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Abstract Learning researcher for teacher learnig in Economic in learning implementation 2013 curriculum at SMAN 2 Pontianak. This type of research was a type of qualitative research. The research subject was the teacher in the field of economic studies. The data analysis technique in this study used was descriptive analysis. In this study, data collected from interviews and direct observation. The results showed that the teacher corrected several factors in the implementation of the 2013 learning at SMAN 2 Pontianak. The implemented of the 2013 curriculum has been implemented, but there were several difficulty factors faced in the process of implemented the 2013 curriculum. From the results obtained through interviews with economic teachers who concluded: 1) from the results of interviews and observations made by researchers at SMAN 2 Pontiana, can be simplified the learning process of the 2013 curriculum running well. 2) in the implementation of the 2013 curriculum, the teacher corrected a number of difficulties, the socialization provided by the government inthe 2013 curriculum changes and the lack of existing facilities and infrastructure were processed. Approved facilities and infrastructure, namely, prefer projector 9infocus), lower textbooks, and lower approved fans. The makes the implementation of the 2013 curriculum at SMAN 2 Pontianak less affective with maximization. 3) Efforts made bye teachers are to use existing facilities and infrastructure as possible. In addition, the teacher also gave advice to the principal to make a budget for improving facilities and insfrastructure in the school of SMAN 2 Pontianak. Keywords:Curriculum 2013, Factors Difficulties Teachers, Implementation of Learning

Background: The association between maternal and infant dietary exposures and risk of allergic disease development is an area of considerable scientific uncertainty. Objective: This study aims to compare dietary habits during pregnancy and lactation in two pre-birth cohorts from the same location approximately 10 years apart, a timeframe characterised by changes in government dietary advice. Methods: The FAIR cohort is an unselected birth cohort born between 2001-2002. The 3rd generation cohort was born between 2010-2018. Both cohorts were established on the Isle of Wight (UK) to investigate prevalence of allergic diseases. Nutrition and allergy data was collected prospectively from recruitment and throughout the infant's early life. Here we present dietary data collected in the third trimester of pregnancy and at three months of age. Differences between cohorts were tested using t-tests, Wilcoxon rank sum tests, chi-squared and Fisher's exact tests. Results: Data was available for 1331 participants (969 FAIR and 362 3rd generation). The proportion of mothers that reported excluding peanuts during pregnancy was significantly lower for the 3rd generation compared to the FAIR cohort (16.0% vs. 55.6%, p < 0.01). Cohort membership, primiparity, and maternal education were significantly associated with excluding peanuts during pregnancy (p < 0.01). The proportion of mothers who reported excluding any foods during breastfeeding was significantly lower for the 3rd generation compared to the FAIR cohort (22.8% vs. 43.4%, p < 0.01). Conclusion: Maternal exclusion of peanut during pregnancy was lower for mothers giving birth between 2012-2018, compared to mothers giving birth between 2001-2002.

UK National Institute for Health Research Health Technology Assessment Programme. Acknowledgments We thank the women who participated in the HEALTH study. We also thank Angela Hyde (Vice Chair of the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists Women's Network until September, 2015, and co-applicant on the original grant application until October, 2016) for her contribution to the design of the participant facing documents and participation in trial meetings from the perspective of a patient, Jonathan Cook (statistician and co-applicant on the original grant application until April, 2014) for his contributions to the study design, Rebecca Bruce for her secretarial support and data management, members of the project management group for their ongoing advice and support of the trial, plus the independent members of the trial steering committee (Henry Kitchener [Chair], Patrick Chien, Barbara Farrell, and Isobel Montgomery) and data monitoring committee (Jane Norman [Chair], Peter O'Donovan, and Andy Vail), and the staff at the recruitment sites who facilitated recruitment, treatment, and follow-up of trial participants. The project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment Programme (project number 12/35/23). The Health Services Research Unit and the Health Economics Research Unit are funded by the Chief Scientist Office of the Scottish Government Health and Social Care Directorates. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NIHR or the UK Department of Health and Social Care. ; Peer reviewed ; Publisher PDF

The study investigated the effects of microcredit on the empowerment of women in the Northern region of Bangladesh. The leading NGOs namely ASA, BRAC, GRAMEEN BANK, PROSHIKA, SKS and TMSS were targeted for data collection in the three selected districts viz., Gaibandha, Rangpur and Dinajpur in the Northern region of Bangladesh. A total of 247 women (Microcredit borrowers) were selected randomly from the selected districts as the sample of the study. The findings of the study showed that microcredit reduces economic problems of the women and helps to enhance economic empowerment. And also after taking loan or involving with microcredit their family income, expenditure and savings increased significantly. Positive and significant empowerment effects were found for the indicators: intra-HH decision, mobility, and own & child healthcare. It is seen that after taking loan or involving with microcredit decision-making power have changed for the women in all the dimensions used in this study and more importantly the women view such changes rather positively. If interest rates are kept low, payments are collected in a reasonable amount of time, and support in terms of education and advice are granted to borrowers, microcredit can continue to positively impact and empower women in Bangladesh and abroad. It is hoped that the findings of this study would prove to be useful for Government departments, NGO's, Agencies and Researchers who wish to do further research in the areas mentioned above and may be helpful to the policy makers and planners in formulating plans for national development.

