Suchergebnisse

Includes bibliographical references (leaves 88-93). ; Amidst growing concerns about the impact of HIV/AIDS on the political, social and economic spheres of our country, comes the responsibility of government to address this pertinent issue, especially through HIV/AIDS education, in schools. Pertinent to HIV/AIDS education is the school and teacher. Therefore this study investigates the influence of school culture on teachers' understanding and teaching of HIV/AIDS, particularly, how a school's culture may restrain and/or allow HIV/AIDS teaching. Whilst school culture is the main focus, attention is paid to teachers since they are the mediators of knowledge. The study seeks to investigate what values/perceptions of teachers, influence HIV/AIDS lessons. The study is located in the qualitative paradigm because it seeks to gam a deeper understanding of how school culture is constituted and consequently affects teachers' teaching of HIV/AIDS. Methods of data collection include observations, interviews and documentary analysis. Data was collected in three primary schools in the Western Cape. These schools were selected to embrace the diversity prevalent in South African society, especially in relation to socio-economic status, religion, culture, race and gender. Intermediate and senior phase life-skills teachers were selected for participation. Principals, deputy principals, school administration clerks as well as governing body chairpersons were interviewed to establish how the school culture defines their position and role at the school, and conversely, how they contribute in shaping the school's culture.

This research, conducted on behalf of IPRASE (Autonomous Province of Trento), aims at analysing changes that have affected over the past decade the figure of the teacher at an international level. It does so in relation both to the profile of the skills that identify his/her practice, and to policies introduced in recent years by several States to raise the level of accountability expressed by national education systems. The study is based on a comparativeanalysis, carried out by taking into account four European nationalcontexts that registered profound renewal processes in these years. These processes address the development of professional standards, as well as innovative models of initial teacher training, recruitment, induction, continuing professional development and performance management of teachers.The national scenarios selected are, respectively, England, France, Spain and Switzerland (Canton Ticino). ; La ricerca, condotta per conto dell'IPRASE (Provincia Autonoma di Trento), mira ad analizzare i mutamenti che hanno influenzato nel corso dell'ultima decade la figura dell'insegnante a un livello internazionale, in relazione sia al profilo delle abilità che ne identificano la pratica, sia delle politiche introdotte negli anni recenti da diversi Stati allo scopo di innalzare il livello di responsabilità espressi dai sistemi educativi nazionali. Lo studio si basa su un'analisi comparativa, condotta prendendo in considerazione quattro contesti nazionali europei che hanno registrato in questi anni profondi processi di rinnovamento. Questi processi riguardano lo sviluppo degli standard professionali e anche modelli innovativi di formazione iniziale, il reclutamento, i corsi introduttivi, la progressione di carriera e la gestione dellaperformance degli insegnanti. Gli scenari nazionali selezionati sono, in ordine: Inghilterra, Francia, Spagna e Svizzera (Canton Ticino).

This study reports evidence from an unusual policy intervention- The Reaching Out of School Children (ROSC) project in Bangladesh where school grants and education allowances are offered to attract hard-to-reach children to schools comprised of a single teacher and a classroom. The operating unit cost of these schools is a fraction of that of formal primary schools. Panel data is used to investigate whether ROSC schools are effective in raising enrolment and learning outcomes. The findings suggest that there is a modest impact on school participation: ROSC schools increase enrolment probability between 9 and 18 percent for children in the two age cohorts 6 to 8 and 6 to 10. They perform as well as non-ROSC schools in terms of raising test scores, and even have positive impacts on academically stronger students. There is also strong evidence of positive externalities on non-ROSC schools in program areas. These results point to the effectiveness of a new model of non-formal primary schools that can be replicated in similar settings. This paper consists of following sections: section one gives introduction. The context for the country and the program description is provided in section two, and the data is described in section three. The impacts of the ROSC project on education outcomes as measured by student enrolment and test scores are discussed in section four and other program effects are considered in section five, with the empirical estimation frameworks being respectively detailed in each section. The relative efficiency of ROSC schools versus non-ROSC schools is discussed in section six and section seven gives conclusion.

