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Against the tenets of realist literature, the article argues that the main source of war in the last half-century is internally-derived, and resides in the nature of post-1945 states. Regional and temporal variations in the topography of war make suspect realist claims of state similarity and systemic explanations of war. It is not the security dilemma nor the international system, but the composition of state legitimacy and the characteristic of weak, strong, and failed states which explain war today. Regions populated by strong states, defined in terms of legitimacy, are arenas of peace, and regions of weak and failed states are a prime location of war.

The problématique of governing diversity has attracted a great deal of scholarly attention but literature has largely overlooked the challenges appertaining to growing religious diversity in many places. The contemporary power sharing models and multicultural policies which are of a secular nature fall short of the expectations to foster peaceful coexistence in multi-religious societies. The primary concern of this paper is to manifest how religion can help us to lessen faith based violence. It is argued that religious traditions may offer valuable insights to design more inclusive governance. In this backdrop, the current paper evaluates the Islamic values of religious accommodation to gauge how helpful they are for designing inclusive policies in religiously diverse societies. The analysis illustrates that Islamic doctrine contemplates the politics of accommodation and forbearance. The pluralistic approach of Islam offered religious autonomy to non-Muslims in the state of Madinah. The 'millet system' established by the Ottoman Empire is widely admired for granting non-territorial autonomy in the matters related to religion, culture, and personal laws to non-Muslims. This display of an Islamic pluralistic approach at different junctures of Muslim history attests the capacity of the Islamic values of accommodation to nurture peaceful coexistence in modern societies. However, it requires a more unbiased and rigorous analysis to convince the global audience in this regard.

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengintegrasikan pendidikan karakter dalam bingkai pendidikan Islam. Fenomena pendidikan yang terjadi di Indonesia saat ini pun cukup beragam, mulai dari aspek sosial, politik, budaya, kesehatan dan ekonomi serta aspek lainnya. Meskipun akhir-akhir ini prestasi intelektual anak-anak Indonesia mengalami peningkatan cukup baik dengan banyaknya prestasi di berbagai olimpiade sains Nasional atau Internasional, namun kemunduran justru terjadi pada aspek lain yang amat penting, yaitu karakter peserta didik/siswa sebagai generasi bangsa Indonesia. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, pemerintah merumuskan dan melaksanakan pendidikan karakter yang banyak di genjarkan di lembaga pendidikan sebagai solusinya untuk di perkuat moralitas peserta didik. Pendidikan karakter yang di integrasikan melalui Intelectual, Emotional and Spiritual Quotient hadir sebagai solusi problem moralitas dan karakter itu sendiri. Hanya saja pendidikan karakter ini memiliki kelebihan karena merangkum tiga aspek kecerdasan peserta didik/siswa, yaitu kecerdasan afektif, kognitif dan psikomotorik.

The advancement of science and technology has a serious impact on human life. The negative effects of globalization and the environmental crisis must be faced by Muslims. Islamic education must be able to build a strong Muslim generation through quality and qualified Islamic education which capable of "mastering"-not "mastered by"- knowledge and technology. This paper seeks to analyze the causes of the low quality of Muslim resources and the advancement of science and technology. This study focuses on the management of Islamic educational institutions to face the challenges of globalization. Therefore, Islamic education needs to reformulate in order to find a solution to the problems that have been faced by society. As the result, it must go through many things: firstly, the reconstruction of a contextual-critical Islamic education paradigm. Secondly, the reorientation of the goals and curriculum of Islamic education. Thirdly, the reorientation of Islamic human resource management and development. And fourthly, the democratization of Islamic education and the creation of alternative Islamic educational institutions.

With a population of 1.2 billion, India is many countries. Ten of its states have populations equalling or exceeding that of the United Kingdom. Therefore, to fully understand the current experiment in economic reforms in the country, it must be studied it at the level of the state. In this spirit, the present book provides an analysis of how the national reforms have shaped the economies of different states in India.

Analyses of the political and ideological transformation of Hizbullah.

