Suchergebnisse

"Salt, once a highly prized trade commodity essential for human survival, is often overlooked in research because it is invisible in the archaeological record. Salt in Eastern North America and the Caribbean: History and Archaeology brings salt back into archaeology, showing that it was valued as a dietary additive, had curative powers, and was a substance of political power and religious significance for Native Americans. Major salines were embedded in the collective memories and oral traditions for thousands of years as places where physical and spiritual needs could be met. Ethnohistoric documents for many Indian cultures describe the uses, taboos, and other beliefs about salt. The volume is organized into two parts: Salt Histories and Salt in Society. Case studies from prehistory to post-Contact and from New York to Jamaica address what techniques were used to make salt, who was responsible for producing it, how it was used, the impact it had on settlement patterns and sociopolitical complexity, and how economies of salt changed after European contact. Noted salt archaeologist Heather McKillop provides commentary to conclude the volume"--

PurposeThe question of "why we are in disaster studies" can be essential to reflect on discourses and practices – as students, researchers and professors – in constituting an oppressive disaster science and finding ways to liberate from it.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is based on autobiographical research and institutional ethnography to observe and analyze the discourses and practices about career trajectories as students, researchers and professors in disaster studies.FindingsThe paper provides some categories, concepts, theoretical approaches and lived experiences helpful for discussing ways of liberating disaster studies, such as public sociology of disaster.Originality/valueFew papers have focused on professional trajectories in disaster studies, bringing insights from public sociology and questioning oppressive disaster science.

Résumé La recherche intervention, théorisée par Marc Uhalde, est déployée dans les organisations par le sociologue pour produire des connaissances situées à des fins de transformation des rapports sociaux. Nous interrogeons la capacité de ce mode de recherche à produire des connaissances valides au regard de la discipline sociologique en le resituant dans la pluralité des rapports de production entre science et société. La recherche intervention, revisitée à l'aune des notions de « science en société » et de « démocratie technique », révèle les modalités hybrides qui la composent et en font une combinaison singulière entre production de connaissances à distance des acteurs de l'organisation et coproduction de sens et de capacités avec ces acteurs.

Science studies has often been against the normative dimension of epistemology, which made a naturalistic study of science impossible. But this is not to say that a new type of normativity cannot be detected at work inscience studies. This is especially true in the second wave of studies dealing with the body, which has aimed at criticizing the physicalization of the body without falling into the various traps of a phenomenology simply added to a physical substrate. This article explores the work of Isabelle Stengers and Vinciane Despret in that respect, and shows how it can be used to rethink the articulation between the various levels that make up a body.

Cover -- Half-Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgements -- A Note on References -- Introduction: Reading Gramsci Today -- Chapter Outline -- 1 Crisis and Response: Gramsci's Analysis, 1915-26 -- 2 Intellectuals and Political Leadership -- 3 State, Civil Society and the Politics of Consent -- 4 The Party as the 'Modern Prince' -- 5 Hegemony and the Legitimation of the State -- 6 Historicism and Politics: the Problem of Class Analysis -- Conclusion: Gramsci and Modernity -- Appendix: Italian-English Concordance Table -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index.

Interpreting the Labour Party consists of twelve essays on some of the principal thinkers and schools of thought concerned with the political and historical development of the Labour Party and the wider labour movement. It examines the major methodologies and approaches in Labour studies and critically evaluates much of the most interesting scholarship in this area of study. The essays are written by contributors who have devoted many years to the study of the Labour Party, the trade union movement and the various ideologies associated with them. The collection begins with chapters that examine Labour's ideological journey and assess the impact of the "new political history" on views of the party. Later contributions focus on how the problematic concept of "Labourism" has been applied to the party by the New Left and analyse how Labour's union link has been conceptualised. Key thinkers analysed include Henry Pelling, Ross McKibbin, Ralph Miliband, Lewis Minkin, David Marquand, Perry Anderson and Tom Nairn. Each chapter situates its subject matter in the context of a broader intellectual legacy, including the works of Sidney and Beatrice Webb, Theodore Rothstein, Stuart Hall and Samuel Beer, among others. The book will be of interest to undergraduate students of British politics and political theory, and to academics concerned with Labour politics and history, trade union history and politics, research methodology and political analysis.

This brief comment seeks to extend an understanding of how sex work invites what has been called 'an unusually interested political gaze' in the context of legislative interventions. Using examples of public pronouncements on sex workers by state functionaries as well as in judicial discourse in public interest litigation around their situation, the concern with addressing an 'imaginary audience' is demonstrated. It is argued that such pronouncements should be understood as serving other covert purposes and cannot be seen only in terms of stated intentions.

As evidenced by the countless scandals of recent years, town planning has become a very serious source of political corruption in Spain. As will be analysed in this article, corruption was caused by the confluence of three major factors: the singularities of the Spanish town-planning model, defective oversight mechanisms for municipalities, and the extraordinary growth of housing construction during the last ten years. Finally, the new law on the subject is reviewed and solutions are suggested. Adapted from the source document.

Policy research involves two acts of translation: translation of the problem from the world of reality and policy into the world of scientific method, and then a translation of the research results back into the world of reality and policy.1Since the political scientist, David Easton, commented critically in 1959 on the state of the study of politics by anthropologists,2 many interesting changes have taken place in the analyses of African politics – in fact, of politics of non-western societies in general.

The author offers an analysis of the central concerns of the political economy of communications, identifying three broad policy areas: production policy, allocation policy and policy on capital, organization and control. For the final area, a summary historical analysis is presented.