigates whether new rules are required, or if current rules are still valid and can be used/adapted. The research aims to check whether and to what extent states abide IL/IHL in dealing with unconventional conflicts, or if, through their course of conduct, states are attempting to create new customary law, or to ...

This report examines the policy positions of consecutive Australian governments, as well as the four major parties (Liberal, Labor, Greens and Nationals) on the issues of Israeli settlements in the Occupied Palestinian Territories and the legal status of East Jerusalem. These policy positions are examined through comparison with international legal rulings and the position held by the international community to determine areas of disparity. The research draws attention to key international legal rulings by the United Nations and the International Court of Justice, examining the arguments made by international law experts and bodies, as well as the voting patterns of the international community. In analysing the positions of current and previous Australian governments, the report draws on a literary study of key statements and policy announcements made by each administrations, as well as the government's voting records on UNGA resolutions relevant to the conflict. The analysis begins following the 1967 Six-Day war, with Israel's occupation of Palestinian Territories, its annexation of East Jerusalem and the beginning of its settlements policy. The report highlights the consistency of international legal rulings, in determining the illegality of Israeli settlement activity and the annexation of East Jerusalem (an attempt to alter its legal status). This unanimity is similarly noted in the voting of the international community, with the vast majority of countries voting to adopt resolutions that condemn Israeli actions. However, Australian policy positions itself in the small minority of countries voting against such resolutions, often describing its position as one of 'balance' or 'neutrality'. Observable trends include the Liberal government policy of voting 'abstain' or 'against' on resolutions critical of Israeli settlements; whereas Labor governments tend to be more critical of Israeli actions in their voting and determine the settlements are 'contrary to international law' and 'an obstacle to the peace process', without using the term 'illegal'. A broad spectrum of responses is observable when examining the views of current political parties with political left parties more supportive of Palestinian rights. The report finds that while historically Australia's unwillingness to be critical of Israeli actions appeared more justified as neutrality. However, over time this position has shifted to one of more staunch support for Israel, with several governments being described, or describing themselves, as being pro-Israel. This position is typical in the international community and presents Australia as out of touch with international legal rulings. Moreover, attempts to shift policy in either direction are met with strong resistance, explaining the reluctance of political parties to make significant statement on the conflict. The report recommends: - an informational campaign to inform the public about the disparity between Australia's position and that of the international community, encouraging individuals to discuss the issues with their local MPs - continuing to work with all political parties to ensure they are aware of the international legal rulings and any updates in the conflict, encouraging MPs to hear information from both sides.

Der neue Band 19 (2017/2018) bietet Ihnen im Teil "Doctrine" eine moderne Behandlung von grundlegenden klassischen Fragen, wie zur forum non conveniens-Doktrin und relevanten Ausnahmeregeln, aber auch die Auseinandersetzung mit sehr komplexen Problemen, wie etwa zum anwendbaren Recht bei grenzüberschreitenden Regressansprüchen im Haftpflichtversicherungsrecht. Ein weiterer Abschnitt ist den schwierigen Fragen des europäischen Ehegüterrechts und den vermögensrechtlichen Folgen von eingetragenen Lebenspartnerschaften gewidmet. Wie immer hochinteressant und einzigartig zusammengestellt sind die National Reports mit Informationen zu relevanten Rechtsentwicklungen weltweit, News from the Hague, der Rechtsprechungsteil und auch das spannende Forum