Islamic law is one of the raw materials for the national legal systems in addition to the customary law and the law of the West.Therefore Islamic law can be used as raw material for the construction of the device, order and culture of origin of national law does not conflict with the values of Pancasila and the 1945 CONSTITUTION and in accordance with the needs of the people of Indonesia law.Can not be contradicted by evidence of any kind that Islamic law has an important and strategic position in national law drafting and pmbentukan Indonesia One of the efforts to incorporate Islamic law into the national laws of grammar through transformation.This paper discusses about the effort will be the transformation of Islamic law into the law of Indonesia governance. the formalization of Islamic law if done substantively, cannot be released and must be preceded by a reference to the judiciary with constitutional considerations and the history of the nation. The process is inseparable from the history of Islamic law in Indonesia, and the policy of Indonesian legal politics in placing the position of Islamic law in the national legal system.

Education is one of the most important factors in the development efforts undertaken by a government. Because education is an effort to develop human potencies of learners in the form of physic, creativity and initiative for those potencies to be real and functioned for life. History records that a country having high attentions to education will develop higher compared to that of which does not. However, high attention from government is not merely enough; therefore practitioners and academics should strive to create relentless innovations in managing and developing education to improve the quality of education which aims at educating nations and establishing competitive and dignified human beings.

This study aims to develop scientific treasures on the focus of educational political studies that are not yet familiar in Indonesia, especially regarding the politics of strengthening Islamic education institutions Era of the Minister of Religion K.H.A. Wahid Hasyim Indonesia that has never been studied by anyone, so this study becomes important to study. This study uses "Interest Groups Theory" which has been incorporated in The Politics of Education Association (PEA) as an analysis knife so that it is relevant to the context of the discussion. The method in this study uses the qualitative method "Library Research" with an educational political approach with historical style. Whereas in collecting data obtained do documentation study and interview, and data analysis technique used by qualitative circular analysis technique by describing, classifying and combining. In this study there were two important findings. First, the emergence of a program of strengthening Islamic higher education institutions in Indonesia on the basis of the construction of internal and external factors was the existence of the "Balance Motive" praxis by using a rational and spiritual approach which was emphasized in the concept and practice, namely the balance between science and piety, between logic and morality, between religious and public education, both must complement each other which is confirmed through the political program of his institutional notion which is establish a "complete Islamic University and makes PTAIN a modern embryo of civilization under the control of the Ministry Religion. The second finding, in practice, is the interaction pattern used by the era of the Minister of Religion of K.H. A. Wahid Hasyim in the process of strengthening Islamic higher education institutions in Indonesiaisan interaction pattern of "Accommodative Compromistic Associative", namely the pattern of interaction that has an indication of "balanced" synthesis with secular groups, even training with the regime, in ways that are more adaptive and prioritize stability and interests all groups by reflecting competitive, compromise, cooperative and tassammuh and tawassuth processes to reduce conflict between groups with the aim of obtaining alternative solutions.

Intro -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Acknowledgements -- Glossary -- Introduction -- Chapter 1: The white Muslim convert in theory and method -- Chapter 2: Turning Turk -- Chapter 3: Un-Australian -- Chapter 4: Muslim constructions of the Wild White West -- Chapter 5: Pin-up boys and ASIO spies -- Chapter 6: Becoming and unbecoming white -- Chapter 7: Reflections on culture and belonging -- Conclusion -- References -- Index.

Surau is an Islamic education institution that is the prototype of other Islamic educational institutions in Minangkabau. Historically, the existence of surau began to decline due to modernization which permeated the Islamic world. The evolution of the Islamic education system from halaqah to classical, changes in curriculum, levels in the world of education, mixing of Islamic education with basic colonial lessons and so on are the effects of modernization and the development of the technology industry in the early 20th century and the millennial era today. The evolution of Islamic education in Minangkabau is caused by several factors, including the modernization of ideology and the influence of culture from other regions, the developing system of government, and the rapid advances in industrial technology. The method used is library research with historical and philological approaches.