Nowadays, the Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem is experiencing a lack of interoperability across the multiple competing platforms that are available. Consequently, service providers can only access vertical data silos that imply high costs and jeopardize their solutions market potential. It is necessary to transform the current situation with competing non-interoperable IoT platforms into a common ecosystem enabling the emergence of cross-platform, cross-standard, and cross-domain IoT services and applications. This paper presents a platform that has been implemented for realizing this vision. It leverages semantic web technologies to address the two key challenges in expanding the IoT beyond product silos into web-scale open ecosystems: data interoperability and resources identification and discovery. The paper provides extensive description of the proposed solution and its implementation details. Regarding the implementation details, it is important to highlight that the platform described in this paper is currently supporting the federation of eleven IoT deployments (from heterogeneous application domains) with over 10,000 IoT devices overall which produce hundreds of thousands of observations per day. ; This work was partially funded by the European project Federated Interoperable Semantic IoT/cloud Testbeds and Applications (FIESTA-IoT) from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Programme with the Grant Agreement No. CNECT-ICT-643943 and, in part, by the Spanish Government by means of the Project ADVICE "Dynamic Provisioning of Connectivity in High Density 5G Wireless Scenarios" under Grant TEC2015-71329-C2-1-R.

The presence of IoT in current networking scenarios is more relevant every day. IoT covers a wide range of applications, ranging from wearable devices to vehicular communications. With the consolidation of Industry 4.0, IIoT (Industrial IoT) environments are becoming more common. Communications in these scenarios are mostly wireless, and due to the lossy nature of wireless communications, the loss of information becomes an intrinsic problem. However, loss recovery schemes increase the delay that characterizes any communication. On the other hand, both reliability (robustness) and low delay are crucial requirements for some applications in IIoT. An interesting strategy to improve both of them is the use of Network Coding techniques, which have shown promising results, in terms of increasing reliability and performance. This work focuses on a possible new coding approach, based on systematic network coding scheme with overlapping generations. We perform a thorough analysis of its behavior. Based on the results, we draw out a number of conclusions for practical implementations in wireless networks, focusing our interest in IIoT environments. ; The authors are grateful for the funding of the Industrial Doctorates Program from the University of Cantabria (Call 2018). This work has been partially supported by the Basque Government through the Elkartek program under the DIGITAL project (Grant agreement no. KK-2019/00095), as well as by the Spanish Government (MINECO, MCIU, AEI, FEDER) by means of the projects ADVICE: Dynamic provisioning of connectivity in high density 5G wireless scenarios (TEC2015-71329-C2-1-R) and FIERCE: Future Internet Enabled Resilient Cities (RTI2018-093475-A-100).

Discussions of the future European rural development policy started in September 2016. Participants at the Cork 2.0 European Conference on Rural Development have declared that an innovative, integrated and inclusive rural and agricultural policy in the European Union (EU) should be guided on ten policy orientations. Rural Europe is home to more than half of the EU population and covers more than three quarters of the territory. Rural areas are also important in the preservation of Europe's natural and cultural landscapes and heritage. EU support for investment in rural areas should focus on generating added value for society. Land management has a key role in the interface between citizens and the environment. Policies must incentivise the delivery of environmental public goods, including the preservation of Europe's natural and cultural heritage. Increased pressure on natural resources must be met by coordinated cross-sectorial policy responses. These should ensure the sustainable management of natural resources such as water, soil, and biodiversity, being the very means of agricultural and forestry production. There is a need to develop and mainstream innovative, science-based solutions that allow for producing more with less while ensuring that natural resources are at the disposal of future generations. Effective formats of knowledge exchange and advice should be developed and support provided for the adoption of well-designed land management schemes. For achieving the above-mentioned objectives, in the EU regulatory framework is envisaged a possibility for direct and indirect support for land consolidation, as a tool for sustainable rural development.