Lyulph Stanley, the uncle of Bertrand Russell, was an influential and articulate aristocrat who believed that every child should learn from a good teacher in a comfortable building. He championed the school board cause during the latter half of the Victorian era, a time of tremendous educational change in England. With the great increase in urban populations, the schooling provided by voluntary organizations had become inadequate. The state had taken control of education, working through its local representatives, the elected school boards. But controversy arose between churches, which were opposed to secular education, and school boards, and between local and central authorities. The author follows Stanley's political career, clarifying the views of the school board supporters and analyzing the political differences underlying the controversies. Students of education, history, and politics can benefit from his contribution to the re-assessment of this turbulent period in English educational history.

v>This article will explain and describe the attitudes of teachers towards multicultural education in SMP N 34Kerinci. This study uses a qualitative approach with the type of descriptive research. The technique forselecting informants is purposive sampling. A number of informants is 10 people. Data collected throughinterviews, observation and documentation. Interviews conducted are in-depth interview techniques andobservations conducted are non-participation observation techniques. Data were analyzed using theinteractive analysis technique of Miles and Huberman (Interactive analysis model) consisting of datareduction, data models and conclusion drawing. The results revealed that teachers already have a positiveattitude towards multicultural education. Each teacher has the same attitude significantly seeing thedifferences in gender and language in the school. An understanding of multicultural education is animportant step to foster teacher attitudes and positive values. Citizenship subject teachers are found to havemore positive attitudes when compared to other subject teachers, which already have values contained inmulticultural education such as democratic values, humanism values and pluralism. Based on the findings itcan be suggested that more research should be needed on how to develop, change teaching methods andprograms in accordance with multicultural education and why certain subject teachers have a more positiveattitude towards multicultural education and increase the participation of teachers in cultural exch

Research‐practice partnerships (RPPs) have drawn a great deal of attention as promising structures for bringing educational research and practice closer together. However, promising as RPPs may be, challenges still exist and there have been calls for studies investigating how research can be used within RPPs, and how to include practitioners more in the generation of research evidence. We address these calls by conducting a systematic review of the research literature on RPPs. Our review of 57 articles shows that research is used in various ways to inform both the methods and content for facilitating school improvement in RPPs. For instance, research on effective PD can be directly applied to a Professional Development (PD) programme to inform the methods of the intervention, or research findings can be used as the content of an intervention to facilitate teacher learning. Moreover, the results suggest that the type of research used to inform RPPs affects the kinds of opportunities for research use that are presented to practitioners; ranging from applying research directly to practice (instrumental use), to using research to extend understanding (conceptual use), or using research methods and methodologies in order to increase practitioners' capacity for improving education (process use). Based on the results, we argue that the presented opportunities for research use in interventions strongly affect teachers' opportunities to participate in the generation of research evidence and thereby achieve a more democratised evidence system.

The study investigated the influence of after school lessons and stakeholders' factors (Pupil, Teacher and Parents) on pupils' achievement in Mathematics in Oyo State, Nigeria. It study adopted the multistage sampling technique which was used in selecting the study population and sample. A total of fifteen (15) private and thirteen (13) public primary schools in Ibadan South East Local Government area of Oyo State was selected for the study. The population of the study comprised of all primary five and six pupils in the primary schools. Sample consisted of two hundred and nineteen (219) pupils, two hundred and nineteen (219) Parents of the pupils' and forty eight (48) teachers. Data was collected with the use of questionnaires (TAASLS, PUAALS and PAASLS), attitude scale and achievement test; that were all developed and validated by the researchers. The data were collected from March to May, 2018. Data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation coefficient and Multiple Regression at p<0.05. The predictor variables that are most influential in predicting pupils' achievement in Mathematics are: pupil parents' attitude to after school lessons (?=0.57, t=3.60, P<0.05), parents' academic qualification (?= -0.06, t= 0.95, P<0.05), peer group Influence (?=0.42, t=2.62, P<0.05) respectively. In order to improve Mathematics achievement among learners' especially at the primary level of education, after school lessons should be reinforced; the stakeholders' factors' that predicted learners' achievement in mathematics should be put into perspective.

