Suchergebnisse

Les chercheurs ont mis en évidence que la société industrielle subit des transformations importantes tant au niveau de son système productif que de son modèle culturel et que ces changements ont une influence sur le rôle des travailleurs sociaux. Dans ce contexte, le présent mémoire propose, en s'appuyant sur la méthodologie de l'entretien compréhensif, de mettre en perspective un certain nombre de tensions spécifiques aux assistants sociaux d'entreprise en s'intéressant plus particulièrement à leurs missions, aux tensions identitaires qu'ils peuvent vivre sur les différentes dimensions de leur rôle social et à la manière dont ils concilient, éventuellement, leur rôle d'assistant social d'entreprise avec d'autres rôles. Notre mémoire a permis de procéder à la mise en perspective de certaines missions de l'assistant social d'entreprise, à l'objectivation de tensions sur les différentes dimensions de son rôle et à la mise en lumière de convergences et de divergences entre le rôle d'assistant social d'entreprise et de personne de confiance. ; Master [120] en politique économique et sociale (horaire décalé), Université catholique de Louvain, 2018

For decades, corporate undermining of scientific consensus has eroded the scientific process worldwide. Guardrails for protecting science-informed processes, from peer review to regulatory decision making, have suffered sustained attacks, damaging public trust in the scientific enterprise and its aim to serve the public good. Government efforts to address corporate attacks have been inadequate. Researchers have cataloged corporate malfeasance that harms people's health across diverse industries. Well-known cases, like the tobacco industry's efforts to downplay the dangers of smoking, are representative of transnational industries, rather than unique. This contribution schematizes industry tactics to distort, delay, or distract the public from instituting measures that improve health—tactics that comprise the "disinformation playbook." Using a United States policy lens, we outline steps the scientific community should take to shield science from corporate interference, through individual actions (by scientists, peer reviewers, and editors) and collective initiatives (by research institutions, grant organizations, professional associations, and regulatory agencies).

The swift rise of policy appraisal in recent years – to the status of legal requirement in many countries - has been mirrored by development of many support tools such as environmental models. However, there is a widely- observed gap between extensive supply of such tools, and patchy demand for them; their use is influenced by many technical, procedural, conceptual and political factors. How and to what extent can the relationship between appraisal tools and policy-making be developed, particularly the type of expertise required for addressing complex policy problems such as climate change? This paper addresses this question within the wider concept of science-policy interaction as a fluid and porous interface, and also as a shared, multi-actor process of addressing policy problems. The paper employs a knowledge-brokerage (KB) approach, where the linear model of 'speaking truth to power' is challenged by a more reflexive approach to the interaction. To do this, and to reflect the many context-specific forms of the science-policy interface, we focus on case studies of six different policy problems at different decision making levels and jurisdictions. We assess the most appropriate KB strategy in each case, and critically evaluate the KB approach – how it worked, what factors influenced it and how effective it was. Using the preliminary case study results, we describe a preliminary typology for different 'modes' of SPI operation, and discuss how institutional setting affects the process, governance and success of knowledge brokerage. Work is ongoing, but initial results show that the 'test case' concept acts as a flexible conceptual and practical guidance for researchers in science policy interactions in policy appraisal processes, and can help facilitate the relationship between scientists and policy makers. The approach yields conceptual learning about the science-policy interface, and reveals different actors' conceptual models of knowledge production and application.

In two studies of 5th–12th graders (n = 2,371; n = 999), we compare four groups based on engagement patterns in community service (CS) and/or extracurricular activities (EC). In both studies, adolescents who engaged in BOTH CS (whether mandated or voluntary) and EC had the highest reports of bonding and bridging social capital, intergenerational harmony, and social support whereas those who did NEITHER had the lowest. For most outcomes, adolescents engaged only in CS had higher reports than peers engaged only in EC. Content analyses of what adolescents learned in CS suggest its potential for broadening their awareness of fellow members of their communities, their mutual obligations, and collective capacities.

Argues that the greatest problem with democracy is the "adequate application of democratic principles to social reality." The two main principles of democracy are those that underlie the rules of universal election & public discussion. These principles must be applied by social actors who inhabit democratically organized public spaces & participate in public communication that is institutionally regulated through rituals/ceremonies, making citizenship vulnerable to the logic of public theater. The theoretical perspective of "new institutionalism" is drawn on to propose a nonidealizing notion of public space characterized by a state-market-civil society triangulation in which competent citizens can exercise the control required to maintain a democratic society. Examples of environmental & ethnic mobilizations are used to develop a framework for a form of citizenship that involves considerably more than membership in a national community. It necessitates abandoning the idea of democracy as a set of objective principles in order to make it part of the everyday culture of modern political institutions by ritualizing participation & communication in thousands of arenas. 1 Table, 38 References. J. Lindroth

Argues that the greatest problem with democracy is the "adequate application of democratic principles to social reality." The two main principles of democracy are those that underlie the rules of universal election & public discussion. These principles must be applied by social actors who inhabit democratically organized public spaces & participate in public communication that is institutionally regulated through rituals/ceremonies, making citizenship vulnerable to the logic of public theater. The theoretical perspective of "new institutionalism" is drawn on to propose a nonidealizing notion of public space characterized by a state-market-civil society triangulation in which competent citizens can exercise the control required to maintain a democratic society. Examples of environmental & ethnic mobilizations are used to develop a framework for a form of citizenship that involves considerably more than membership in a national community. It necessitates abandoning the idea of democracy as a set of objective principles in order to make it part of the everyday culture of modern political institutions by ritualizing participation & communication in thousands of arenas. 1 Table, 38 References. J. Lindroth

