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When we speak of rhetoric, we have in mind the strength of the word, its ability to affect those who transpose it 1, and, at the same time, rhetoric often appears as an almost absolute body. We focus on mere words, sometimes forgetting that their effect comes not only from a specific rhetoric or intention of the author, but also from the audience with whom they will be confronted. In what follows, we will look at two examples which clearly show how the same rhetoric can be accepted in a very different way depending on the prevailing ethical and political discourse in which the work is understood. We will be interested in two French novels who, for different reasons, provoked drug reactions when they were published in German. We will see how the same literary expression can give rise to debates that vary according to the context in which they are received. When Les Particules élémentaires of Michel Houellebecq 2 and Les Bienveillantes of Jonathan Littell 3 made their 1 Effect described since Aristotle's Poetics as catering. ; International audience ; When we speak of rhetoric, we have in mind the strength of the word, its ability to affect those who transpose it 1, and, at the same time, rhetoric often appears as an almost absolute body. We focus on mere words, sometimes forgetting that their effect comes not only from a specific rhetoric or intention of the author, but also from the audience with whom they will be confronted. In what follows, we will look at two examples which clearly show how the same rhetoric can be accepted in a very different way depending on the prevailing ethical and political discourse in which the work is understood. We will be interested in two French novels who, for different reasons, provoked drug reactions when they were published in German. We will see how the same literary expression can give rise to debates that vary according to the context in which they are received. When Les Particules élémentaires of Michel Houellebecq 2 and Les Bienveillantes of Jonathan Littell 3 made their ...

The safeguarding of human rights remains highly problematic, despite the proliferation of human rights instruments and the many actions taken by a variety of actors, such as governmental and non-governmental organisations, (individual) states and the international community over the past decades. Human rights violations do still occur on a large scale and injustice remains rampant. Central to this problem appears to be that social, economic, cultural and political structures in societies provide denialist defence mechanisms. Such deeply embedded denialism causes and/or facilitates human rights violations, because the true nature of the problems involved remains fully or partly unacknowledged and as a result appropriate action remains absent. In order to safeguard the effectuation of human rights it is thus pertinent to acknowledge and address this problem of denialism and develop strategies to move beyond it. To address the above-mentioned problem, an international conference was organised on the theme of Denialism and Human Rights by the Maastricht Centre for Human Rights in 2015, which brought together scholars, practitioners and students from various disciplines and fields to unearth and address denialism in the context of their own particular area of research. The present volume contains a unique collection of papers that were presented during the conference. The content of the papers ranges from more general reflections on the theme of denialism and human rights to more specific areas of research that are relevant in terms of denialism such as genocide, children's rights, the role of (inter)national organisations, penology, and social, economic and cultural rights

Six experiments examined responses to groups whose attitudes deviated from wider social norms about asylum and immigration (in the United Kingdom), or taxation levels (in the U.S.). Subjective group dynamics (SGD) theory states that people derogate in-group individuals who deviate from prescriptive in-group norms. This enables members to sustain the subjective validity of those norms and, hence, a positive social identity. Research also shows that in-group deviants who accentuate the difference between the in-group and out-group norm (e.g. extremists) are derogated less than deviants who attenuate that difference (e.g. a member who veers toward the outgroup's norm; Abrams et al., 2000). We hypothesized that these effects and the associated group dynamics should scale up when people evaluate deviant groups that are part of larger in-categories. Consistent with SGD theory, participants in Experiments 1, 2, and 3 derogated an in-category attenuating deviant group and upgraded an out-category attenuating deviant group relative to groups that consolidated or accentuated the respective norms of those categories – thereby reinforcing in-category norms relative to out-category norms. Across all experiments, this pattern of differential evaluation was associated with greater subjective validity of the in-category norm. We also hypothesized a novel Deviant Ingroup Protection (DIP) effect, wherein people should curtail derogation of an in-category deviant group when that group is their own. Consistent with this hypothesis, , participants in Experiments 4, 5 and 6 evaluated an accentuating in-group (Experiments 4 and 6), or an attenuating in-group (Experiments 5 and 6) equally to or more positively than other in-category groups. Implications for political and organizational entrenchment are discussed.

In September 2015 photographs of the body of a young Syrian boy, who had drowned attempting to make the crossing by boat from Turkey to Greece, were published in newspapers around the world. These images led to a rise in public and political sympathy and support for refugees in many EU countries. However, such sympathy was short-lived, prompting some journalists to describe 2016 as 'the year the world stopped caring about refugees' (Safdar & Strickland 2016). In this paper, I begin by discussing changes in UK immigration and asylum policy over the past 30 years and highlighting the ways in which successive governments have introduced legislation that has created a 'hostile environment' designed to deter asylum seekers from entering the UK and to encourage failed asylum seekers to leave the UK. Such policies have restricted the civil and social rights of asylum seekers whilst simultaneously the UK government has focused upon policies for the integration of those granted refugee status only. This paper will report on the findings from interviews conducted with 19 refugees and asylum seekers living in Wales and the ways they spoke about their rights in the UK. Each of the interviewees had been living in the UK between one month and twelve years at the time of interview. The data are taken from a wider project focusing on refugee and asylum seeker integration in Wales. I show how policies introduced in recent years have led to restrictions on the day-to-day lives of asylum seekers in Wales and their ability to integrate, focusing particularly on the accommodation provided to asylum seekers via the current dispersal system and the barriers faced in accessing education.