This article supposes an approach to the union and political trajectory of two Trotskyist leaders (Cesar Lora and Isaac Camacho) of the mine Siglo XX (Potosí, Bolivia), who introduced in that mining district the socialist thought, expressed in the formation of the 'workers tendency of the Partido Obrero Revolucionario', revolutionary workers party. Lora and Camacho formed political cadres, armed the militants of the 'workers tendency' and confronted the 'May System', a plan devised by the government with North American advice to destroy the mining movement through military intervention and massacre in the mining districts. The government of dictator René Barrientos Ortuño ordered the assassination of the two leaders, who fought in clandestinity, but were betrayed, fired, persecuted and assassinated. ; Este artículo supone una aproximación a la trayectoria sindical y política de dos dirigentes trotskistas (Cesar Lora e Isaac Camacho) de la mina de Siglo XX (Potosí, Bolivia), los cuales introdujeron en ese distrito minero el pensamiento socialista, expresado en la formación de la 'tendencia obrera del Partido Obrero Revolucionario'. Lora y Camacho formaron cuadros políticos, armaron a los militantes de la 'tendencia obrera' y enfrentaron el 'Sistema de Mayo', plan urdido por el gobierno con asesoramiento norteamericano para destruir al movimiento minero por medio de la intervención militar y la masacre en los distritos mineros. El gobierno del dictador René Barrientos Ortuño ordenó el asesinato de los dos dirigentes, que lucharon en la clandestinidad, pero fueron delatados, despedidos, perseguidos y asesinados.

A legal clinic recognized as one of an important program in law school.Legal clinic provides a legal experience to law school students andservices to various clients. Legal clinic typically do pro bono work in aparticular area, providing free legal services to clients. ASEAN EconomicCommunity (AEC) Era become one of challenges for regionalcommunity especially Indonesia on facing and surviving in free tradearea. With high flow of trade activities—in the context of internationaltrade activities—the understanding about employment law is neededon only for practitioners but also students as well as law schoolgraduates. The employment law clinic offers legal advice to members ofthe community on a wide array of employment matters. This service iscritical, particularly at a time when the introduction of employment feeshave caused an alarmingly significant drop in claims. This translates toan increase in non-litigated violations of employment law due tofinancial barriers. The paper would examine three main things, first howwas an employment law clinic in law school legal education as a priorbasic understanding to face AEC era, second how an employment lawclinic can be used by students to establish and increase their capacity inthe context of employment matters, and third how this clinic willprovide a legal service in international trade law context as well asconcerning to labor and employment law. The paper focus onemployment law matters, such as illegal deduction of pay case,employment discrimination, unfair dismissal, zero-hour contract, tradeunion freedom in regional Southeast Asia. The paper emphasized thatthe clinic was need to involve some companies and governments aspartner, as well as the practitioners and lawyers.

The purpose of this research is to develop appropriate policy strategies to attract users to switch modes from private transport to public transport. This research is quantitative research. This research uses the Analysis Hierarchy Process (AHP). The number of interviewees in this study as many as 8 keyperson. Research results indicate that transportation is the most criteria priority has a value weight of 0.612, then the user's criteria of 0.251 became the second prioritized criteria, and the last is the policy criteria the Government of 0.137. Based on the results of the research of the advice given by researchers, namely; the rejuvenation of old age transportation, provide coaching to driver-driver BRT, adding to the shelter-shelter at points of housing and shopping, as well as add new routes in order to reach out to suburban areas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan strategi kebijakan yang tepat untuk menarik pengguna untuk beralih moda dari angkutan pribadi ke angkutan umum. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan Analisis Hierarki Proses (AHP). Jumlah yang diwawancarai dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 8 keyperson. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa transportasi adalah prioritas kriteria terbanyak yang memiliki bobot nilai 0,612, maka kriteria pengguna 0,251 menjadi kriteria prioritas kedua, dan yang terakhir adalah kriteria kebijakan Pemerintah 0,137. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian atas saran yang diberikan oleh peneliti, yaitu; peremajaan transportasi usia tua, memberikan pembinaan kepada pengemudi-pengemudi BRT, menambah shelter-shelter di titik-titik perumahan dan perbelanjaan, serta menambah rute baru guna menjangkau wilayah pinggiran kota

The purpose of this research is to know about bureaucratic pathology study in the Population administration services in Jekan Raya Sub-district office. The method used in this study is qualitative. The primary data in this research is the employee who provides service and community in Jekan Raya Sub-district office. Secondary Data of materials, including books, articles, scientific papers, newspapers, and scientific journals. Based on the research on the pathology of bureaucracy that appears in Jekan Raya district office seen from the complaints of some people in Jekan Raya subdistrict office still there is a convoluted service and existence of bureaucracy also still Very low. To be able to overcome bureaucracy pathology structured in Jekan Raya subdistrict, which must be done by Jekan Raya subdistrict, namely for low serving culture should perform quality public services, where the pattern of service implementation From the re-oriented government as a provider of service-oriented to the needs of the community as a user. Advice on the need for improvement of population administration services to improve the optimal service to the community, such as efforts to add facilities and infrastructure, should the government of Jekan Raya subdistrict can disseminate brochures on Service operational standard for the public to know the procedures of its treatment, the government of Jekan Raya subdistrict can provide information to the public to convey or provide a letter if there are complaints in the box/counter that has been Provided.

