Suchergebnisse

Starting from the basic assumption that institutionalized processes of information transfers are never entirely neutral but advantage certain types of information over others, this powerful collection presents the results of a research agenda that, through empirical investigation, systematically examines how information plays a key role in policy-making. As a very dynamic environment characterized by many different modes of information gathering and processing, the European Union forms a particularly interesting venue in which to test the 'politics of information' approach. With a mandate to go beyond the general assertion that informational asymmetry matters, the study has selected a number of pivotal EU actors and policy areas, studying them through 'information lenses'. More concretely the different contributions present a better understanding of the politics of information by examining the formal rules of information access, distribution and processing and by studying how these rules are applied in the day-to-day policy process.

Routledge Q&As give you the tools to practice and refine your exam technique, showing you how to apply your knowledge to maximum effect in an exam situation. Each book contains up to fifty essay and problem-based questions on the most commonly examined topics, complete with expert guidance and fully worked model answers. These new editions for 2013-2014 will provide you with the skills you need for your exams by:Helping you to be prepared: each title in the series has an introduction presenting carefully tailored advice on how to approach assessment for y

Der vorliegende Report entwickelt Empfehlungen zur deutschen Außenpolitik nach dem Irakkrieg. Der Autor wirft dabei aus vier theoretischen Perspektiven Schlaglichter auf das transatlantische und europäische Verhältnis. Theorien hegemonialer Stabilität, Theorien (demokratischer) Sicherheitsgemeinschaften, Interdependenztheorien und liberalinstitutionalistische Kooperationstheorien werden daraufhin befragt, wie sich a) die langjährigen Kooperationsstrukturen sowohl innerhalb Europas als auch in der transatlantischen Region erklären, b) die aktuellen Krisensymptome interpretieren, und c) auf dieser Grundlage die Zukunft der transatlantischen und europäischen Beziehungen einschätzen lassen. Abschließend erfolgen einige Überlegungen zur Zukunft der europäisch-amerikanischen Beziehungen. (ICD)

Why do governments choose multilateralism? We examine a principal-agent model in which states trade some control over the policy for greater burden sharing. The theory generates observable hypotheses regarding the reasons for and the patterns of support and opposition to multilateralism. To focus our study, we analyze support for bilateral and multilateral foreign aid giving in the US. Using new survey data, we provide evidence about the correlates of public and elite support for multilateral engagement. We find weak support for multilateralism and deep partisan divisions. Reflecting elite discourse, public opinion divides over two competing rationales-burden sharing and control-when faced with the choice between multilateral and bilateral aid channels. As domestic groups' preferences over aid policy diverge from those of the multilateral institution, maintaining control over aid policy becomes more salient and support for multilateralism falls. Adapted from the source document.

European Union (EU) pursues a long-term structural approach to political development and modernization, in which ethical considerations blend with security and economic objectives. The concept of polyarchy offers a plausible model of the EU's vision. It is used by liberal political scientists to denote an open, pluralist political, and socio-economic system. More critical political economy theorists emphasize the constraining and insulated features of capitalist polyarchy (which is understood as a sophisticated but anti-democratic system). The EU's strategy and impact can be critiqued in regard to both concepts: the liberal vision of polyarchy and the radical interpretation of this as a relatively diffuse but hegemonic system. In regard to its policies for Egypt, one notes an effort to develop social democracy, participatory development, small businesses, and general pluralism. However, the bulk of its policies continue to support pre-existing elites and the transnational sector of the economy, with a limited role for civil society. Thus, the EU's activity lends itself to the more hegemonic interpretation of polyarchic development. This does not mean that this is how Egypt will actually develop. EU policies are refracted through Egyptian institutions and have complex, multifaceted, impacts on socio-economic and political structures.

This article examines relationships between media content, public opinion, & foreign policy in the United States & the United Kingdom. The investigation proceeds in two stages. First, an agenda-setting analysis demonstrates a strong connection between the salience of foreign affairs in the media & the salience of foreign affairs for the public. Second, two potential effects of varying issue salience on foreign policymaking are examined: (1) issue priming & (2) policymakers' reactions to issue salience. Analyses rely on a combination of U.S. & U.K. commercial polling data & the American National Election Study. Results point to the importance of mass media & issue salience in the relationship between public opinion & foreign policy. 3 Tables, 1 Figure, 62 References. [Copyright 2003 Sage Publications, Inc.]

The new technologies of the information and the communication offer to the European Union wide possibilities to improve and simplify their own internal administration in order to provide an increased transparency and a better access to its information. At the same time, they allow an improved effectiveness in their service to the European citizens and companies, and also enable a better interaction between the EU institutions and the public organisms of the Member States. As a first step towards the electronic administration in Europe, the European Union adopted in 2002 the initiative eGovernment, framed into the plan of action eEurope 2005: a society of the information for all. The goal of this paper is to analyze the strategic plan designed by the European Commission for this first five-year period. It will be analyzed how the Comission is carrying out a transformation process into a virtual administration, and how electronic access to the government services in the Union contributes to strengthen democracy and transparency in the government of the European Union. ; Las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación ofrecen amplias posibilidades a la Unión Europea para mejorar y simplificar su propia administración interna en aras de una mayor transparencia y acceso a su información. Al tiempo, permiten una mayor eficacia en el servicio a los ciudadanos y a las empresas al propiciar una interacción más explícita entre las instituciones y los organismos públicos. Como primer paso hacia la gestión electrónica de la Administración eurocomunitaria, la Unión Europea adoptó en 2002, dentro del plan de acción eEurope 2005: una sociedad de la información para todos, la iniciativa eGovernment. El objetivo de este artículo es dar a conocer el plan estratégico diseñado por la Comisión para este primer quinquenio. Para ello, se analiza cómo se está llevando a cabo el proceso de transformación de una Administración presencial a una virtual y cómo el acceso electrónico a los servicios administrativos de la Unión Europea contribuye a una mayor democracia y transparencia en la Administración eurocomunitaria.

The number of European jihadists currently fighting in Syria surpasses that of any comparable past mobilisation. Authorities throughout the continent fear that some returnees from the conflict, having become further radicalised and having acquired technical skills, might carry out attacks in Europe. They sometimes hold up as an example the man alleged to have carried out the shooting at the Jewish Museum of Belgium in Brussels in May 2014. The profiles of European jihadists in Syria are extremely diverse. Some have long been involved in militant actions. Others converted to Islam or became radicalised only shortly before travelling to Syria. Some reach the country through recruitment networks, while others travel independently. European countries have reacted to the phenomenon with a mixture of hard and soft measures. They often find it difficult to file criminal charges against individuals seeking to travel to or having returned from Syria because of the problems involved in obtaining sufficient evidence. Various softer measures have been put in place to dissuade individuals from travelling and to rehabilitate returnees.