Suchergebnisse

The right to freedom of religion : an historical perspective from the West / John Witte, Jr. -- The right to freedom of religion : an historical perspective from Asia / Kevin YL Tan -- The right to freedom of religion : an historical perspective from Africa / Ahmed Salisu Garba -- The right to freedom of belief : an historical perspective on secular humanism / Caroline Sägesser -- Buddhist perspectives on freedom of religion and belief / BenjaminSchonthal -- Religious freedom : Christian perspectives / Norman Doe -- Hindu perspectives on the right to religious freedom / Laura Dudley Jenkins and Kristina M. Teater -- The right of religious freedom in contemporary Islamic thought / Wael Saleh and Patrice Brodeur -- Jewish perspectives / Matthew LaGrone -- Building an inter-religious notion of the right to freedom of religion : dangers, opportunities and goals / Arvind Sharma -- Geopolitics of the right to freedom of religion. Western perspectives / Gerhard Robbers -- Freedom of religion : Asian perspectives / Jaclyn L. Neo and Arif A. Jamal -- The right to freedom of religion and belief : African perspectives / Idowu A. Akinloye -- Freedom of religion : Asian perspectives / Jaclyn L. Neo and Arif A. Jamal -- The right to freedom of religion and belief : African perspectives / Idowu A. Akinloye -- Freedom of religion : constitutional patterns of protection / Johan D. van der Vyver -- The right to religious freedom in international human rights law : a brief overview and exploration of its positive dimension / Laurens Lavrysen and Eva Brems -- The right to freedom of and from religion for and among indigenous peoples / Martin Ramstedt -- The organic unity of human rights and the place of freedom of religion or belief : challenge and response / David Little -- The dialectics of the right to freedom of religion or belief / Peter G. Danchin.

This article explores several key events in the last 12 years that led to periods of heightened suspicion about Islam and Muslims in the United States. It provides a brief overview of the rise of anti-Muslim and anti-Islam sentiment known as "Islamophobia", and it investigates claims that American Muslims cannot be trusted to be loyal to the United States because of their religion. This research examines American Muslim perspectives on national security discourse regarding terrorism and radicalization, both domestic and foreign, after 9/11. The article argues that it is important to highlight developments, both progressive and conservative, in Muslim communities in the United States over the last 12 years that belie suspicions of widespread anti-American sentiment among Muslims or questions about the loyalty of American Muslims. The article concludes with a discussion of important shifts from a Muslim identity politics that disassociated from American identity and 'American exceptionalism' to a position of integration and cultural assimilation.

Mit der Politisierung der Religion wird ein Prozess angesprochen, aus dem in allen Weltreligionen eine Fülle von religiösen Fundamentalismen hervorgeht. Der Beitrag fragt, ob der Islam eine politische Religion ist. Der Autor geht von der Annahme aus, dass der Islam in unserer Zeit politisiert wird. Der Autor verteidigt die These von einer historisch sekundären Politisierung des Islam durch die "Erfindung von Tradition" in Reaktion auf die westliche Moderne. Die zentrale Arbeitshypothese der vorliegenden Analyse lautet, dass sich das neue Phänomen der Politisierung der Religion von älteren Erscheinungen dieser Art dadurch unterscheidet, dass die Auseinandersetzung mit der kulturellen Moderne der zentrale Bestimmungsfaktor ist. Im Islam verwandelt sich der Islamismus und wird zu einer politischen Religion, die eine defensiv-kulturelle Reaktion auf die westliche Moderne ist. Vom heutigen Islam ist jedoch zu verlangen, dass er den elementaren Modernisierungsschritt der prinzipiellen Trennung von Staat und religiösen Institutionen nachvollzieht. (ICA2)