Social pedagogy has become a common feature of CPD training for staff working with looked after children and adopted children. Social workers, foster carers and adoptive parents use the characteristic features of social pedagogical practice to develop meaningful relationships with a young person in care. Creative elements such as music have been noted to be useful activities in which both parties (children and support worker) can share a common interest and partake within a joint activity. This article sets out to examine the way in which a community music project working with adopted children and their adoptive parents uses social pedagogy and the impact that this may have on the participants. A case study strategy is used to examine the Loud and Clear adoption family learning project at Sage Gateshead, through which a multi-methodological approach was used, including interviews and participatory action research to gather participants' and facilitators' narratives of the impacts the sessions and approaches were having. Furthermore, participatory observations were also undertaken to see at first hand the social pedagogical approaches that the facilitators were using within sessions. Findings from the study indicated that having the opportunity to participate in a joint musical activity was key to helping children and adoptive parents develop their attachments to one another. Similarly, through facilitators providing opportunities for the group to socialise, adoptive parents were able to develop a support network that they felt would have been lacking within their lives. Both of these findings indicate the impact of adopting the common third approach to music making.

Higher education is increasingly expected not only to provide students with disciplinary knowledge and skills but also to prepare them for a future career. As political science is a diverse discipline and does not train students for a certain profession, its students often feel uncertain of the career paths available to them and how their expertise can be used in a future career. In this article, we present and discuss the course 'The Professional Political Scientist', given at the bachelor's level at the Department of Political Science at University of Gothenburg, Sweden, which is an attempt to fill this gap. We present the preparatory work, the design, the pedagogy behind the themes and exercises included in the curriculum, as well as the experiences and evaluations of the first three rounds of the course. Finally, we provide suggestions for teachers interested in developing similar courses.

Presented through a structural social work lens, this paper is a description and analysis of an action research project designed to explore factors that encourage or impede the engagement of youth in the social policy life of their communities. The project was conceptualized in a geographic region characterized by the erosion of community sustainability due to social economic disadvantage and out migration. The project aimed to strengthen communities by enhancing participation of youth in social policy development. It utilized a workshop designed and delivered by youth for youth and the development a Social Policy Action Plan (SPAP) to address a policy issue of concern in youth's local community. Principles of structural social work, with particular attention to power sharing, unmasking the structures, collective consciousness, transformation of power/political and personal change, social action and community capacity building are applied as a lens to explore this project.

Social workers and practitioners working in social care are potentially key players in the prevention of alcohol-related harm and harm reduction for people using services and their carers. This requires attention to workforce development alongside the selection of appropriate tools to support prevention strategies. We report findings from a UK exploratory study into the potential of using Identification and Brief Advice (IBA) as a tool for screening and prevention in social work and social care settings. Thirty-six social workers and social care practitioners attended one of two training workshops on IBA in the South East of England. Pre and post-workshop surveys (n = 35 and n = 20, respectively) and four post-workshop focus groups (n = 36) were conducted with participants to explore the application of IBA taking into account the paradigmatic shift towards prevention and holistic approaches indicated in recent UK legislation and policy. Four themes emerged from the findings: (1) perceptions of the social work/social care role in responding to alcohol problems, (2) ethical concerns, (3) time conflicts and problems of delivering IBA and (4) the role of training. Further studies are needed to evaluate the effectiveness of motivational techniques and tools that social workers can use to promote preventative practise for alcohol-related harm. Different strategies are required to engage and support those working in social care to increase proactive engagement with problematic alcohol use in everyday practise settings.

"Empirical studies of the 'old EU' countries suggest that poverty brings limited social relations and a lack of social support in its wake. At the same time, it is thought that in the transition countries, especially, individual supply crises are compensated for by a composite and stable network of social relations as well as a tradition of solidarity as a dominant value. This paper looks at the ways in which cultures of support vary across the enlarged Europe and to this end examines the link between poverty and social disintegration in countries characterised by different economic, cultural and welfare state regimes. The empirical analysis is concerned with (1) the distribution of social integration across the enlarged Europe, and (2) the verification of the hypothesis of accumulation and compensation in the individual countries. An additional step seeks to identify (3) the reasons for the variation across countries in the relationship between poverty and social disintegration. This macro-sociological perspective examines context effects that allow conclusions to be drawn regarding two hypotheses, in particular - that of stigmatisation and that of crowding out. Is poverty, which only affects a minority of the population in countries with a generally high standard of living, closely associated with stigmatisation, and does it lead to social withdrawal? Does a precarious system of social protection increase private solidarity and is support potential reduced in an environment of universal risk insurance? Within this same context, the paper also looks for evidence of (4) greater recourse to family support in precarious life situations. The data on which the study is based is taken from the European Quality of Life Survey - a representative survey of living conditions and quality of life in Europe that was carried out in October 2003." (author's abstract)

Lifestyle induced addictive habits : a sociophysiological issue of Kolkata, West Bengal / Gouriprosad Datta and Subhashree Basu -- MGNREGA and women empowerment : socioeconomic implications / Arindam Chakraborty -- Age trends in anthropometric characteristics and nutritional status among adult Mahali females of Bankura District, West Bengal, India / Kaushik Bose, Binoy Kumar Kuiti, Soma Pal, and Swarup Pratihar.