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Human Rights Essentials is a clear and concise study and revision guide for students, containing useful summary sections of essential facts and essential cases. Designed to help students gain a quick understanding of property law and as an aid to revision for exams. This book is also an excellent resource for those who need to refresh their knowledge of human rights

Preliminary Material /Francesco Francioni and Martin Scheinin -- Preface /Francesco Francioni and Martin Scheinin -- Contents /Francesco Francioni and Martin Scheinin -- 1 Culture, Heritage and Human Rights: an Introduction /Francesco Francioni -- 2 The Cross-Cultural Legitimacy of Universal Human Rights: Plural Justification across Normative Divides /Tore Lindholm -- 3 Self-Determination and Cultural Rights /Ana Filipa Vrdoljak -- 4 Cultural Rights: a Necessary Corrective to the Nation State /William K. Barth -- 5 Protecting Peoples' Cultural Rights: a Question of Properly Understanding the Notion of States and Nations? /Matthias Ahrén -- 6 Indigenous Peoples' Cultural Rights and the Controversy over Commercial Use of Their Traditional Knowledge /Federico Lenzerini -- 7 The Right of a People to Enjoy Its Culture: towards a Nordic Saami Rights Convention /Martin Scheinin -- 8 Cultural Identity and Legal Status: or, the Return of the Right to Have (Particular) Rights /Eniko Horvath -- 9 Minorities' Right to Maintain and Develop Their Cultures: Legal Implications of Social Science Research /Timo Makkonen -- 10 The Role of the State in Balancing Religious Freedom with Other Human Rights in a Multicultural European Context /Stéphanie Lagoutte and Eva Maria Lassen -- 11 Accessing Culture at the EU Level: an Indirect Contribution to Cultural Rights Protection? /Evangelia Psychogiopoulou -- 12 Language Rights as Cultural Rights: a European Perspective by Susanna Mancini and Bruno De Witte /Francesco Francioni and Martin Scheinin -- 13 The Place of Cultural Rights in the WTO System /John Morijn -- 14 A Right to Cultural Identity in UNESCO /Yvonne Donders -- 15 Political Change and the 'Creative Destruction' of Public Space /Sanford Levinson -- Notes on Contributors /Francesco Francioni and Martin Scheinin -- Subject Index /Francesco Francioni and Martin Scheinin -- Index of Case Law /Francesco Francioni and Martin Scheinin.

This review article considers Samuel Moyn's book The Last Utopia:Human Rights in History in the context of recent trends in the writing of human rights history. A central debate among historians of human rights, in seekingto account for the genesis and spread of human rights, is how far current humanrights practice demonstrates continuity or radical discontinuity with previousattempts to secure rights. Moyn's discontinuity thesis and the controversysurrounding it exemplify this debate. Whether Moyn is correct is importantbeyond the confines of human rights historiography, with implications for theirmeaning in law, as well as their political legitimacy. This review argues that Moyn's book ultimately fails to convince, for two broad reasons. First, a more balanced judgment would conclude that the history of human rights is both one of continuity and discontinuity. Second, and more importantly, Moyn fails to offer a convincing account of the normativity of human rights. Undertaking a history of human rights requires a deeper engagement with debates on the nature and validity of human rights than Moyn seems prepared to contemplate.

THE UNITED NATIONS HAS A RECORD OF CONSIDERABLE ACHIEVEMENT IN THE FIELD OF HUMAN RIGHTS EVEN IF IT HAS TOO OFTEN BEEN MARRED BY DOUBLE STANDARDS AND THE INFLUENCE OF POWER-POLITICS. THIS CHAPTER NOTES THAT IN SO POLITICALLY AND SOCIOLOGICALLY SENSITIVE AN AREA AS HUMAN RIGHTS, INTEGRATION THAT MAY MAKE SENSE OPERATIONALLY MAY NOT BE WISE IN EVERY CASE, BUT SOME GREATER COHERENCE IS CLEARLY NEEDED. IT EXAMINES THE DUTIES OF THE HIGH COMISSIONER AND THE OMBUDSMAN FOR THE UN SYSTEM ITSELF.

Half Title -- Series Information -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Acknowledgements -- Introduction -- 1Objective of the Study -- 2 Approach -- 2.1 Compliance -- 2.2 Effectiveness -- 3 Argument -- 4 Legal Framework -- 5 Methodology -- 6 Structure -- Part 1 A Discourse Analysis of Political Theories - in the Presence of a Paradigm Shift -- 1 Introduction to Part 1 -- Chapter 1 The Four Paradigms or Ideal-Types in the Discipline of International Relations -- Chapter 2 The Different Debates in the Discipline of International Relations -- 1 The First Debate - an Ontological Question -- 2 The Second Debate - a Methodological Shift -- 3 The Inter-paradigmatic Debate -- 4 The Third Debate - an Epistemological Question -- Part 2 Rational Choice Theories and International Human Rights Treaties -- 1 Introduction to Part 2 -- Chapter 3 Realism: Theory and (the Effectiveness of) International Human Rights Treaties -- 1 An Outdated Realism? -- 2 Situating Coercion, Effects and State Behaviour - the Existential Dialectics of Love and Power -- 3 International Human Rights Law - the Function of a Given Political Order -- 3.1 The Concept of the Lesser Evil -- 3.2 The Reality of Human Right Norms -- 3.3 Consecrating the Primacy of the Political -- Chapter 4 Liberalism: Theory and the Effectiveness of International Human Rights Treaties -- 1 Situating Domestic Politics, Effects and State Behaviour -- 2 Prognoses on the Effects of State Behaviour -- 2.1 The Implementation of the International Human Rights Treaties - the Direct Applicability of Human Rights Treaties -- 2.2 Compliance with Inconvenient Human Rights Treaty Norms -- 2.2.1 Testing Easy-detectable Human Rights Treaty Violations -- 2.2.2 Testing not Easy-Detectable Human Rights Treaty Violations -- 2.2.3 Empirical Evidence and Conflictual Results.

A report outlines the repressive practices of the Saddam Hussein regime in Iraq with respect to the violations of the integrity of the person & civil liberties; denial of political rights & international & nongovernmental investigations of alleged human rights violations; discrimination of women, children, the disabled, & ethnic minorities; & worker's rights. J. Zendejas