Suchergebnisse

South Africa became a democratic, non-racial state in 1994. The first democratic elections were preceded by fifty years of legislated racial domination. Apartheid (separateness in Afrikaans) involved racial segregation in every aspect of social and political life, from amenities to education, residential areas and marital life. Yet Apartheid built on the foundations laid by previous segregationist regimes. Indeed, ideologies of separate development informed British colonial policy at the end of the 19th century, with the Lagden Commission of 1905 recommending the formal separation of the races and the creation of race-based urban locations. States are essential in constituting race identities and the Apartheid regime sought to divide the population into four racial groups: African, Coloured, Indian (Asian) and White. These racial classifications continue to shape identities, everyday life and policy-making, for example in relation to affirmative action policies. There are particular challenges associated with implementing Black Economic Empowerment (BEE) legislation in the context of an diverse population that was differently and unevenly affected by racial oppression. Race identities were also formed and challenged through resistance to Apartheid rule, such as in the Black Consciousness Movement or the philosophy of non-racialism.

In den ersten drei von sechs kurzen Aufsätzen und Berichten zur Lage in Lesotho werden die Hintergründe der Militär/Monarchie-Allianz nach dem ersten Militärcoup im Jahre 1986 und das Scheitern derselben beim zweiten Coup von 1990 erörtert. Trotz aller Demokratisierungsrhetorik wurde während der Zeit der Allianz jegliche politische Tätigkeit, außer in dem von ihr geschaffenen Komitee-System, verboten. Dieses "no-party"-System wird von der neuen Militärregierung fortgesetzt. Führer der ehemaligen politischen Parteien werden eingeladen, an einer beratenden Versammlung teilzunehmen, dürfen aber weiterhin keine politischen Veranstaltungen abhalten. Im vierten Aufsatz wird die Auswirkung des 1988 eingeführten strukturellen Anpassungsprogramms analysiert. Die anschließenden Berichte verdeutlichen die ökonomische Abhängigkeit Lesothos von Südafrika. Darlegung der wirtschaftlichen und sozialen Schwierigkeiten nach einem Streik entlassener Bergbauarbeiter. Bericht zum Bildungssystem und zu den schlechten Arbeitsbedingungen der Lehrer. (DÜI-Mcd)

This article is based on a free writing exercise given to 31 first-year History Education students in which they were, asked to write 'The history of South Africa according to me'. Using narrative enquiry, the stories of the students, who all had History at school up to their final year, were analysed. What emerged was that South Africa as a political entity is focalised as a place where apartheid took place. Post-apartheid South Africa by contrast is narrated as a free and democratic place. It is focalised by the majority of students as a strong well-established country – a leading example to other nations. In line with this, the vast majority of students tended to limit their account of the history of South Africa to the period prior to the achievement of democracy in 1994. The personal narratives spoke about race being the dominant factor in their historical discourses. ; http://www.td-sa.net ; am2019 ; Humanities Education

The impact of global increases in human mobility on health systems is a little understood but highly political issue in recipient countries. South Africa (SA) is the greatest recipient of migrants from the Southern African Development Community. There is a policy of free primary health care for all in SA – as outlined in the Constitution and the National Health Act – but its interpretation is less inclusive within implementation guidelines and practice. As a result, non-nationals face access challenges, and public health responses have engaged with migration to a limited extent. Migration provides opportunities for health and economic benefits, and has the potential to positively and negatively affect health systems. To maximise positive impact and mitigate against potential negative consequences requires attention and engagement of policy-makers from health and other sectors, including public health researchers and health workers. We outline our current research and existing responses to migration and health in southern Africa.