Suchergebnisse

Wolfgang Hein constructs an ideal type of global economy where complete mobility of all production factors exists. Limiting the mobility of labor through borders protects the actual earnings levels & the corresponding social comforts of the labor force within the core states. Should the borders disappear & free mobility of labor is realized then actual earnings within the core states would drop & social comforts would be drastically reduced according to the model. An ethical dilemma ensues: should one adopt, in the interest of poverty migrants, worldwide free mobility of labor or should one, in the interest of humane life styles of the core states' labor force, adhere to limiting this mobility? References. E. Sanchez

Der Beitrag präsentiert die Ergebnisse einer Forschung in einem industriellen Sektor Südbrasiliens. Kooperation zwischen Unternehmen ist unter marktökonomischen Bedingungen keine Selbstverständlichkeit, von einem radikal neo-klassischen Standpunkt aus gesehen, gar kontraproduktiv. Studien über z.B. industrielle Cluster in Italien haben aber aufgezeigt, dass es zu ökonomisch sinnvoller Kooperation kommen kann. Zusammen mit Forschungen über Sozialkapital drängt sich die Schlussfolgerung auf, dass es einen Zusammenhang zwischen Sozialkapital, Kooperation und wirtschaftlicher Entwicklung geben könnte. Wie die ländliche so scheint Sozialkapital auch die industrielle Entwicklung zu fördern. Die untersuchten Beispiele, so argumentiert der Autor, zeigen aber, dass Sozialkapital unter unterschiedlichen makroökonomischen Rahmenbedingungen von durchaus verschiedener Bedeutung sein kann. Soll Entwicklungsintervention auf diesem Gebiet erfolgreich sein, muss sie für Unternehmer konkret aufzeigen können, wie durch Kooperation und Vertrauen mehr erreicht werden kann als durch Konkurrenz und Misstrauen. (Peripherie/DÜI)

It is clear, that the practice from the position of the North to talk about the Third World -- is always linked with the claim to either represent it (semiotic representation) or speak on behalf of it (political representation) -- has to be observed against the background of knowledge production mired in power & question its continuity from the colonial era. Equally, it is clear that also critical counter discourses from the Third World are on no account to be glorified as authentic or emancipatory comments by the subalterns, but need to rather be examined regarding their power mechanisms. Who and how someone speaks about the Third World is the eminent political question. References. E. Sanchez

By means of advocacy & lobbying, world wide women's conferences have seen to it that international & development organizations demand the principle of Gender Mainstreaming. Equality for both genders requires decentralization, democratization & less poverty. Men in government disapprove of mainstreaming. Very few women councilors are represented in government. They have gained their place through the "special seats" of affirmative action. Men fear their own loss of power. The population majority in the Tanzanian countryside are farmers. Women & children work with men, but they do not decide where the money from the harvest goes. Girls are not educated. They need to help at home. Women are treated poorly. They demand their right to land title & want to be able to have a say over common property & funds. The reform program Gender Mainstreaming a.k.a. Gender Budgeting is trying hard to initiate gender justice in all categories by networking programs. The problem is financing the local districts, which receive only a small fraction of the budget allocated by the central government. Not much remains for country women to better themselves. Tanzania is one of the poorest countries in the world & depends on international donors. References. S. Block