Suchergebnisse

Wine has been produced and consumed for centuries and, therefore, reflects wide ranging social and cultural practices. In my study, I recount the story of wine in Italy, from the Greek influence on southern Italian viticulture to the present. I mainly consider modern production, the market for wine, government regulations, and the publication of popular wine "guides". Using Italian wine guides, we can track the developments in production and consumption over the last twenty years, when Italian wines began to enjoy greater international favor. By focusing also on recent marketing of different regional wines, we can also see how both production and especially consumption of wine reflects cultural change in Italy.

Between War and collapse, reconstruction and democratization, urban sociology developed in Germany as a new branch of science. What drew sociologists to the urban environment? By what methods did they explore it? What role did Nazi heritage and the American »Reorientation« policy play? Using the example of Dortmund's Sozialforschungsstelle (social research unit), Ulrike Kändler analyzes conditions and practices of urban-sociological research in the early FRG. She portrays the city and society as different actors, such as Gunther Ipsen, Elizabeth Pfeil, and Hans Paul Bahrdt, and shines a light on the delicate translation services by which scientific change was carried out after 1945. Ulrike Kändler (Dr. phil.) ist Historikerin und an der Universitätsbibliothek Gießen tätig.

Стаття аналізує образи жінок на британських плакатах періоду Першої світової війни. Досліджується процес становлення масової британської пропаганди пропаганди, особливості її візуальної складової. Аналіз плакатів подано як з врахуванням візуального змісту, так й історичного, політичного контекстів, зміни громадянського та соціального статусу британської жінки у роки війни. ; The article is dedicated to images of femininity in British World War I Posters.The features of the formation of British war propaganda and the use of visual materials in it are explored. The analysis of posters is based both on the visual content and historical and political contexts, taking into account changes in the civil and social status of the British woman during the war years.

As a socio-economic category, knowledge presupposes an analysis from the perspective of different scientific fields and disciplines. The applicable methods and procedures, as well as the terminology which results in the continuous development of the content and depth of knowledge, are specific. In line with this development is the diversity of classifications of knowledge that is increasingly expressed not only in its socio-psychological and pedagogical, but also economical aspects and essence. This, precisely, means that as the presuppositions for comprehensive technological civilizational trends and changes, knowledge is not only a social, but also an economic resource that defines the competitiveness and the overall progress of countries and their national economies.

To develop a federal budget process that delivers better fiscal outcomes for the nation consistently over an extended period would require new information and analysis, applying these to decisions through properly designed procedures, and strengthening the institutions that support wise fiscal choices. Changes in each of these process components intended to contribute to good fiscal outcomes are described, and obstacles to their adoption and use are noted. Such reforms could yield budgets that deploy public resources today to carry out strategies promising to increase the nation's ability to survive inevitable social and fiscal shocks and to take advantage of expected and unexpected opportunities for its citizens to thrive, grow, and fulfill their dreams.

Abstract
The article deals with different versions of social practices modeled via historical knowledge. The author shows the role of the Russian historian T. N. Granovsky in the definition of Russia's place in the "Russia-West"-system of axes. She describes the influence of the attempt to change society on historical works of prominent representatives of the "Russian school", such as N. I. Kareev and M. M. Kovalevsky. The article highlights the formation of an aggressive attitude towards Germany during the First World War among Russian historians, such as A. K. Dzhivelegov and V. P. Buzeskul. It also shows society's influence on historical memory, taking the anniversary celebration of the Battle of Leipzig as an example.

AbstractThis paper shows how the rise of the Swiss People's Party (SVP) has affected welfare state reforms in Switzerland between the 1990s and the 2000s. In the 1990s, welfare state reforms drew on "modernizing" coalitions between FDP (Liberals), CVP (Christian Democrats) and SP (Social Democrats) combining retrenchment and "recalibration". In the 2000s the FDP and CVP increasingly sided with the SVP in right‐wing coalitions pushing retrenchment alone. The article shows that changes in party competition have affected welfare schemes differently, with a policy gridlock in pension reforms, where voters of the SVP do not follow their elites, but unilateral retrenchment in unemployment insurance, where recipients can be portrayed as "underserving".

