The features of the formation of sociological conception regarding the mechanism of establishment of trust relationships as a kind of social relations in different periods of time are revealed, points of view of well-known sociologists to study the concept of "trust" are disclosed, that are particularly presented in the writings of E. Diurkgeim, F. Tonis, M. Weber, G . Zimmel, P. Shtompka, R.D. Patnam, E. Giddens, D. Kouman, D. Gambetti, A. Seligmen, Sh.N. Eisenstadt, and many others.
The meaning of dialogue can differ. In a very narrow sense it is defined as a reciprocal conversation between two or more persons. However from scientific point of view it should be first of all understood as an universal value, one of the most important premises for social actions. Dialogue should be than seen either as a form of bilateral or multilateral relations on global or regional scale or as a method of reaching political decisions inside the political system, functioning as a stabilizing factor. A constructive dialogue is constituted by three basic rules: rule of mutual understanding; rule of mutual respect; rule of integrity of each side's convictions and behavior. Coexistence of these aspects creates practical mechanisms for solving problems of human condition, civilization threats and social and cultural conflicts in a globalized world.
Reprinted articles or addresses from various journals; most articles are condensed. ; About trusting people's judgment / World's work, June 1911 -- Experiments in government / Elihu Root -- Symptoms of national decay and the remedy / Wm. Preston Hill -- The initiative and the referendum / James Boyle -- Direct legislation / John Z. White -- Representative government as against direct government / Samuel W. McCall -- Direct legislation / Frank Parsons -- The abnormal in law making / Francis B. James -- Answers to objections to the initiative and referendum / by Geroge H. Shibley and Robert L. Owen -- Brief reasons for the initiative and referendum / Frank Parsons. ; Mode of access: Internet.
Lectures for 1954- issued as Illinois. University. Bulletin. ; Some vols. have title as: Edmund J. James lecture(s) on government. ; Mode of access: Internet.
Arbeitssituation und Parteipräferenz amerikanischer Führungskräfte.
Themen: Detaillierte Angaben zu Ausbildung und Berufsweg; Studienschwerpunkt; berufliche Mobilität; Häufigkeit von Firmenwechsel; Dauer der jetzigen Position und Betriebszugehörigkeit; geplantes Pensionsalter; innegehabte Parteiämter; Staatsämter und Positionen als Direktor in einer anderen Firma; Dauer des abgeleisteten Wehrdienstes und höchster Rang; Einstellung zu mehr Kaufleuten in der Politik; Kontakte zu politischen Führern; Teilnahme an Wohltätigkeitsveranstaltungen; Parteimitgliedschaft und Teilnahme als Delegierter an einem Parteikongreß; Parteipräferenz und präferierter Präsidentschaftskandidat; jährlicher Urlaub und wöchentliche Arbeitszeit.
Nearly 50 years ago, Mark Granovetter initiated a fundamental critique of economic theory. His critique was the starting point for the New Economic Sociology (NES). Particularly, he criticized the emerging theories of New Institutional Economics (NIE), focusing on the ideas of Oliver Williamson (1932–2020) who was one of the most prominent representatives of this school. In this paper we address this critique and Williamson's response to it. Williamson argued from the perspective of transaction cost economics, while Granovetter focused on the social embeddedness of individuals. The impact of this debate on economics has resulted in an increased research interest in the role of institutions and social networks. However, both lines of thought did not bring economic and sociological theories together. NES established as a subdiscipline in Sociology. Its central concept of embeddedness continued to attract interest but proved to be of little empirical applicability. NIE, on the other hand, has become part of mainstream economics.
The article considers the necessity of involving professional income tax payers in the provision of the country's pension system in order to reduce its dependence on subsidies from the budget. This topic is new and little studied in modern science of the Russian Federation, which requires a more careful and diverse consideration of the sources of replenishment of the professional income tax. In the course of the study the authors disclose the conceptual apparatus of the topic, characterize the state of the pension system of Russia, analyze the trends of changes in its key indicators. The authors describe the situation of deficit of the pension payments fund due to the imbalance in the number of working citizens and pensioners, as well as due to the retention of some potential tax funds in the "shadow" sector of the economy. The attempts of the state to reverse the situa-tion by legalizing the work of the self-employed and replenishing their tax contributions to the pension pay-ments fund are noted. The authors' proposals will help release additional funds allocated as subsidies to the Social Fund of Russia for more effective territorial development of the country.
The systemic crisis of the modern complex world is associated with the collapse of idols, with a lack of faith in political and moral ideals and goals. Sociocultural impulses are associated with the sociocultural chronotope of the ethnic group. Eurasian traditions of dialog of cultures in the worldview of the ethnos are connected with the religious sources of the ethnos' worldview. The sociocultural chronotope of an ethnos is ethnically colored. The aim of the work is the study of cultural impulses in the context of ethnocultural archetypes in the worldview of the people. Scientific novelty is associated with the consideration of the spiritual and mental existence of an ethnic group, which creates impulses for sociocultural and political life. Impulses are rooted in human exist-ence. They are associated with the self-affirmation of a person and an ethnic group. Cultural impulses are re-lated to the violation of the need for soulful comprehension of life, spiritual and soulful being of the ethnos and in this hypostasis serve as a prerequisite for sociocultural and political life. In addition, impulses correlate with the perception of space and time of the ethnos, which determines the uniqueness of the ethnos, the peculiari-ties of self-assertion in the universe.
