Suchergebnisse

This article examines the colonization of Michi Saagiig Nishnaabeg territory by the Trent Severn Waterway. By examining legal bracketing as a process within Canadian common law alongside prevailing Nishnaabeg philosophy and legal thought, I consider how the construction of a canal system connecting Lake Ontario to Georgian Bay disrupted practices integral to Nishnaabeg law. I offer up the concept of shoreline law as a way to understand particular place-based relationships that Mississaugas hold with water and land and other beings with which they share territory. In particular, I show how colonial domination of Nishnaabeg territory resulted in a gendered dispossession of land that continues to have reverberations throughout Nishnaabeg political systems today. Shoreline law offers up a way to rethink international relations by showing the importance of multiple relationships within the shared space of the shoreline.

AbstractThe objectives of this research are to determine the topics that corporate governance (CG) and social responsibility (SR) have in common, to find which of the topics in common are found only in CG reports, and to find which of the topics in common are found in both CG and SR reports. To meet the objectives, a content analysis was prepared based on a literature review, from which a CG and SR Model Questionnaire table of topics and subtopics in common was compiled. From there, the annual reports, CG reports, and SR reports of 26 main mining companies, all members of the International Council on Mining and Metals, were analyzed. The results showed that 21.52% of topics in common were mentioned in both CG and SR reports, 19.51% were disclosed in CG reports but not in SR reports, and 28.20% were found exclusively in SR reports.

Édouard Fuster, après avoir fait ses armes comme spécialiste reconnu de l'assurance-chômage et partisan de l'obligation, s'investit pleinement dans la refonte du placement public et l'organisation du marché du travail. Figure de la Conférence internationale du chômage tenue à Paris en 1910, il est, à sa suite, l'un des membres éminents de l'Association française pour la lutte contre le chômage (AFLC), au sein de laquelle il milite en faveur de bureaux de placement professionnels de fonctionnement paritaire. En 1915, à l'heure de la mobilisation industrielle, il devient le premier président de l'Office de placement du département de la Seine. Cette contribution examine l'un des cheminements réformateurs de Fuster, qui illustre la perméabilité entre expertise et action, analyse et pratique, entendues non comme des séquences successives, mais comme les moments imbriqués d'une même dynamique, au service de la paix sociale.

The article is devoted to such an important phenomenon in modern political science as the ethno-political process, as well as theoretical and methodological grounds for the study of the Crimean Tatar ethnopolitical process, which is one of the most ambiguous and controversial cases not only in modern Russia, but also in the world. The contradictory nature of the Crimean Tatar ethnopolitical process is determined by the controversy from the point of view of international law of the territory of Crimea — the main area of the process. Particular attention is paid to the theoretical and methodological features of the study of the ethnopolitical process as a category of political science. The essence and content of such a phenomenon as ethnopolitical mobilization and the possibility of using theoretical developments in this fi eld to study the Crimean Tatar ethnopolitical process are revealed.

Abstract
This article tries to bring some clarity to the dynamics of current Tanzanian politics that led to the sudden withdrawal of the country from the voluntary commitment to be a Comprehensive Refugee Response Framework (CRRF) roll-out country and, through this, an international forerunner in the application of the new comprehensive and multi-stakeholder approach embedded in the 'New Way of Working'. Specifically, the article will look into the possible underlying factors behind the decision to retreat from the application of the CRRF and highlight the potential implications of this course of action. Finally, in light of the above, the article will discuss lessons learned that could inform the implementation of the CRRF in other roll-out countries and suggest possible ways forward on how to strategically work with durable solutions in Tanzania beyond the option of voluntary repatriation.

The huge diversity in family life and living arrangements across the globe has far‐reaching implications for the ways in which families are supported and family justice is administered. Given the serious concerns about the number of relationships that break down and the potentially detrimental impacts on children and their parents, it is essential to understand the triggers threatening the stability of couple relationships, including the financial stresses caused by the recent global recession and accompanying fiscal austerity. Since family relationships are central to the psychological, emotional, social, and economic well‐being of adults and children everywhere, policy makers and practitioners should collaborate across international boundaries to develop interventions that promote family well‐being, secure the best interests of children, and ensure the conditions and systems in which families can thrive.

Drawing on international research, policy, and practice, this article explores what is meant by service user involvement, how it has developed, and how it has been implemented across different areas of practice. Using examples from across the health and social care fields, it reflects on how the learning from other areas of practice in which service user involvement has been successful may be applied to the family justice field. The arguments presented highlight the value of taking a bottom‐up approach in designing and implementing innovations in family justice, which would embrace the views of family members, including children, as 'service users.' It is important, however, to balance both the challenges and the opportunities offered by involving those who are 'experts by experience' in the family justice processes, in order to lead to improved services and experiences.

AbstractThe 2018 Agreement to Prevent Unregulated High Seas Fisheries in the Central Arctic Ocean (Agreement) is a notable intervention in living resources management. The Agreement seeks to anticipate future fisheries management and serves as a reminder as how international legal frameworks such as UNCLOS 'regionalise' seas and oceans. But thus far analyses of the Agreement have tended to focus on its legal and managerial qualities and implications. This paper offers a different reading of the Agreement, informed by critical geopolitics, which focuses on how the Agreement actively produces 'the Central Arctic Ocean' (CAO) which it then seeks to manage. The Agreement will shape not only the future geopolitics of the Arctic Ocean but also the diverse array of interests held by Arctic Ocean coastal states, indigenous peoples, environmental groups and extra‐territorial parties such as China.

