Suchergebnisse

According to Polarity Theory, all ideologies are fundamentally polarized by a conflict between Humanism, which idealizes and glorifies humanity, and Normativism, which portrays human goodness and worth as contingent upon conformity and achievement. Humanism and Normativism have, however, turned out to be distinct worldviews rather than opposite ends of a single bipolar continuum. Introducing a hierarchical model of their structure and developing scales to measure each facet, I previously showed that they are negatively related across views of human nature, interpersonal attitudes, and attitudes to affect, but not across epistemologies and political values. This report presents the eight-item facet scales and fifteen-item short-measures of humanism and normativism, along with descriptive statistics for each item in US and Swedish samples.

Afreudite : Revista Lusófona de Psicanálise Pura e Aplicada ; A sátira é, neste artigo, a arma utilizada para responder ao relatório do INSERM sobre a eficácia das psicoterapias. A discussão sobre os critérios, os métodos e os objectivos – políticos e éticos – está aberta, tal como a questão sobre os resultados que se esperam das diversas psicoterapias: a cura em si. Assim se abriu também a discussão sobre o "estranho lugar" da psicanálise. ; A lampoon as an answer to the INSERM's estimation concerning the efficiency of psychotherapies. The criterions, the methods and the stakes – political and ethical – of valuation are under debate, as well as the question about the expected results of the psychotherapies: the question of « recovery » itself. At least, the « out-land » place of psychoanalysis is being discussed.

Although the application of the conceptual and analytical framework of economics to the study of populism is still in its infancy, great advances have been made in recent years. This paper reviews some key contributions behind this progress. When analyzing populism, economists face two methodological hurdles: lack of consensus and clarity about its definition and reconciling the populist vote with voter rationality. The former has plagued sociologists and political scientists for decades. As to the latter, it raises a conundrum: if populist policies are detrimental to economic growth, as most economists agree, the vote for a populist candidate suggests some irrationality or inefficiency in the political markets. The works reviewed in this paper propose alternative approaches to address both issues. The most promising line of research in the economic analysis of populism draws concepts from other social sciences such political theory, sociology, history and social psychology.

From the Ninth Symposium Platonicum of the International Plato Society, held in Tokyo, Japan, 2-7 August 2010 ; International audience ; Thumos is hardly definable for two reasons. First, one cannot separate the tripartite psychology from its political locus, that is the tripartite polis ; second, the tripartite psychology cannot be taken as a platonic dogma : it receives several meanings not only from the Republic to the Laws, but also in the very same dialogue, as C. Gill points out in his paper. As F. M. Cornford already showed, thumos is the "weak point" of the city-soul analogy, a psychic part created ad hoc to fit the tripartite city, but eventually referring to a fundamental aspect of social life and behaviour: "Self respect". Similarly, M. Vegetti found three shifts in the city-soul analogy, two of them being explicitly caused by a certain interpretation of thumos, for its function in the psyche is hardly understandable without referring to the social structure in which the individual acts. The Homeric origin of thumos shows that thumos is deeply linked with the ideology of honour and shame, and Plato's aim in the Republic is to use thumos' energy, in neutralizing it and converting it into a new frame of values. As A.-G. Wersinger showed, Plato uses two distinct psychological models in the Republic : a first one centered on the Homeric thumos (Rep. III), and a second one, founded on an erotic psychology, which is responsible for a new function for the thumos.Following this path, I'll try to explain Plato's strategy of converting the meaning of thumos, which is taken to be a function of valuing things. In doing so, we can understand how a misuse of thumos is responsible for the corruption of the philotimos' character, but also, conversely, how thumos is naturally the target of preliminary education. The aim of this paper is to show how this "weak-point" of tripartite psychology is coherent with Plato's aim of leading non-philosophers to virtue. ; La signification de la tripartition de l'âme, et sa ...

From the Ninth Symposium Platonicum of the International Plato Society, held in Tokyo, Japan, 2-7 August 2010 ; International audience ; Thumos is hardly definable for two reasons. First, one cannot separate the tripartite psychology from its political locus, that is the tripartite polis ; second, the tripartite psychology cannot be taken as a platonic dogma : it receives several meanings not only from the Republic to the Laws, but also in the very same dialogue, as C. Gill points out in his paper. As F. M. Cornford already showed, thumos is the "weak point" of the city-soul analogy, a psychic part created ad hoc to fit the tripartite city, but eventually referring to a fundamental aspect of social life and behaviour: "Self respect". Similarly, M. Vegetti found three shifts in the city-soul analogy, two of them being explicitly caused by a certain interpretation of thumos, for its function in the psyche is hardly understandable without referring to the social structure in which the individual acts. The Homeric origin of thumos shows that thumos is deeply linked with the ideology of honour and shame, and Plato's aim in the Republic is to use thumos' energy, in neutralizing it and converting it into a new frame of values. As A.-G. Wersinger showed, Plato uses two distinct psychological models in the Republic : a first one centered on the Homeric thumos (Rep. III), and a second one, founded on an erotic psychology, which is responsible for a new function for the thumos.Following this path, I'll try to explain Plato's strategy of converting the meaning of thumos, which is taken to be a function of valuing things. In doing so, we can understand how a misuse of thumos is responsible for the corruption of the philotimos' character, but also, conversely, how thumos is naturally the target of preliminary education. The aim of this paper is to show how this "weak-point" of tripartite psychology is coherent with Plato's aim of leading non-philosophers to virtue. ; La signification de la tripartition de l'âme, et sa ...