Religion, esp in its instit'ized church form, has always prescribed universal love & brotherhood & proscribed against killing & violence. Yet the instit'ized church has always rationalized & come around to the support of the war & instit'ly org'ed killing by its nat'l community. This disparity between religious norms & practice has historically disturbed idealists & intrigued students of religion. Focus is on how a universalistic religion confronts & resolves the dilemma of war vis-avis a particularistic SP system. Discussion revolves around: (1) the theoretical bases for the non-pacifist att's & behavior of the instit'al churches within the framework of the sociol'al 'Church-Sect' concept, & (2) the available data to lend support to the major hyp, that the church as a soc instit (as opposed to the sect) is both reflective & supportive of society's values & practices & that the church, therefore, functions primarily as an agent of conservatism rather than as an agent of soc change. These postulates are strongly supported by 4 sets of data & empirical evidence. The first fully supports the implication that outright opposition to war-conscientious objection-would be more evident in the sects than the churches. The 2nd study supports the thesis that the church, through the chaplaincy system, resolves the value conflict in favor of society in a manner to support the values & objectives of the SP system in war. The 3rd study supports the postulate that the church is accommodative in that its stand on soc issues depends largely upon the mood & sentiment of its parishioners rather than standing upon its own religious values. The last set of evidence sheds light on the thesis that the church remains essentially a conservative force by compartmentalizing its radicalism within the campus ministry-ie, the church is a conservative rather than change-inducing agent vis-a-vis society. IPSA.

This book takes its leave with the realization that Western-driven culture is quickly reaching the limits of global capitalism, and that this reality manifests itself not only economically and politically, but that it is at once a cultural, aesthetic, political, religious, ecological, and philosophical problem. While Western capitalism is based upon the assumption of indefinite growth, we have run up against real, physical constraints to growth, and humanity must face the real, physical ramifications of the short-sighted and ultimately counter-productive choices made on behalf of the capitalist machine. While there is widespread angst and numerous scenarios of apocalyptic crisis and collapse, there is little or no comprehension of the problem and a coherent picture of reality is left wanting. Drawing primarily from the discourses of contemporary continental philosophy, cultural theory, and radical theology, the new materialism is being offered up as a redress to this problem by its effort to make sense of the world as an integrated whole. The book emphasizes three aspects of the current crisis: the ecological crisis, which is often viewed primarily in terms of global warming; the energy crisis, which involves peak oil and the limits of the ability to extract and exploit the cheap energy of fossil fuels; and finally the financial crisis, which involves the de-leveraging and destruction of massive amounts of money and credit. Each of these problems is inter-related, because money is dependent upon energy, and energy is a product of natural physical resources that are finite and diminishing. Rather than despair or the cynicism that passes for realpolitik, the authors will suggest that this crisis provides an opening for a new kind of orientation to thinking and acting, a new way of being in and of the earth. This opening is an opening onto a new materialism that is neither a crude consumerist materialism nor a reductive atomic materialism, but a materialism that takes seriously the material and physical world in which we live. This materialism counters idealism in its practical and philosophical forms, which constructs an ideal world that we wish to inhabit and then mistakes that world for the real one. Furthermore, in contrast to classical materialism which rejects religion as a form of false consciousness, this new materialism recognizes religion as an effective means of political mobilization and as a genuine source of piety, and thus does not oppose religion per se; instead, it opposes fanaticism and fundamentalism, including the fairy-tale expectations that a God or gods will rescue us from our predicament and punish the evil-doers while rewarding the righteous.

This article explores how two seemingly contradictory global trends - scientific rationality and religious expressiveness - intersect and are negotiated in people's lives in Nordic countries. We focus on Finland and Sweden, both countries with reputations of being highly secular and modernized welfare states. The article draws on our multi-sited ethnography in Finland and Sweden, including interviews with health practitioners, academics, and students identifying as Lutheran, Orthodox, Muslim, or anthroposophic. Building on new institutionalist World Society Theory, the article asks whether individuals perceive any conflict at the intersection of "science" and "religion", and how they negotiate such a relationship while working or studying in universities and health clinics, prime sites of global secularism and scientific rationality. Our findings attest to people's creative artistry while managing their religious identifications in a secular, Nordic, organizational culture in which religion is often constructed as old-fashioned or irrelevant. We identify and discuss three widespread modes of negotiation by which people discursively manage and account for the relationship between science and religion in their working space: segregation, estrangement, and incorporation. Such surprising similarities point to the effects of global institutionalized secularism and scientific rationality that shape the negotiation of people's religious and spiritual identities, while also illustrating how local context must be factored into future, empirical research on discourses of science and religion.