The paper suggests a systemic analysis of the perspectives of development of situation in Post-Soviet Central Asia. Interconnection between the tendencies in different spheres (political, economic, military, social and demographic) is analyzed. The author ascertain the fact of complex and multilateral crisis and also states high degree of uncertainty of further development of regional situation, which is indicated by a great variability of scenarios of further development. The analysis is fulfilled both in short- and long-term perspectives. The study is carried out in two steps: for each of temporal perspectives respective drivers that presently exist are selected. Also, potential qualitative discontinuities that can lead to principal changes of situation are defined within scenario analysis.

The dangerous nexus of climate change, rapid population growth, and conflict has pushed several poor regions of the world—notably in rural areas of the Sahel, the Horn, and the Great Lakes regions of Africa—into states of seemingly permanent crisis (Fig. 1). The distinction between short-run humanitarian response and development assistance aimed at longer-run outcomes has grown increasingly blurred in such places. This disturbing state of affairs, along with social scientists’ expanded knowledge of the intimate interactions between short-term shocks and long-run economic development, has catalyzed widespread interest in building “development resilience,” which has quickly become a centerpiece of many humanitarian and development organizations’ programming.

This article makes the case that street life is characterized by its flow online and offline. Such change requires a new way of doing street ethnography that holds great promise for urban and digital scholars alike. I walk through a set of empirical cases drawn from years of participant observation on the ground and in the network with the same set of teenagers in Harlem. The fieldwork modeled also shifts concepts of public space, reworking Elijah Anderson's Code of the Street through digital study and grounding the concept of networked publics in urban ethnography. This article bridges urban and digital approaches to ethnography to keep pace with the social life of the street.

AbstractYear 2015 is slated as a year of transformation to address unprecedented political, ecological, social, gender and economic inequities. UN negotiations are underway to produce new sustainable development goals (SDGs). The paper argues that ideas matter in the conceptualisation of development agendas, which in turn depend on power constellations within and between the first UN—the member states, the second UN—the UN secretariat and agencies, and the third UN—civil society. The paper tracks past development decades and examines whether the SDGs can and will be as visionary as the UN Charter adopted in 1945, which created moral pressure for institutional and policy change. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

What does the Song Show? Popular Music on Soviet Television. Part 2. 1980s (by Dariya Zhurkova) continues to analyze the problems of popular songs' adaptation to the rules of television shows. This part of the research is based on the example of "The Morning Mail" - a popular TV program in 1980s. The article traces the arrival and development of music video clips on television. Moreover, the article discovers the main role of television in creation of the cult of civilizational benefits and of the institute of "stars", despite the fact that the processes actually ran counter to the official policy and ideology.

The paper analyses the concepts of transparency and accountability, their correlation with other key concepts used in Russian social and economic discourses, and also the critique of the transparency and accountability practices. It is shown that the main effect of development of these technologies is the substitution of reality by the "picture" formed for external users, transformation of this "picture" into the self-purpose. The reason of this is the change of paradigms of trust. Society has passed from trust in authorities with their right to make decisions on the basis of professional judgment to trust in procedures and standards, trust in "picture". We have changed trust in result to trust in processes of its receiving.

Even civil society was one requirement for the process of democrati­zation, but it does not mean the existence of civil society automatically have a constructive impact to the democratization process. The assumpt­ion will be verifiable through qualitative analysis with descriptive analytic method. Experience of Indonesia, Philippines and South Korea showed that the changes of social-democratic politics, were determined by the role of civil society. However, the findings of this study indicate that proliferation of civil society in these countries has led to disagreement among the elements of civil society that have a negative impact for democratization. Thus, civil society can be a trouble maker for the process of democratization.

This article addresses ecosystem service perceptions in the case of pond fish-farming systems in Brazil, France and Indonesia. The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment vision suggests a more integrated reflection on environmental policies with greater adaptability to local knowledge and the development of social learning processes, which tend to promote more sustainable changes in behavior and practice than do sanctions. This study considers a part of the identification of ecosystem services. It shows that perceptions differ with the context, and found few differences depending on the type of stakeholders (fish farmers and other stakeholders). From a methodological viewpoint, this paper opens up new prospects for valuing ecosystem services through a perception study.