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The aim of this paper is to extend existing literature on carbon allowance allocation, investigating the impact of uncertainty and ambiguity, due to the lack of future Environmental policy, on the total production in the market. Specifically, we show that an increase in uncertainty has no effect on the total output, whereas an increase in ambiguity leads to a decrease in the total output. An output-based allocation model in Cournot Oligopoly will be used. We will adopt the National Allocation Plan (NAP) of UK for the Second Phase (2005-07) as a case study.

AbstractThis special issue covers several important aspects of China's environmental policy, ranging from evaluation of government programs (biogas and the Sloping Land Conversion Program) that aim directly to enhance the rural environment, to the reform of natural resource sectors (collective and state forest reforms) that set foundations for the sustainable use of natural resources, and to the impacts of urban environmental policies (including urban transportation management and industrial pollution control policy). We provide an overview of the topic and a brief introduction to each of the contributed papers.

"For over twenty years, Environmental Policy and Politics has kept instructors and students abreast of the challenges presented by contemporary environmental, energy, and natural resource problems in the United States. Now in its eighth edition, Michael E. Kraft has updated his definitive text to capture the changing nature of environmental problems as well as policy proposals made through 2020. Drawing from work within environmental science, policy analysis, and political science, this text continues to help readers think critically about how best to address problems through a variety of public policy tools and strategies at all levels of government. Important updates to this new edition include: The latest information about environmental challenges and governmental responses to them, with extensive citation of key sources and websites. Key political and policy decisions through late 2020, including presidential appointments, budgetary decisions, major legislative initiatives, and congressional actions. New learning objectives to facilitate student understanding of key concepts and their applications, arguments advanced over environmental challenges and policies, and the goals and methods of environmental policy analysis. Covers new topics that have emerged during the Trump presidency, including the Clean Power Plan repeal and reduction of environmental regulation, climate change, land conservation, changes in natural resources policies, and a comparison of the Republican and Democratic positions on climate change in 2020. Updated summaries of scientific studies, government reports, and policy analyses. Revised discussion questions and new suggested readings. Environmental Policy and Politics is an essential resource for upper level undergraduate and graduate students in political science and environmental studies looking for an accessible, well-researched and up-to-date text, written with style and flair"--

In 1992, with the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development in Rio de Janeiro and the subsequent Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), the world changed for the science of taxonomy. Many taxonomists appear not to have noticed this change, but it has significantly altered the political climate in which taxonomic research is undertaken. By the late 1990s it was clear that effective implementation of the CBD needed the participation of and funding for the taxonomic community. In this paper, I chart the rise of the Global Taxonomy Initiative (GTI), review some of its goals and explore how it interacts with the CBD. The interactions of the GTI with the Global Environment Facility, a potential funding body, are explored, as are the possible synergies between the GTI and the many other global initiatives linking to taxonomy. Finally, I explore some of the challenges ahead as taxonomy begins to take a front seat in the implementation of environmental policy on the world stage.

The environmental issue is usually addressed from a cost on abatement / preservation perspective. But to effectively conserve the environment, we haveto be actually willing to do so, which might not always be the case. In the present work, I address the polluting problem from a "political" point of view. Is it possible to reach a sufficient amount of pepale who are actually willing to sustain a good environment quality ? Or will we always be in a state dominated by the less environmentally aware people ? With the help of a simple model, we will find that the result depends, amongst others, on the initial state and on some possible psychological aspects.

The environmental issue is usually addressed from a cost on abatement / preservation perspective. But to effectively conserve the environment, we haveto be actually willing to do so, which might not always be the case. In the present work, I address the polluting problem from a "political" point of view. Is it possible to reach a sufficient amount of pepale who are actually willing to sustain a good environment quality ? Or will we always be in a state dominated by the less environmentally aware people ? With the help of a simple model, we will find that the result depends, amongst others, on the initial state and on some possible psychological aspects.

Digitised version produced by the EUI Library and made available online in 2020.

There appears to be considerable enthusiasm about the expected macroeconomic consequences of European integration. If we regard integration, however, in the light of the environment and environmental policy, concern seems more appropriate. Predicted growth in production levels will damage the environment even further while the prospects of a, necessary, policy to prevent waste flows and emissions do not appear to have grown. At the same time a certain optimism seems justified because greater European co-operation could lead to an integrated environmental policy to limit transboundary pollution. In view, however, of the prevalence of economic interests and the weak democratic basis of EC decision making, one must doubt whether the European Community has anything to offer along these lines

This title was first published in 2001. This wide-ranging and comprehensive collection investigates the background to environmental economic development over the last thirty years, and the political implications of new directions resulting from technological and cultural changes in environmental issues. It examines the application of economic analysis to environmental problems in the past and solutions to the current issues of water, soil, air, energy, waste and urban ecology, discussing the implications of political decisions, cultural changes and technological constraints. It will prove a stimulating resource for students, academics, researchers and policy-makers alike.

An introduction to the current landscape : environmental policy and the economy / Tyler Schwartz and Sherif Goubran -- Responses to climate change worldwide : individual preferences and policy actions around the world / Andrew Brennan, Astghik Mavisakalyan, and Yashar Taverdi -- Legislation or economic instruments for a successful environmental policy? : reflections after "Dieselgate" / Theodoros Zachariadis -- Environmental legislation and small-and-medium-sSized enterprises (SMEs) : a literature review / Eleni Sfakianaki -- Bulk water pricing policies and strategies for sustainable water management : the case of Ontario, Canada / Micheal Wood, Horatiu Rus, Olaf Weber, and Guneet Sandhu -- The role of water pricing policies in steering urban development : the case of the Bogota region / Camilo RomeroChapter -- Effective environmental protection and regulatory quality: a national case study of China / Sharanya Basu Roy -- The EU legal and regulatory framework for measuring damage risks to the biodiversity of the marine environment / Ivelin Zvezdov -- Redefining nature and wilderness through private wildlife ranching : an economic perspective of environmental policy in South(ern) Africa / Tariro Kamuti -- Climate change regulations and accounting practices : optimization for emission-intensive publicly traded firms / David Lont and Carol Pompare -- The economic aspects of the adoption of renewable energy policies in developing countries : an overview of the Brazilian wind power sector / Elia Alves and Andrea Steiner -- Ontario's energy transition : a successful case of a green jobs strategy? / Bruno Arcand -- Ethical and sustainable investing and the need for carbon-neutrality / Quintin Rayer -- Building sustainable communities through market based instruments / Ying Zhou, Amelia Clarke, and Stephanie Cairns -- Climate justice in food security : experience from climate finance in Bangladesh / Muhammad Abdur Rahaman and Mohammad Mahbubur Rahman -- A survey of UK-based ethical and sustainable fund managers' investment processes addressing plastics in the environment / Quintin Rayer.

Environmental policy is one of the most regulated & one of the most Europeanised policy areas. This article analyses the concept of Europeanisation, discusses its mechanisms, the mediating factors that lead to change & its possible outcomes. It explores the relationship of specific mechanisms & mediating factors to policy convergence, inertia & divergence. The particularities of environmental policy are presented & a distinction between substantive & procedural policies is made. It is argued that a tendency to convergence of national environmental policies that goes beyond the borders of the EU & further than the "hard" mechanisms of Europeanisation can be observed. Tables, References. Adapted from the source document.

Economic analysis is useful in pointing to policies to reduce the environmental degradation caused by transport, but other initiatives are sometimes required to combat and overcome some of the problems.