2018 aura marqué un nouvel épisode dans le déploiement de la politique chinoise des routes Maritimes de la soie, à la conquête des ports de la Méditerranée. En effet, au tout début de l'année, Marseille était appelée à devenir le deuxième plus grand centre sino-européen du textile grâce au projet porté par un grossiste chinois président du Marseille International Fashion Center 68, ou MIF68. À l'automne 2018, le groupe chinois Quechen Silicon Chemical signait un accord avec le port de Marseille-Fos pour y construire une usine de pneus plus écologiques et destinée à être son porte-drapeau sur le marché européen. La toute récente implantation d'intérêts économiques chinois dans la cité phocéenne montre comment la mondialisation, qu'elle vienne d'en haut ou d'en bas, bouleverse le cadre de l'action des États engagés dans la diplomatie économique.

AbstractRecent studies have investigated how women on boards impact corporate social responsibility reporting, a voluntary strategy clearly influenced by board composition in general and gender diversity in particular. However, this research goes further and proposes to provide evidence about how female directors influence gender issues reporting. Moreover, this research also examines the moderating effect between gender diversity on boards and country‐level factors related to stakeholder orientation. For an international sample of 8,609 firm‐year observations from 2007 to 2016 and by regressing several logit models for panel data, it was found that female directors increase the probability of voluntary reporting on gender issues. Moreover, the findings also suggest that institutional forces related to stakeholder pressures reinforce this effect; the greater reporting on gender issues that female directors achieve is even higher when firms are located in stakeholder‐oriented countries.

AbstractThis article examines the origins of the unique schooling system for Palestinian refugees run by the United Nations Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA). Examining developments c. 1950–57, it illuminates the programme's beginning and explores the objectives of those behind it. Using archival evidence from numerous international welfare organizations and testimonies from refugees themselves, this article argues that the parties providing education and the refugees receiving it often had conflicting objectives that were highly politicized on both sides. Despite the comparatively greater power and resources of the United Nations, the Palestinian refugees were able to make use of their limited leverage in order to shape the education system as they preferred. The UNRWA education programme thus serves as a revealing case study for explaining developmental aid to refugee populations and its inevitable intersection with politics.

La langue néo-hellénique a joué un rôle essentiel dans la constitution de la nation grecque après la déclaration d'indépendance. En couvrant un large spectre qui va du grec ancien à la langue vernaculaire, la langue a été un instrument maniable autant pour l'État que pour la société civile. Sa forme épurée, la katharevousa , souligne la longue tradition historique du peuple grec depuis l'Antiquité et elle permet de se réclamer d'un passé glorieux à un moment où l'État néo-hellénique doit affirmer sa position internationale. À partir de la fin du xix e siècle, sa forme vernaculaire, la démotique, a été mise au service de luttes sociales et politiques. En fait, en raison de son évolution, la langue a permis à la nation grecque de prendre conscience de sa spécificité parmi les nouveaux États nationaux du sud-est européen.

Abstract
When Marx dissected the capitalist economy and intervened in the international workers' movement, he did so in the service of freeing people from alien, uncontrolled power. His political project was the realisation of what he called the social republic, and his theoretical project was to identify the forces that promote or retard this political project. In order to bring out the specificity and cogency of the social-republican Marx, this essay uproots the positive-freedom reading that has overgrown the edifice of his thought. Marx certainly hoped for 'real freedom', which is a sort of self-realisation. He also hoped for a sort of collective self-determination. And he thought that collective self-determination was a prerequisite for general self-realisation. But Marx also thought that generalised freedom from domination was a prerequisite for collective self-determination.

Present publication describes one of the most interesting materials discovered in recent years, which is graphene. This paperwork contains information about graphene's structure, properties, applications and methods of synthesis. The special attention has been given to tribological applications of graphene structures, including the usage of the graphene itself in the composite materials, protective integuments, and additives to lubricants (oils, greases). This publication was based on the information and research results published in the international articles and preliminary researches realized at the Military University of Technology as well. The research results concern the changes of basic lubricants' parameters, which contain different amount of graphene oxide (or comparatively of hexagonal boron nitride). The results obtained during the tests indicate that graphene oxide could improve lubricating abilities of oils and greases.
Keywords: tribology, lubricants, graphene, graphene oxide.

Un mouvement environnemental sans précédent a pris forme lorsque le gouvernement du Bangladesh a projeté la construction d'une centrale à charbon à 14 km des Sundarbans, la plus grande mangrove du monde. Plusieurs experts, dont certains de l'Unesco, ont indiqué que les déchets et la fumée de la centrale menaceraient la forêt et sa biodiversité. Malgré cela, le gouvernement persiste dans son intention de mener à bien le projet en fonction des intérêts de certains groupes au pouvoir. Le mouvement a débuté discrètement en 2012 et est devenu massif par la suite. En 2017, il a réussi à mobiliser la mouvance du militantisme écologique et certaines organisations internationales. Il s'agissait de faire pression sur le gouvernement pour qu'il abandonne le projet d'usine. Cet article décrit l'évolution du mouvement, ses principaux acteurs, sa portée mondiale ainsi que sa situation actuelle.