Este trabajo presenta una revisión histórica del Primer Congreso Interamericano de Psicología, realizado en República Dominicana, en 1953. Tal congreso fue organizado por la Sociedad Interamericana de Psicología, constituida en 1951. Desde su creación, esta institución ha promovido innumerables congresos científicos, así como diversas publicaciones y acciones de difusión y acercamiento entre los psicólogos de las Américas. El objetivo de este trabajo es recuperar el acontecer histórico de aquella primera organización científica concretada por la Sociedad Interamericana de Psicología. Metodológicamente se plantea un análisis bibliométrico de las Actas del Primer Congreso Interamericano de Psicología y se recuperan diversas fuentes documentales de primera y segunda mano. Básicamente se ofrece un panorama de las gestiones antecedentes a la realización del evento, las motivaciones que llevaron a la organización del mismo, la elección de la sede del congreso, el temario sugerido originalmente y el efectivamente desarrollado, la nómina de invitados, las actividades académicas y recreativas desarrolladas, entre otras cosas. ; This article consists of a historical review about the First Inter-American Congress of Psychology, which took place in Dominican Republic, in 1953. Such congress was organized by the Interamerican Society of Psychology, founded in 1951. From its foundation the Interamerican Society of Psychology has promoted several scientific meetings, publications, and it has worked to foster the interaction between psychologists in America. The goal of this paper is to examine the historical context of that First Inter-American Congress of Psychology; for this purpose the proceedings of the congress as well as many different documentary sources are analyzed. Basically, it is presented a scenario about the different factors that underlie the organization of the congress, like the social and political motivations, the academic activities developed and the topics that were first proposed and those finally selected. ; Fil: Gallegos de San Vicente, Miguel Omar. Universidad Nacional de Rosario; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Instituto Rosario de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Educación. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Instituto Rosario de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina

"This book is a collection of essential essays on resolving the Israeli-Palestinian conflict by eminent social psychologist Herbert C. Kelman. Few experts or practitioners know the Israeli-Palestinian conflict as well as Kelman, and for over forty years he has conducted interactive problem-solving workshops at Harvard University and elsewhere, engaging more than one hundred Israeli, Arab and Palestinian political activists, journalists and intellectuals in constructive dialogue. Spanning the years 1978 to 2017, the essays gathered here are still relevant today, and attest to the author's broad empathy for Palestinians and Israelis and his passionate pursuit of a resolution of their conflict based on consistent principles that satisfy the essential psychological needs and minimum political interests of both. The selected essays are not only insightful academic papers, but also serve as snapshots-in-time of the ebb and flow of conflict and peace efforts as well as guideposts for future would-be negotiators and facilitators. This volume will be of much interest to students of Middle Eastern politics, peace and conflict studies, and international relations, and will help would-be negotiators and mediators in practice"--

When we speak of rhetoric, we have in mind the strength of the word, its ability to affect those who transpose it 1, and, at the same time, rhetoric often appears as an almost absolute body. We focus on mere words, sometimes forgetting that their effect comes not only from a specific rhetoric or intention of the author, but also from the audience with whom they will be confronted. In what follows, we will look at two examples which clearly show how the same rhetoric can be accepted in a very different way depending on the prevailing ethical and political discourse in which the work is understood. We will be interested in two French novels who, for different reasons, provoked drug reactions when they were published in German. We will see how the same literary expression can give rise to debates that vary according to the context in which they are received. When Les Particules élémentaires of Michel Houellebecq 2 and Les Bienveillantes of Jonathan Littell 3 made their 1 Effect described since Aristotle's Poetics as catering. ; International audience ; When we speak of rhetoric, we have in mind the strength of the word, its ability to affect those who transpose it 1, and, at the same time, rhetoric often appears as an almost absolute body. We focus on mere words, sometimes forgetting that their effect comes not only from a specific rhetoric or intention of the author, but also from the audience with whom they will be confronted. In what follows, we will look at two examples which clearly show how the same rhetoric can be accepted in a very different way depending on the prevailing ethical and political discourse in which the work is understood. We will be interested in two French novels who, for different reasons, provoked drug reactions when they were published in German. We will see how the same literary expression can give rise to debates that vary according to the context in which they are received. When Les Particules élémentaires of Michel Houellebecq 2 and Les Bienveillantes of Jonathan Littell 3 made their ...