Der Autor behandelt das Verhältnis von Schule und Religion im Sinne einer Problemexposition auf verschiedenen Ebenen: auf der inhaltlichen Ebene des Schulcurriculums, der bildungsorganisatorischen bezüglich der Schulträgerschaft, der personalen Ebene der Lehrenden und Lernenden sowie der schulinternen (der Unterrichtsprozesse). Als sensibelstes Feld wird der Umgang mit Pluralität in der Unterrichtspraxis selbst eingeschätzt. Die Abhandlung ist zugleich ein Plädoyer dafür, "die Dimension der Religion für eine Theorie der Schule zu reklamieren, die auf der Höhe der Zeit sein will". Schwerpunkte (Gliederung) sind: 1. Weltgesellschaftliche Herausforderungen und Weltreligionen - Schulcurriculum und interreligiöses Lernen 2. Religion und Allgemeinbildung - Eigenständige Fächergruppe zu Fragen von Religion, Ethik und Philosophie 3. Weltanschaulich-religiöser Pluralismus und pädagogischer Trägerpluralismus - Religion und Bildungsorganisation 4. Religion und Unterricht - Das Problem des pädagogischen Umgangs mit pluralen normativen Ansprüchen 5. Religiöse Fragen von Kindern und Jugendlichen - Religion und individuelle Bildung - Zusammenfassung. (DIPF/Ko.)

Introduction : religion, politics and ideology / Jeffrey Haynes -- Liberal religion / Emanuel de Kadt -- Secularism / Linde R. Draaisma and Erin K. Wilson -- Atheism and religion / Stuart McAnulla -- Nationalism, religion, ideology / Atalia Omer -- Religion and gender / Leila Hadj Abdou -- Life after communism : contemporary orthodoxy, politics and society in Eastern Europe / Greg Simons -- The radical right in Europe : cultural shifts and religious nativism / Michael Minkenberg -- Caught in mid-stream : Islamism in the transition from politics of piety to formal politics / Roel Meijer -- Religion between ethics and ideology / Joseph A. Camilleri -- Religion and the ideology of populism / Timothy Peace -- Anarchism and religion / Erik Ringmar -- Religion and the alt-right / George Hawley -- Revisiting the conceptual history of Salafism : theological foundations, ideological iterations, and political manifestations / Naveed S. Sheikh -- Buddhist nationalism / Saul Tobias -- Christianism / Ben Ryan -- Evangelicals and ideology : transnational or local? : examining the case of Latin American Evangelicals / Ruth Melkonian-Hoover and Dennis R. Hoover -- Italy / Luca Ozzano -- A world awakening : American Evangelicalism and late-war order / Robert J. Joustra -- Russia : Orthodox Christianity / Marko Veković -- Religious fundamentalism, liberal nationalism, and sectarian solidarity among Lebanese / Mansoor Moaddel, Jean Kors and Johan Gärde -- Politics, identity and religion in Turkey : from Atatürk to the AKP / Jeffrey Haynes -- Iran : construction of a Shia political ideology in the modern age / Alireza Raisi -- Religion and ideology in Sri Lanka : Buddhism / Peter Friedlander -- Hinduism, Hindutva, and ideology / Abdul Shaban -- Israelization of Judaism / David Ohana.

Many developments within & beyond Europe demonstrate a perseverance of religion & a new role of religion in the political realm. These new realities correspond with both an increase in research on religion & politics & a differentiation of the academic discourse on this subject. This article highlights three central debates: the controversy about the secularization paradigm, the discussion of the relationship between religion & democracy, & the analyses of the nexus between processes of globalization & religious fundamentalism. It becomes clear that the assumption of a decline of religion in the modern world, a long-held view dear to secularization theory, is as problematic as is the narrow but popular focus on religious fundamentalism. Moreover, contemporary democratic theories begin to challenge the idea that democracy & the values of freedom & equality can only be guaranteed if a strict separation of church & state & of the political & religious spheres are upheld. 197 References. Adapted from the source document.

This volume contains four theoretical and four empirical articles that aim at conceptual clarification and descriptive and causal exploration on data from 14 countries about historical and current tensions within and between religions, Christiantity and Islam, and human rights in various contexts