Suchergebnisse

Die Entwicklung der modernen Kommunikationstechniken wirkt sich nicht nur auf innergesellschaftlicher, sondern auch auf internationaler Ebene aus - so in der "ideologischen Systemauseinandersetzung". Initiativen sozialistischer Staaten zur Regulierung grenzüberschreitender Massenkommunikation im Sinne von "Zusammenarbeit bei der Verbreitung der Ideen des Friedens" werden begründet und als Anstöße für eine 'Neue Internationale Informations- und Kommunikationsordnung' (UNESCO) vorgestellt. Zugleich wird auf westliche Versuche verwiesen, die neuen Kommunikationstechniken zu destabilisierender Einmischung in die inneren Angelegenheiten anderer Staaten zu nutzen. Abschließend werden Möglichkeiten der Intensivierung gesamteuropäischer medienpolitischer Zusammenarbeit (Fortsetzung des KSZE-Prozesses) erörtert. (AuD-Hng)

"Die Phänomene in den internationalen Beziehungen werden zunehmend wichtiger für den Alltag der Menschen. Zugleich bringt ihre zunehmende Komplexität die Gefahr mit sich, dass das hierfür notwendige analytische Verständnis und damit eine wesentliche Entscheidungsgrundlage für die demokratische Gesellschaft erodieren. Der Beitrag diskutiert mögliche Verständnisprobleme in diesem Bereich, die sowohl aus den internationalen Beziehungen als Gegenstand als auch aus der dazugehörigen wissenschaftlichen Disziplin der Internationalen Beziehungen resultieren." (Autorenreferat)

The Reagan administration's arguments purporting to justify the invasion of Grenada under international law must not be allowed to inveigle the American people into supporting this violent intervention into the domestic affairs of another independent state. Throughout the 20th century, the U.S. Government has routinely concocted evanescent threats to the lives and property of U.S. nationals as pretexts to justify armed interventions into sister American states. The transparency of these pretexts was just as obvious then as it is now. The Reagan administration has not established by means of clear and convincing evidence that there did in fact exist an immediate threat to the safety of U.S. citizens in Grenada. Even then, such a threat could have justified only a limited military operation along the lines of the Israeli raid at Entebbe for the sole purpose of evacuating the major concentration of U.S. nationals at the medical college.

Im Internationalen Privatrecht ordnen Verweisungsregeln einem Sachverhalt das mit ihm am engsten verbundene Recht zu. Diese typisierte Zuordnung eines Sachverhaltes zu einer bestimmten Rechtsordnung wird der Vielgestaltigkeit international-privatrechtlicher Fälle nicht immer gerecht. Es ist deshalb seit jeher üblich, dass Gerichte bei der Falllösung im Einzelfall bestimmte, verweisungsrechtlich nicht anwendbare Rechtsnormen mitberücksichtigen. Die Datumtheorie legt diesen Berücksichtigungsvorgang offen und konturiert ihn. Anders als ihr bisweilen zugeschrieben wird, führt sie dabei nicht zu einer Berücksichtigung ausländischen Rechts als Tatsache. Insofern ist die Datumtheorie entgegen der an ihr geübten Kritik weder ein »Taschenspielertrick« noch stellt sie eine »willkürliche Manipulation« der verweisungsrechtlichen Entscheidung dar. Im Gegenteil: Indem der Vorgang der Berücksichtigung durch die Datumtheorie transparent und nachvollziehbar wird, trägt sie zu Rechtsklarheit und Rechtssicherheit bei.

The regulation of postwar international aviation markets suggests that existing approaches to international institutions cannot adequately account for important elements of international institution building. In particular, scholars have neglected how domestic politics shapes the incentives of national governments to create and maintain international institutions and the impact of domestic politics on the scope and functions of international institutions. Drawing on positive theories of regulation and the literature on property rights, I argue that national politicians use international institutions to increase the wealth available for domestic redistribution. In short, national politicians create and maintain international institutions to maximize domestic political support. I present a domestic political model that explains how, when, and why national politicians create international institutions. The model is applied to the creation of institutions governing international aviation markets in the late 1940s and the reformulation of these institutions over the past two decades.

Building on the author's earlier book, Effective Multi-Unit Leadership, this book has a cross-border perspective on leading from the middle in international subsidiaries that are committing significant capital to land-based multi-unit infrastructures. It captures the zeitgeist of internationalizing hospitality, retail, service and leisure organizations facing challenges in relation to multi-channel/smart technology spread, divergent national cultures and emergent, imitative local competition. It also addresses the conundrum that most subsidiary multi-unit leaders (regional, area and district managers) face, generating commitment amongst their unit managers and team members, whilst coping with their firm's country of origin-based control and change agendas. Continuing the themes that emerged in his earlier book, particularly around how multi-unit leaders (MULs) and directors are expected to expedite a number of competing and contradictory functions, the author finds that in subsidiary-based international situations, complexity and ambiguity escalates due to 'distance decay' and the level of internal and external contextual turbulence. Based on exemplary case studies the author examines how high-performance MULs manage paradox and ambiguity within an international context and how organizations can deliver local effectiveness within a strategic framework determined by a policy-making centre hundreds or thousands of miles away. This book will appeal to managers within international multi-unit enterprises, service directors wishing to train and coach others, students on any of the increasing number of multi-unit management programmes being run in business schools, and academics with an interest internationalizing service-based enterprises.

International Criminal Law in Context provides a critical and contextual introduction to the fundamentals of international criminal law. It goes beyond a doctrinal analysis focused on the practice of international tribunals to draw on a variety of perspectives, capturing the complex processes of internationalisation that criminal law has experienced over the past few decades. The book considers international criminal law in context and seeks to account for the political and cultural factors that have influenced--and that continue to influence--this still-emerging body of law. Considering the substance, procedures, objectives, justifications and impacts of international criminal law, it addresses such topics as: the history of international criminal law; the subjects of international criminal law; transitional justice and international criminal justice; genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes and the crime of aggression; sexual and gender-based crimes; international and hybrid criminal tribunals; sentencing under international criminal law; and the role of victims in international criminal procedure. The book will appeal to those who want to study international criminal law in a critical and contextualised way. Presenting original research, it will also be of interest to scholars and practitioners already familiar with the main legal and policy issues relating to this body of law.

An increasing visibility of religion on all levels of social activity including IR calls into question the stubbornness of Western social sciences unwilling (& unable) to treat religions as important social factors on their own terms, on par with secular discourses. To correct this situation this article uses Nicholas Onuf's post-positivist rule-oriented constructivist ontological framework as a foundation of "International Political Theology" (IPT). IPT is another extension of IR, just as IPE once was. IPT refers to the systematic study of discourses & relations among them concerning world affairs that search for -- or claim to have found -- a response, transcendental or secular, to the human need for meaning. Central to the argument is Charles Pierce's concept of abductive reasoning, not inferior, in fact much more widespread worldwide than the modern understanding of what does or does not constitute "rational" or a form of a judgment. The article shows how IPT can relate religious & secular discourses, so far regarded as "incommensurable". 3 Tables. Adapted from the source document.