Suchergebnisse

The authors of this volume focus on the second phase of the European intervention in the Black Sea Region (BSR), mainly during the 19th century, when the exchange of knowledge between the East and the West became more intense as a result of the opposing political interests of the Great Powers in their effort to penetrate the Ottoman Empire. This was the era of the Eastern Question, the gradual decline of the Ottoman Empire and the transformation of the Black Sea from a "Turkish lake" to an international trade area. The authors deal with the two dominant Empires around the Black Sea during the "era of Modernity", the Ottoman and the Russian. The history of both Empires highlights aspects of the process of institution building, especially in the fields of religion and education, at a period when ethnic groups and minorities strove for national emancipation.

It is an undisputable fact thatScience, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) are key indices for national development. Despite considerable progress in promoting gender equality and narrowing the gender gap in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) education , women are still underrepresented, receive less recognition and disproportionately affected by economics, social, family and environmental stress, experience unequal rights, discrimination and violence in both developed and developing countries. More than half of human population is made up of women. It is on this premise that the role of women in national and international development becomes an issue when viewed from the lens of their participation in STEM disciplines. This paper therefore identified barriers to women participation in STEM education and also examined the extent of women participation in STEM. The paper proposes a new action plan for government in particular and the society in general through which women?s participation in STEM education can be improved.

Globalization and market-based orientation of higher education institutions has increased interest of students, parents, employers, universities, funding agencies, governments, and relevant stakeholders in knowing the rank of their concerned universities at national/global level. This has led to the emergence of several global university ranking systems. Aligned with international trends of ranking, Higher Education of Pakistan [HEC] also initiated ranking of universities at the national level in Pakistan. Subsequently, HEC designed comprehensive ranking criteria for ranking of universities and has implemented it since 2010. This study analyzes the nature of HEC ranking criteria and its constituent indicators from the perspective of global university ranking systems. Using content and thematic analysis, this study found that global university ranking systems mainly focus quality of research and teaching, while HEC additionally focuses effective and efficient use of resources, provision of facilities, social integration, and impact on community development.

The H2020 project FarFish aims to provide knowledge, tools and methods to support responsible, sustainable and profitable EU fisheries outside European waters. To achieve this, one of the implementation tools is the Stakeholder Hub, a multi-level and multi-stakeholder network integrated by scientists, policymakers, resource users, NGOs and other stakeholders aimed to improve fisheries management competences throughout their participation. The Stakeholder Hub is a responsive and flexible platform that adopts the form of a regional working group for the six case studies involved into the project, but adopting the form of a high-level European platform, or even an international forum for cross-cutting issues. This Intermediate report provides a summary on the Stakeholder Hub implementation in the first half of the project. It highlights lessons learnt and improvement areas for the second part of the project.

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International oil and gas companies and their contractors are increasingly required to localise job roles in order to comply with host government's local content legislations. This practice does not come without risks, costs and challenges for asset operators investing in these countries. As such, a progressive training and development process should be followed to enable oil and gas companies to replace expatriates with nationals with the relevant education, competencies and experience. This paper aims to analyse the viability of localising particular job roles, employing a systematic decision support approach for specific job roles and further investigating the result of early investment in the training and development of local people to enable oil and gas companies to reduce staffing costs by localising expatriate job roles. The proposed approach examines the case study of Ghana through engagement with appropriate stakeholders which endorse the validity of the results.

International audience ; The Kingdom of Bagan, with its capital on the Irrawaddy River in central Myanmar, was a primary regional competitor to Angkor whose success was similarly based on rice, trade and conquest. A key question is whether other practices, such as intensified iron production, similarly enabled Bagan's political domination of the region. The Bagan Iron Project represents the first exploration of iron smelting practices conducted around the capital , focussing on three production sites at the village of Zi-O. This paper presents the preliminary results of excavation, mapping and pXRF analyses from the 2019 field season. Comparison of slag and slag mound morphology, furnace visibility and spatial organization between each site suggests the presence of different technical traditions or modifications of one tradition over time. Overall, the scale of Bagan's iron production shows some important differences with their counterparts in Cambodia.

The main aim of this work was to determine the levels of multiple natural radionuclides in an aquatic system (Moulouya river, Morocco) impacted by multiple abandoned Zinc and Lead mines. 238U, 234U, 232Th, 230Th and 210Po were determined by alpha-particlespectrometry in water and sediment samples collected along the river and in samples from three pit lakes of abandoned mines, located in the Upper Moulouya catchment area. The results enabled the analysis of the different levels of impact of former mining activities, depending on the natural radionuclides. While the activity concentrationof U-isotopes in Moulouya river water was slightly elevated in the vicinity of abandoned mine wastes, other natural radionuclides (Th-isotopes and 210Po) levels were typical of a natural environment. This fact is clearly reflected in the magnitude and range observed in the distribution coefficients for the different radionuclides analyzed. ; Spanish Agency of International Cooperation and Development (AECID) of the Government of Spain

International audience ; Open access to knowledge promotes collaboration, sharing, and exchange; further, it nourishes creativity, democratizes innovation (Hippel, 2005, 2017), and facilitates adaptation to a very volatile environment. So how can we favour collaboration and open access knowledge in education to stimulate students'creativity? We propose in this paper to present an experiment of situated learning based on the commons concept. This experiment relies on a method developed by a group of academics studying new work practices and collaborative spaces (the Research Group on Collaborative Spaces): the Open Walked Event-based Experimentation. The OWEE research method relies on collaboration to produce open access knowledge and considers walking in common as a good way to create a community. We adapted the OWEE protocol to a new context-a learning expedition mainly with students in a closed event space-to turn them into active and reflexive visitors of the fair.

