Suchergebnisse

Development of social entrepreneurship to achieve social well-being as a socially oriented form of business is considered to be a new approaches to solving social problems. Thus our purpose is to describe some features of Ukrainian and foreign experience of social entrepreneurship practice development. In our study we identify the opportunities for the development of this type of business considering social, economic and cultural context of modern Ukraine. We have revealed that social entrepreneurship is a form of business that has predominantly social purposes. Its income is reinvested into the company development, allocated for public issues or directed on social problems resolution. Social enterprises contribute to the development of new forms of entrepreneurship and employment provision to representatives of so-called vulnerable groups. Secondly, perspectives of European and North American researchers to understanding social entrepreneurship differ. Social entrepreneurship in the USA provides an opportunity for self-funding of non-profit organizations, where the attention is paid to the commercial component of social entrepreneurship. In Europe the social component and the role of social entrepreneurship in building of civil society and developing a sense of social responsibility are more important. Social entrepreneurship in Ukraine is gradually developing, but there is a need for creating favourable legal and social environment to stimulate this phenomenon. The main obstacles for its development are as follows: shortcomings of legislation; low level of understanding of the social entrepreneurship concept by the population; lack of information about this concept among the general public; a small number of successful social enterprises which would inspire others; specialists of social services lack skills in business management; lack of government, business and general public understanding of benefits provided by social enterprises etc. Thus, we should conclude that Ukrainian society is not ready for the development of social entrepreneurship yet. We should introduce many changes both on micro and macro levels to facilitate the development of this phenomenon. However, we can prove that social entrepreneurship is gradually being transformed into a real mechanism of social problems solution in Ukraine. ; В актуальных социально-экономических условиях, когда государство демонстрирует ограниченные возможности должным образом выполнять свои социальные функции, возникает необходимость поиска новых подходов и инструментов к решению социальных проблем. Таким инструментом может быть развитие социального предпринимательства как социально ориентированной формы ведения бизнеса, главной миссией которого является достижение общественного благосостояния. Описаны особенности зарубежного и украинского опыта ведения практики социального предпринимательства, а также определены возможности развития этой формы бизнеса, учитывая социальный, экономический, культурный контексты современной Украины. ; В актуальних соціально-економічних умовах, коли держава демонструє обмежені можливості належним чином виконувати свої соціальні функції, виникає потреба пошуку нових підходів та інструментів до вирішення соціальних проблем. Таким інструментом є розвиток соціального підприємництва як соціально орієнтованої форми ведення бізнесу, головною місією якого є досягнення суспільного добробуту. Описано особливості закордонного та українського досвіду провадження практики соціального підприємництва, а також визначено можливості розвитку цієї форми бізнесу, зважаючи на соціальний, економічний, культурний контекст сучасної України.

The article describes the structure and powers of the provincial government in the implementation of the main directions of state social policy. It was noted that on theterritoryofBelarusthey played a major role in solving the social problems of the population due to the lack of zemstvos. The outdated legal framework and the lack of a clear division of functions hampered their effectiveness.In the mid 1880s regulatory committees were established in the structure of the provincial institutions. On the territory of the Belarusian provinces they played an important role in the implementation of social policy, as they controlled the financing of the rural­medical part and partly public charity. However, the experience of the activities of the regulatory committees was unsatisfactory. In this regard, at the end of the XIX century the Interior Ministry proposed to eliminate them, as well as to abolish the provincial food commissions and departments of public charity. It was planned to transfer their functions to the zemstvos. This proposal was implemented partially, as a result of the introduction of the institutions of local economy in theVitebsk,MinskandMogilevprovinces in 1903.At the end of the XIX century in the structure of the provincial administration ofBelaruswere created the offices which were entrusted with the functions of monitoring compliance with the workers' legislation, and then the insurance of workers. They were formed under the influence of new social demands. These offices corresponded to new social and economic conditions, in contrast to the provincial institutions, which managed public charity, national food and health care.

In the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, Germans abroad and foreigners in Germany have experienced the most various forms of emigration and immigration: the older German emigration to eastern and south-east Europe, especially to Russia and Austria-Hungary; the transatlantic mass emigration from nineteenth-century Germany; the mass movement of foreign migrant workers, especially from Congress Poland and Austrian Galicia, in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries; forced labor by foreign workers ('Fremdarbeiter') in Nazi Germany; emigration from Nazi Germany on political, ideological, and racial grounds; forced resettlement in German-occupied Europe during World War II; movements of millions of expellees and refugees at the end of the war and in its aftermath; the admission of foreigners seeking political asylum; finally, the enlistment of millions of 'guest workers,' beginning in the mid-1950s and increasing massively after the building of the Berlin Wall in 1961. Many of these foreigners on the labor market changed from highly mobile migrant workers into true immigrants, thus confronting Germany with challenges that recall of the experiences of nineteenth-century German immigrants abroad, nearly forgotten in German collective memory.

First edition appears in this catalogue under Foreign policy association, New York. ; "First published September 1937 . second edition, revised by Elizabeth Ogg, May 1939." ; "Suggested reading": p. 64. ; Mode of access: Internet.

Socio-economic development, which is seen around the world today, has contributed to the emergence of new problems of a social nature. Different political, historical, geographical or economic conditions cause that, in addition to global issues of social policy such as an aging population, unemployment, migration, countries, regions, there are also specific new problems that require diagnosis, individualized approach and efficient, planned solutions. These should include, among others, digital addiction, peer violence, obesity among children, the problem of 'legal highs', stress, depression, diseases associated with environmental pollution etc. The central authorities, selected most often with the tools specific to representative democracy, that is, the general election, for many reasons, inter alia, organizational, communication, are not able to effectively diagnose their intensity, territorial distribution, and thus to effectively fight them. This article aims to show how in Poland, citizens influence solving problems related to the broader social policy implemented at the local government level and indicates the possibilities of improving those solutions. The conclusions of theoretical analysis have been supported by empirical studies, which tested the use of instruments of participatory democracy in the planning and creation of communal strategies for solving social problems in one of the Polish voivodeships.

The work Social dialogue, problems, and solutions in education. Online education in the pandemic, led by Professor Valeriu Frunzaru and Oana Ștefăniță is an important part of the project no. 2019/101974 "Development of tripartite and bipartite dialogue and consultation structures in the education sector", project implemented by the Federation of Free Trade Unions in Education, in partnership with Skolenes Landsforbund Norway. The results of the study are disseminated in two volumes. This book is the first volume and focuses on teachers' perception on education in 2020, while the second volume will provide a comparative analysis between 2014 and 2020.