The author deals with issues of the subjectivity of the teacher he treated as an idea of the past, which today is not found in the educational realities. Subjectivity, being receptive to decision-making and willingness to bear responsibility, is understood by the author as the ability of the teacher to engage in dialogue with himself. The author characterizes the main features of such a dialogue, indicating its determinants (power, market, ideological illusions, conventions and school culture). He stresses the negative impact of transformations in the field of education, among which the prevalence of the economic-political model of the educational system nullifying the subjectivity of the teacher dominates.

Das Ziel dieses Beitrags besteht darin, die Ursachen für intendierte und nichtintendierte Effekte in den Forschungsevaluationssystemen der angelsächsischen Vorreiterländer Großbritannien und Australien herauszuarbeiten und auf dieser Grundlage die Wahrscheinlichkeit für das Auftreten solcher Effekte in Deutschland abzuschätzen. Können wir von den angelsächsischen Systemen lernen? Aus dem angestellten Vergleich mit den angelsächsischen Ländern zieht der Autor für die Entwicklung in Deutschland erste Schlussfolgerungen. Abschließend spricht er ein Grunddilemma jeder Evaluation von Forschung und Forschungsleistung an, das von Forschungspolitik und Wissenschaftsmanagement gleichwohl berücksichtigt werden sollte: Evaluationssysteme und Leistungsbeurteilungen führen häufig zu einer starken Homogenisierung der institutionellen Umwelt von Forschung, die auch die Forschung selbst einem starken Homogenisierungsdruck aussetzt. Man sollte aber - frei nach Niklas Luhmann - nicht vergessen, dass Universitäten die gesellschaftliche Funktion haben, Komplexität zu erhöhen und nicht, sie zu reduzieren. (HoF/Text übernommen)

Western Australia introduced a new Western Australian Certificate of Education (WACE) Music course for Year 11 and 12 students in 2009. Course construction was protracted due to political interference, input from vested interests within the music teaching community and adverse community publicity. The result has been the creation of a long and potentially confusing syllabus document. This article reports on music teacher experiences with the new course five years after its initial implementation. A questionnaire was distributed to all WACE music teachers asking them to respond to 27 statements drawn from a literature review relating to course design in music education, and the WACE syllabus document. At the end of the questionnaire, participants were invited to provide extended responses regarding the new course. Extended responses were frequently negative and sometimes contradictory, leading the researchers to conclude that after five years, the WACE music syllabus document, as a driver of 'curriculum', is creating a degree of discontent and confusion in the minds of many music teachers. The lessons are obvious: for any curriculum to achieve a desired educational outcome, the syllabus document needs to be clear and consistent, be guided by a philosophy which is coherent and transparent to teachers, and drawn from the relevant literature on the subject.

Context: This article focus on teaching and learning processes in a vocational classroom in Swedish vocational education. There are few studies within the field of vocational education that have a focus on how vocational learning is done in interaction in the vocational classroom/workshop, and what vocational learning content is displayed in the interaction between teacher and student, and thus made possible to learn. This article aims to fill this gap by exploring the future-oriented movements that take shape when a vocational teacher and vocational students negotiate how a practical task could, and should, be handled and solved in vocational teaching situations in vocational plumbing school workshop settings. An increased understanding of these processes can help to improve the actual teaching of a specific subject content to support students in their vocational learning, aiming for learning a professional trade. Methods: The data consists of video recorded lessons from the Sanitary, Heating and Property Maintenance Programme in Swedish upper secondary school. Through concrete empirical examples from video recorded lessons the article explores the interaction between teachers and students in vocational school workshop settings using CAVTA. CAVTA is based on Conversation Analysis (CA) and Variation Theory (VT) and is a theoretical and methodological framework that can be used together and integrated to reach understanding of both how- and what-aspects of the learning process in practice, when analysing teaching and interaction. Findings: Findings shows how aspects concerning a specific vocational learning content that revolves around a vocational practical doing compete for the space with a vocational learning content of a more general nature. These general objects of learning are also related to work-specific vocational learning and knowledge in relation to the future profession, but on a more general level than the task specific vocational knowledge. Altogether, this illuminates how different layers of work-specific vocational learning are made visible in the interaction, and how they mutually contextualise each other in the here and now. Conclusion: This article illustrates that the specific and the general vocational learning content can complement each other and open up for a more in-depth vocational learning. In conclusion, this article emphasises the importance for vocational teachers to develop teaching strategies to navigate between helping the students in their problem solving here and now, and contextualising the specific vocational learning content and making vocational learning relevant for future vocational occupation and working life.

