Suchergebnisse

Address before the Am. historical association, New York, Dec. 30, 1946.

Arbeiterwanderung in den ölfördernden Ländern als Folge eines sozialen Prozesses beginnend mit einer homo economicus-Phase, übergehend in neue soziale Ziele und endend mit Diaspora-Gemeinschaften in den Zielländern. Beteiligung aller sozialen Schichten an den Wanderungsbewegungen. Langfristige Förderung des Wirtschaftswachstums durch die Gastarbeiter. Verstärkte Integration Ägyptens in die arabische Welt. (DÜI-Seu)

'North-East Asian Regional Security: The Role of International Institutions' edited by Takashi Inoguchi and Grant B. Stillman is reviewed.

As a method for resolving commercial disputes which have connections with two or more countries, arbitration has been given a tremendous boost this century by two developments at the international level. The New York Convention of 1958—which was first implemented in England and Wales by the Arbitration Act 1975—introduced a regime which went a long way toward ensuring that arbitration agreements are respected and that arbitral awards are easily enforceable. The Convention has been hugely successful in that it has been ratified by upwards of 90 States, including all the countries of Western Europe (with the exception of Iceland) and nearly all countries which are significant commercial centres. More indirect has been the influence of the Model Law on International Commercial Arbitration, which was adopted by UNCITRAL in 1985. Although the Model Law, which seeks to encourage States to modernise their arbitration laws, has not been enacted by a very large number of countries, it has had a significant impact in that it has set an agenda for reform—even for those countries which have decided not to enact it. The Model Law has become "a yardstick by which to judge the quality of… existing arbitration legislation and to improve it".

In recent years, the study of friendship has gained traction in political science. The aim of this article is threefold: (1) to offer an overview of the status of friendship studies and how it relates to the emotional turn in international relations, (2) to present a wide variety of different approaches to studying friendship, and (3) to highlight the contribution that a friendship perspective can make to other fields, such as Peace and Conflict Studies. From Aristotle and Plato onwards, we trace the development of the concept of friendship, and present several theoretical conceptualisations and methodological approaches that can be readily applied when making sense of friendship, both on a personal level between elite actors, and on the international level between states. We end by drawing attention to the merit of the study of friendship specifically for the field of Peace and Conflict Studies, where it helps to address the lacuna of research on positive peace.