International audience ; Cet article se propose de revenir sur trois formes de subversion féministe de l'université. Chacune peut être lue comme une interprétation et une mise en pratique au sein du monde académique – dans ses dimensions pédagogique, scientifique et institutionnelle – du slogan « le personnel est politique ». La prise en considération du personnel entendu comme « ressenti » constitue une subversion éthique et pédagogique. Mais la reconnaissance du personnel compris comme « expérience personnelle » a également une portée épistémologique. Enfin, la prise en compte du privé – au sens de la sphère du gouvernement domestique et plus largement du travail de care – a des implications institutionnelles. La présentation qui est faite de ces trois subversions se veut dialectique. Suivant une démarche philosophique, nous adoptons une perspective critique qui vise à expliciter les présupposés et les rationalités à l'œuvre dans des discours féministes anglophones et francophones contemporains, mais également à apprécier les effets de pratiques liées à ces théorisations.

International audience ; Cet article vise à analyser le développement récent du marché français du jeûne de « bien-être » à partir des promesses qu'il porte et des idéologies dans les-quelles il s'enracine. Le matériau collecté associe une analyse de contenu réali-sée sur les sites internet promouvant les stages de jeûne, des entretiens réalisés avec les responsables des réseaux de commercialisation et une analyse docu-mentaire approfondie (littérature grise et scientifique). Après avoir reconstruit la trajectoire socio-historique de cette promesse, caractérisé l'offre sur inter-net puis décrit la rhétorique mobilisée par les promoteurs, les auteurs identi-fient un assemblage argumentatif mêlant discours alternatif et discours scien-tiste, et se déclinant selon trois axes – l'ascétisme, le politique et l'exploration de soi. Cet assemblage original permet d'appréhender la pratique contemporaine du jeûne comme une technique d'optimisation de soi, où l'on fait du plus avec du moins : un transhumanisme « à mains nues ».

International audience ; Cet article interroge les ambiguïtés des constructions identitaires, entre défense de l'environnement et défense des populations autochtones à travers l'exemple des semences de maïs chez les Nahua et les Totonaque (Sierra norte de Puebla, Mexique). Le maintien de l'agro-biodiversité n'est pas l'objectif poursuivi par ces populations autochtones mais il résulte de leur forme de reproduction socio-environnementale. La comparaison de cette conservation de « facto » des communautés rurales avec celle de « dicho » des scientifiques, des politiques ou des citoyens montre que le paradigme de la conservation de la diversité bio-culturelle repose sur un malentendu plus ou moins productif. Ce malentendu permet certes des formes de politisation contre-hégémonique mais il peut sembler contre-productif quand les semences de maïs sont réduites à leur dimension symboliques (de la naturalité, de l'indianité, de la mexicanité,…) qui masque les divergences du point de vue des épistémologies et des intérêts des acteurs.

The forests of 473 Italian Alpine municipalities were severely damaged by a strong wind at the end of October 2018. The affected forest area covers 42,500 ha. The president of one of the damaged regions asked for help from the TESAF Department of the University of Padua, Italy. Twenty-six international scientists (listed: 25; anonymous: 1) responded to the appeal and collectively wrote this article. At first the value of ramial chipped wood was discussed, then whether the forest should be left or not to its natural evolution, then whether there is a threat of bark beetles, then the time needed for the biodegradation of fallen trees was estimated from the on-site examination of humus forms, ending with political and social considerations. After eight months of discussion, with various reworkings and cuts, a controversial text was born, complete and practical at the same time.

International audience ; L'objectif de la communication est de questionner l'émergence de nouvelles politiques territoriales des villes en décroissance en France dans le cadre des programmes de renouvellement urbain et des politiques publiques participatives. On peut observer que dans ce cadre les nouvelles politiques territoriales réussissent à redynamiser le tissu économique et social des villes en décroissance. La communication développe une approche comparative de deux projets d'aménagement des sites désindustrialisés en France, l'Ile-de-Nantes et les Docks-de-Seine à Saint-Ouen, en se focalisant sur les cas de deux projets urbains représentatifs des politiques publiques participatives, situés tous les deux dans des quartiers centraux des villes en décroissance. A partir de cette recherche on vise à proposer de nouveaux modèles de planification des villes en décroissance en faisant le lien entre les programmes de renouvellement urbain au sein de ces villes et la question de la préservation de leur passé industriel.

International audience ; Politics is unavoidable in human activity being the highest degree of development of man in the polis. It is necessary to analyze politics as art or science in the pretense of guiding the group or the people towards happiness, which, by Aristotelian theoretical definition, is its end and the one who must govern is the Platonic virtuous man. In this case, those who should guide the people with what bases and philosophical discussions we are guided in this regard and if these qualities and / or virtues are possessed by our rulers. This analysis is done under the mirror of the parents of Western culture: Plato and Aristotle. The philosophers referred to have given theoretical bases of who or who should govern, prior development of certain virtues in the rulers. Whose supreme goal is to guide the happiness of the people who govern.