The aim of this study was to determine how adolescents construct their own identity during this important stage of their lifecycle. We evaluated the identity of a group of 42 adolescents between 11 and 12 years (early adolescence) and between 14 and 15 years (late adolescence), from EOMEIS-II (Extended Version of the Objective Mesure of Ego Identity Estatus created by Adams, Benion and Huh, 1989) which is part of an Ericksonian conceptualization of identity. In the results obtained we can see that students have higher scores on a global level, the most active and mature estatus (identity achieved and moratorium) in the passive and immature estatus (identity foreclosed and diffused). The boys have a higher score than girls in stating the identity moratorium on free time and political identity achieved ; El presente trabajo pretende conocer cómo los adolescentes construyen su propia identidad durante esta etapa tan importante del ciclo vital. Valoramos la identidad de un grupo de 42 adolescentes entre 11 y 12 años (adolescencia inicial) y entre 14 y 15 años (adolescencia tardía), a partir del EOMEIS-II (Extended Version of the Objective Mesure of Ego Identity Estatus creada por Adams, Benion y Huh en 1989) que se enmarca en una conceptualización ericksoniana de la identidad. En los resultados observamos que los alumnos presentan una mayor puntuación, a nivel global, en los estatus más activos y maduros (identidad alcanzada y moratoria) que en los estatus pasivos e inmaduros (identidad hipotecada y difusa). Los chicos obtienen una puntuación más elevada que las chicas en las medias en identidad moratoria en el tiempo libre e identidad política alcanzada

The aim of this study was to determine how adolescents construct their own identity during this important stage of their lifecycle. We evaluated the identity of a group of 42 adolescents between 11 and 12 years (early adolescence) and between 14 and 15 years (late adolescence), from EOMEIS-II (Extended Version of the Objective Mesure of Ego Identity Estatus created by Adams, Benion and Huh, 1989) which is part of an Ericksonian conceptualization of identity. In the results obtained we can see that students have higher scores on a global level, the most active and mature estatus (identity achieved and moratorium) in the passive and immature estatus (identity foreclosed and diffused). The boys have a higher score than girls in stating the identity moratorium on free time and political identity achieved ; El presente trabajo pretende conocer cómo los adolescentes construyen su propia identidad durante esta etapa tan importante del ciclo vital. Valoramos la identidad de un grupo de 42 adolescentes entre 11 y 12 años (adolescencia inicial) y entre 14 y 15 años (adolescencia tardía), a partir del EOMEIS-II (Extended Version of the Objective Mesure of Ego Identity Estatus creada por Adams, Benion y Huh en 1989) que se enmarca en una conceptualización ericksoniana de la identidad. En los resultados observamos que los alumnos presentan una mayor puntuación, a nivel global, en los estatus más activos y maduros (identidad alcanzada y moratoria) que en los estatus pasivos e inmaduros (identidad hipotecada y difusa). Los chicos obtienen una puntuación más elevada que las chicas en las medias en identidad moratoria en el tiempo libre e identidad política alcanzada

The aim of this study was to determine how adolescents construct their own identity during this important stage of their lifecycle. We evaluated the identity of a group of 42 adolescents between 11 and 12 years (early adolescence) and between 14 and 15 years (late adolescence), from EOMEIS-II (Extended Version of the Objective Mesure of Ego Identity Estatus created by Adams, Benion and Huh, 1989) which is part of an Ericksonian conceptualization of identity. In the results obtained we can see that students have higher scores on a global level, the most active and mature estatus (identity achieved and moratorium) in the passive and immature estatus (identity foreclosed and diffused). The boys have a higher score than girls in stating the identity moratorium on free time and political identity achieved ; El presente trabajo pretende conocer cómo los adolescentes construyen su propia identidad durante esta etapa tan importante del ciclo vital. Valoramos la identidad de un grupo de 42 adolescentes entre 11 y 12 años (adolescencia inicial) y entre 14 y 15 años (adolescencia tardía), a partir del EOMEIS-II (Extended Version of the Objective Mesure of Ego Identity Estatus creada por Adams, Benion y Huh en 1989) que se enmarca en una conceptualización ericksoniana de la identidad. En los resultados observamos que los alumnos presentan una mayor puntuación, a nivel global, en los estatus más activos y maduros (identidad alcanzada y moratoria) que en los estatus pasivos e inmaduros (identidad hipotecada y difusa). Los chicos obtienen una puntuación más elevada que las chicas en las medias en identidad moratoria en el tiempo libre e identidad política alcanzada

Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Overview -- 1 Gene-Culture Coevolution -- 1.1 Culture Determines Biological Fitness -- 1.2 Reciprocal Causality -- 1.3 The Physiology of Human Communication -- 2 Zoon Politikon: The Evolutionary Origins of Human Socio-political Systems -- 2.1 Accounting for Human Exceptionalism -- 2.2 Models of Political Power -- 2.3 The Moral Basis of Modern Political Systems -- 2.4 The Socio-political Structure of Primate Societies -- 2.5 The Evolutionary History of Primate Societies -- 2.6 Fire and Social Sharing -- 2.7 From Gatherer to Scavenger -- 2.8 Primitive Lethal Weapons -- 2.9 Warfare -- 2.10 Dominance and Reverse Dominance Hierarchies -- 2.11 Are There Egalitarian Nonhuman Primates? -- 2.12 Governance by Consent -- 2.13 Cooperative Mothering: The Evolution of Prosociality -- 2.14 Lethal Weapons and Egalitarianism -- 2.15 The Long-Term Evolution of Human Sociality -- 3 Distributed Effectivity: Political Theory and Rational Choice -- 3.1 Public and Private Spheres -- 3.2 Private and Public Persona -- 3.3 Social Rationality -- 3.4 The Social Rationality of Voter Turnout -- 3.5 The Logic of Distributed Effectivity -- 3.6 Situating Distributed Effectivity -- 4 Power and Trust in Competitive Markets -- 4.1 The Short-Side Power Principle -- 4.2 Power in Competitive Markets -- 4.3 Trust and Integrity -- 4.4 Reputational Equilibrium -- 4.5 Contingent Renewal Labor Markets -- 4.6 I'd Rather Fight than Switch -- 4.7 Regulating Market Power -- 5 Rational Choice Revealed and Defended -- 5.1 The Axioms of Rational Choice -- 5.2 Choice Under Uncertainty -- 5.3 Bayesian Updating with Radical Uncertainty -- 5.4 State-Dependent Preferences -- 5.5 Networked Minds and Distributed Cognition -- 5.6 Limitations of the Rational Actor Model -- 6 An Analytical Core for Sociology -- 6.1 Game Theory -- 6.2 Complexity.

"This volume brings together scholars working on the multifaceted and changing dimensions of citizenship in the ancient Mediterranean, from the second millennium BCE to the first millennium CE, adopting a multidisciplinary and comparative perspective. The chapters in this volume cover numerous periods and regions - from the Ancient Near East, through the Greek and Hellenistic worlds and pre-Roman North Africa, to the Roman empire and its continuations, and with excursuses to modernity. The contributors to this volume adopt various contemporary theories, demonstrating the manifold meanings and ways of defining the concept and practices of citizenship and belonging in ancient societies and, in turn, of non-citizenship and non-belonging. Whether citizenship was defined by territorial belonging or blood descent; by privileged or exclusive access to resources or participation in communal decision-making; by a sense of group belonging - such identifications were also open to discursive redefinitions and manipulation. Citizenship and belonging, as well as non-citizenship and non-belonging, had many shades and degrees; citizenship could be bought or faked, or even deprived. By casting light on different areas of the Mediterranean over the course of antiquity, this volume seeks to explore this multi-layered notion of citizenship and contribute to an on-going and relevant discourse. Citizenship in Antiquity offers a wide-ranging, comprehensive collection suitable for students and scholars of citizenship, politics, and society in the ancient Mediterranean world, as well as those working on citizenship throughout history interested in taking a comparative approach"--

Lorenzo M. Zimelli (European Parliament)Bernd Reichert (Executive Agency for SMEs); Laura Westring (Cabinet European Commissioner/Leadarise); Paul Timmers (European Commission); Bonifacio Garcia-Porras (European Commission); Andrea Toth (Clean Sky Joint Undertaking); Frans Nijs (European Commission)

This volume brings together important and original perspectives from South Asia on the relationship between violence-an increasingly important issue in multicultural societies-and the process of othering. The contributors state that societies create 'others' through deliberate acts of selection over a period of time. The objective of the process of othering is to deny rights and privileges that one sets for one's own group. This volume affirms that central to the understanding of violence in any society is the understanding of othering processes. Violence and nonviolence are influenced by the nature of othering processes as well as the kinds of others in a society. Groups engaged in mutual othering are also the ones that are often involved in violent relationships. Renowned scholars from diverse fields provide multidisciplinary perspectives on violence and othering, discussing the concepts of violence and nonviolence in multicultural societies, communal harmony, constructions of the other, truth commissions, state censorship of 'sensitive' issues, fundamentalism and secularism in multifaith societies, and specific cases from recent violence-prone areas. This volume focuses on the South Asian, and more specifically, the Indian context, but is relevant for researchers seeking to understand these issues anywhere in the world