The fruit : into their lunch bag to teach relevance and globalization with food -- The seed : using learning objectives to build a course -- The hatchet : wielding critique to reconsider periodization and place -- The llama : recruiting animals to blend nature and culture -- The fields : science and going outside -- The land : sense of place, recognition of spirit -- The power : energy and water regimes -- The people : environmental justice, slow violence, and project-based learning -- The tools : using technology to enhance evironmental history -- The test : assessment methods, rubrics, and writing

Management of Islamic education as a process of structuring / managing Islamic educational institutions that involve resources in moving it to achieve the objectives of Islamic education effectively and efficiently. While Mujammil Qomar, defines the management of Islamic education as a process of managing Islamic educational institutions in an Islamic way by getting around learning resources and other matters related to achieving the objectives of Islamic education effectively and efficiently. Before the spread of the madrasa, Islamic education was carried out in Kuttab, Halaqah, the Ulama House, and the Mosque. Kuttab is divided into two types, namely the first kuttab which teaches writing and reading, and second is the kuttab which teaches the Qur'an and the basics of Islam. The management system of an Islamic educational institution that is influenced by politics can be categorized into four problems namely first, national education is political-elitist. Second, the Dualism of the Education System. Third, KKN in recruitment. and fourth, institutional dualism. The author provides a basic idea of the efforts that must be made so that there are no gaps from the management of Public Higher Education managed by Kemenristekdikti and Islamic Religious Higher Education managed by the Ministry of Religion. The gap in question is in the form of an education budget that must be equally divided between the General Higher Education and Islamic Religious Higher Education by moving the Islamic Religious Higher Education to be fully managed by the Ministry of Research and Technology so that there is no longer the term institutional dualism that houses it.

This study aims to describe the basic concepts of education financing and education financing models. The research methodology used is the library research method with analytic descriptive data analysis techniques. The results show that an effective and efficient financing model that can be developed is the Power Equalizing model and the Foundation Plan model because the Power Equalizing model is imposed on very rich districts to pay part of the school taxes they collect back into the state's pocket. The factors that influence the financing of school education are influenced by: 1) rising prices; 2) relative changes in teacher salaries (teacher's sallaries); 3) changes in population and an increase in the percentage of children in public schools; 4) increasing educational standards; 5) increasing age of children leaving school; and 6) increasing demands for higher education (higher education).

La dignificación de la docencia universitaria en la actualidad parece clamorosa en un contexto poco favorecedor tanto interna como externamente. Tratar de hallar vías de solución a la misma, desde una perspectiva de profesionalidad democrática, constituye un foco innegablemente problemático. Indagamos metodológicamente en las carencias de la formación del profesorado no universitario, específicamente en la relación entre teoría y práctica, desvelando cómo la investigación puede constituirse en un nexo sustancial entre ambas, válido para regenerar la formación del profesorado no universitario, pero asimismo en una fuente proyectiva para la consideración de la actividad docente universitaria como pleno trabajo académico. Desde esta perspectiva, la actividad académica supone una superación de toda disyuntiva entre enseñanza e investigación. Se propugna de este modo una reconceptualización de la identidad del profesorado universitario vinculada al cambio de su cultura profesional, en la que tradicionalmente la docencia ha quedado relegada a un segundo plano. Esta nueva perspectiva académica podría significar asimismo una renovación de la educación superior en un momento crucial ; The dignification of university teaching now seems resounding in an unfavorable context both internally and externally. Trying to find ways out of solving it, from a perspective of democratic professionalism, constitutes an undeniably problematic focal point. We methodologically inquire into the lack of training of non-university teachers, specifically on the relationship between theory and practice, revealing how research can become a substantial nexus between both of them, which is valid to regenerate the training of nonuniversity teachers, but also a projective source for the consideration of the university teaching activity as a full academic work. From that perspective, the academic activity supposes an overcoming of any disjunction between teaching and research. That way, a reconceptualization of the identity of professors linked to the change of their professional culture is supported, in which teaching has traditionally been set aside. This new academic perspective could also mean a renovation of higher education at a crucial time.