AbstractIt is well documented that more research can lead to hardened positions, particularly when dealing with complex, controversial, and value‐laden issues. This study is an attempt to unveil underlying values in a contemporary debate, where both sides use scientific evidence to support their argument. We analyze the problem framing, vocabulary, interpretation of evidence, and policy recommendations, with particular attention to the framing of nature and technology. We find clear differences between the two arguments. One side stress that there is no evidence that the present approach is causing harm to humans or the environment, does not ruminate on uncertainties to that end, references nature's ability to handle the problem, and indicates distrust in technological solutions. In contrast, the other side focuses on uncertainties, particularly the lack of knowledge about potential environmental effects and signals trust in technological development and human intervention as the solution. Our study suggests that the two sides' diverging interpretations are tied to their perception of nature: vulnerable to human activities versus robust and able to handle human impacts. The two sides also seem to hold diverging views of technology, but there are indications that this might be rooted in their perception of governance and economy rather than about technology per se. We conclude that there is a need to further investigate how scientific arguments are related to worldviews, to see how (if at all) worldview typologies can help us to understand how value‐based judgments are embedded in science advice, and the impact these have on policy preferences.

University experts can offer uniquely valuable insights for informing policy based on expertise they develop through research. The application of knowledge through public service is an important and understudied mechanism for translating academic expertise to government and other communities. Today universities encourage researchers to engage in public service, and often they actively provide institutional support to create a culture and environment where such pro bono work is regarded as an important activity by the research community. Yet the question remains as to whether or not a systematic mechanism exists to track, record, and measure the value of university expertise influencing policy within the context of research. We explore a useful but underutilized administrative data source, the Federal Advisory Committee Act (FACA) database, with an eye towards linking the federal service data to other sources in order to measure research impact in a sociopolitical setting. This publicly available dataset contains rich information on federal advisory committees that play an important role in shaping national programs and policies. Each year an average of 900 advisory committees with more than 60,000 members have provided either policy or grant review advice in 40 different issue areas. Our exploratory findings suggest a steady increase of academics in federal service, the different level of federal service contribution by universities, and the association between federal service and university R&D spending. We also discuss the importance of data cleaning when using administrative data for research and data linkage methods when linking federal service data to university research spending records.

The phenomenon used as the object of this research is to improve the welfare of beneficiaries of PMB-RW Program in Pekanbaru City. This research design uses quantitative less qualitative dominant. Quantitative analysis with a sample of 360 respondents using SEM analysis method then SEM analysis results conducted qualitative analysis using descriptive analysis developed by Observer and Triangulation Analysis method from quantitative analysis with 4 informant research determined by purposive sampling. The conclusion of this research is that there is the influence of Empowerment to Improvement of Welfare of Beneficiary Society with the result of measurement coefficient of path reach 0,78, enter "strong" and significant category. The influence of Community Participation on the Improvement of Welfare of Beneficiary Society with the result of measuring the coefficient of lane 0.73, entering the category of "strong" and significant. From the measurement result of multiple regression coefficient, it is known that the contribution of the influence of empowerment (0,594) is bigger than the contribution of Community Participation (0,543) to Improvement of Welfare of PMB-RW Program Relief Society. While the development of the concept obtained is the development of the concept of the Dimensions of Opportunities for Community Empowerment and the development of the concept of Community Participation in Various Development Work. Advice authors to improve the welfare of beneficiaries is done by enhancing, improving and optimizing the performance of the empowerment and participation of active community involvement.

Abstract
By the mid-1960s, many liberals in Britain looked to the American civil rights movement with a sense of awe and apprehension. On the one hand, British race relations professionals admired the progress of civil rights work and attempted to comprehend its applications to British society. On the other hand, some worried that British racial integration was regressing, as the arrival of former Commonwealth subjects at the end of empire stirred severely conservative opposition. This article examines how British race relations authorities spawned transatlantic networks of legal information and comparative analyses of civil liberties struggles in light of American and Canadian experience. It focuses on the construction of antidiscrimination law in Britain between 1965 and 1968, a key period when the Race Relations Board (RRB) first enacted its charge of providing equal opportunity for leisure in "places of public resort" and pushed for an extension of legislation to cover housing, education, and employment. In drawing on the expertise of state antidiscrimination bodies in New York, Toronto, and elsewhere, the RRB built shared networks of mutual support, developed critical commentary on integration projects, and exchanged legal advice to prevent racism and discrimination against Britons of South Asian and Afro-Caribbean descent. An analysis of these interactions expands efforts to map the topographies of notions of civil rights outside America. It also exposes an episode in postwar British history where British liberals called on transatlantic ties to reflect on their own racial politics and attempted to battle discrimination with adapted American legal strategies.