Trade unions in Zambia and in several other developing countries have been understood to create 'detribalising' class consciousnesses. In contrast, we argue that Zambian understandings of unionism have developed through similar political economic processes to those that generated 'tribes'. Values and structures that enable concepts of the good life more commonly found among Bemba speakers and Eastern Zambians have been naturalised into Zambia's mining unions, guiding union policy and practice in a manner which limits North Western Zambians' union participation. Utilising Lazar's (2018) understanding of unionism as kinship, we explore how Zambians of various tribes attempt to utilise unions to achieve what they see as human flourishing and social justice. We foreground that people's understandings of the good life frequently incorporate gendered and gerontocratic hierarchies and we demonstrate that intra-national unionisms are co-created through (and influence) local cultural norms and political histories. This encourages anthropologists of trade unionism to ask what values and hierarchies are rendered invisible in other union 'families', and to explore intertwinements between unions and communities enabled through kinship, rather than through Civil Society Organisations. ; Peer reviewed

Byung-Chul Han es un autor cuyos ensayos son recién llegados en el desafiante mundo del pensamiento filosófico. Su noción del poder deriva en consideraciones políticas que el pensador ha denominado psicopolítica, signo de las formas de dominación predominantes en nuestros tiempos. Se podría decir que la noción ontológica del poder en Han determina la reflexión sobre una política que definitivamente toma como su objeto de dominación a la psique humana, dejando atrás a la biopolítica. Partiendo del análisis de su noción del poder, será posible realizar la crítica de la psicopolítica. ; Byung-Chul Han is an author whose essays are new-comer inside of the philosophical thought's challenging world. His notion of the power drifts in political considerations that the thinker has named psychopolitics, sign of the preponderant political forms in our time. It might tell it the ontology notion of the power in Han determines the reflection about a politic that takes definitely as its domination object to the human psyche, drawing away to the biopolitical. Starting from the analysis of his notion power, it will be possible to perform the critic of the psychopolitics.

This volume explores the evolving and complex memorial consequences of political and state violence in post-dictatorial Argentina. Specifically, it looks at the power and significance of personal memories of trauma and loss of two groups of women who represent antithetical versions of the recent Argentinian past: those affected by military terror and those affected by armed guerrilla violence. This volume contends that we need to look beyond political and ideological contestations to a deeper level of how memorial cultures are formed and sustained. It argues that we cannot account for the politics of memory in modern-day Argentina without acknowledging and exploring the role played by individual emotions and affects in generating and shaping collective emotions and affects. Drawing on first-hand oral testimony taken from Argentinian women who experienced the political violence and state terror of the 1970s and 1980s, the research in this volume aims at understanding how their affective memories may be a different source of insight into the ongoing, deep animosities within and between Argentine memorial cultures. In direct contrast to the nominally objective and universalist sensibility that traditionally has driven transitional justice endeavours, this volume challenges the current transitional justice framework and examines how affective memories of trauma are a potentially disruptive power within the reconciliation paradigm. Accordingly, Reframing the Transitional Justice Paradigm: Women's Affective Memories in Post Dictatorial Argentina is an excellent resource for those interested in human rights, transitional justice, social memory, cultural studies, clinical psychology and social work, and Latin American conflicts

Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Overview -- 1 Gene-Culture Coevolution -- 1.1 Culture Determines Biological Fitness -- 1.2 Reciprocal Causality -- 1.3 The Physiology of Human Communication -- 2 Zoon Politikon: The Evolutionary Origins of Human Socio-political Systems -- 2.1 Accounting for Human Exceptionalism -- 2.2 Models of Political Power -- 2.3 The Moral Basis of Modern Political Systems -- 2.4 The Socio-political Structure of Primate Societies -- 2.5 The Evolutionary History of Primate Societies -- 2.6 Fire and Social Sharing -- 2.7 From Gatherer to Scavenger -- 2.8 Primitive Lethal Weapons -- 2.9 Warfare -- 2.10 Dominance and Reverse Dominance Hierarchies -- 2.11 Are There Egalitarian Nonhuman Primates? -- 2.12 Governance by Consent -- 2.13 Cooperative Mothering: The Evolution of Prosociality -- 2.14 Lethal Weapons and Egalitarianism -- 2.15 The Long-Term Evolution of Human Sociality -- 3 Distributed Effectivity: Political Theory and Rational Choice -- 3.1 Public and Private Spheres -- 3.2 Private and Public Persona -- 3.3 Social Rationality -- 3.4 The Social Rationality of Voter Turnout -- 3.5 The Logic of Distributed Effectivity -- 3.6 Situating Distributed Effectivity -- 4 Power and Trust in Competitive Markets -- 4.1 The Short-Side Power Principle -- 4.2 Power in Competitive Markets -- 4.3 Trust and Integrity -- 4.4 Reputational Equilibrium -- 4.5 Contingent Renewal Labor Markets -- 4.6 I'd Rather Fight than Switch -- 4.7 Regulating Market Power -- 5 Rational Choice Revealed and Defended -- 5.1 The Axioms of Rational Choice -- 5.2 Choice Under Uncertainty -- 5.3 Bayesian Updating with Radical Uncertainty -- 5.4 State-Dependent Preferences -- 5.5 Networked Minds and Distributed Cognition -- 5.6 Limitations of the Rational Actor Model -- 6 An Analytical Core for Sociology -- 6.1 Game Theory -- 6.2 Complexity.