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This article examines young people's uses and understandings of social networking sites and instant messaging tools within the context of their everyday lives. It draws upon data from the Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC)-funded qualitative study, 'Young people's creative understanding of their mediaworlds' (2008–10), in which young people aged 14–15 from six locations across England created 'identity boxes' which were meant to reflect their identities and the place of media in their lives. The results demonstrate that young people considered and negotiated their online practices in relation to three primary areas: 'Connecting and convenience', 'Openness and control' and 'Privacy and authenticity'. In doing so the article reveals nuanced insights into young people's online media use and communication, and contributes empirically to knowledge about young people's online practices within their everyday lives.

The article analyses the problem of threats experienced on online social networks by girls attending a Child Day Care Centre. In order to reveal what actions carried out by girls on online social networks pose a threat to them, a qualitative study of 20 girls from four Lithuanian Child Day Care Centres was conducted using the focus group method. The results revealed that majority of the girls from the risk group face the following threats to their security: publicizing personal information and sharing it with strangers; communication with strangers online and meeting with them outside the Internet; negative actions of Internet users. The study found that the girls from the risk group fail to recognize the threats of online social networks and do not realize their consequences, and their need to protect themselves in cyberspace is quite weak.

ABSTRACT: How does the urgency on publicizing opinions was expressed in the uses of an online social network during a conflicted period of time like the Presidential Campaign in countries such as Brazil and United States? In these scenarios, it seems that it is not enough to simply reflect on certain relevant topics; it seems essential to externalize opinions that seek to establish an intransigent position. To understand this phenomenon, possible evidence can be found in the way communities of fans are organized, guided by the regulation of affections in the media and in education. Thus, the concept of "opinionative priority" is proposed to understand the disputes about the meaning of democracy that emerge in online social networks, being the attempt to corroborate, counter or refute a statement, in a power dispute. It is the tensioning itself resulting from the need to belong, caused by social networks, and participatory culture, because it is not enough to be and be seen, it is necessary to be part of the discussions, or to initiate a new one. These disputes treat diverse opinions as enemies to be exterminated, obliterating the pluralistic democratic condition, supported by the fundamental right of freedom of speech. Therefore, it is understood that the "opinionative priority" is more than a communication process, since it promotes a pedagogical action in which opinion is formed from absence of moderation, once there is no time for considerations; there is only the urgency to defend a point of view in social networks. KEYWORDS: opinion; online social network; community of fans; democracy, affect

The trust of members is essential to the sustainability of e-business. Unlike other business models, the success of online social networks is highly dependent upon the growth rate of social network size. In order to accelerate and continue the growth rate, online social networks need to be able to continuously roll out diversified services and use them to interest existing and new members. However, the nature of this business model can expose online social networks to ubiquitous security threats such as spam, viral marketing and viruses. In order to convince users to adopt social network services, cultivation of brand equity and trust in the online social networks is essential. This study integrates technical and marketing perspectives to examine the potential influence of website quality and brand equity on user satisfaction, thereby influencing users' formation of trust. A survey was conducted with 385 subjects to understand the causal relationships between the studied constructs. Regression analysis indicates that website quality, brand loyalty, brand association, and brand quality have a positive influence on user satisfaction, thereby increasing the trust of members in online social networks. Brand awareness shows no significant influence on user satisfaction. These findings lead us to derive theoretical and practical implications on the sustainable operation of online social networks.

The prevailing paradigm in Internet privacy literature, treating privacy within a context merely of rights and violations, is inadequate for studying the Internet as a social realm. Following Goffman on self-presentation and Altman's theorizing of privacy as an optimization between competing pressures for disclosure and withdrawal, the author investigates the mechanisms used by a sample (n = 704) of college students, the vast majority users of Facebook and Myspace, to negotiate boundaries between public and private. Findings show little to no relationship between online privacy concerns and information disclosure on online social network sites. Students manage unwanted audience concerns by adjusting profile visibility and using nicknames but not by restricting the information within the profile. Mechanisms analogous to boundary regulation in physical space, such as walls, locks, and doors, are favored; little adaptation is made to the Internet's key features of persistence, searchability, and cross-indexability. The author also finds significant racial and gender differences.

Abstract
Online social networks are used by hundreds of millions of people every day, but little is known about their effect on behavior. In five experiments, the authors demonstrate that social network use enhances self-esteem in users who are focused on close friends (i.e., strong ties) while browsing their social network. This momentary increase in self-esteem reduces self-control, leading those focused on strong ties to display less self-control after browsing a social network. Additionally, the authors present evidence suggesting that greater social network use is associated with a higher body mass index and higher levels of credit card debt for individuals with strong ties to their social network. This research extends previous findings by demonstrating that social networks primarily enhance self-esteem for those focused on strong ties during social network use. Additionally, this research has implications for policy makers because self-control is an important mechanism for maintaining social order and well-being.

[EN] Nowadays there is a strong integration of online social platforms and applications with our daily life. Such interactions can make risks arise and compromise the information we share, thereby leading to privacy issues. In this work, a proposal that makes use of a software agent that performs sentiment analysis and another performing stress analysis on keystroke dynamics data has been designed and implemented. The proposal consists of a set of new agents that have been integrated into a multi-agent system (MAS) for guiding users interacting in online social environments, which has agents for sentiment and stress analysis on text. We propose a combined analysis using the different agents. The MAS analyzes the states of the users when they are interacting, and warns them if the messages they write are deemed negative. In this way, we aim to prevent potential negative outcomes on social network sites (SNSs). We performed experiments in the laboratory with our private SNS Pesedia over a period of one month, so we gathered data about text messages and keystroke dynamics data, and used the datasets to train the artificial neural networks (ANNs) of the agents. A set of experiments was performed for discovering which analysis is able to detect a state of the user that propagates more in the SNS, so it may be more informative for the MAS. Our study will help develop future intelligent systems that utilize user data in online social environments for guiding or helping them in their social experience. ; This work was funded by the project TIN2017-89156-R of the Spanish government. ; Aguado-Sarrió, G.; Julian Inglada, VJ.; García-Fornes, A.; Espinosa Minguet, AR. (2020). Using Keystroke Dynamics in a Multi-Agent System for User Guiding in Online Social Networks. Applied Sciences. 10(11):1-20. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10113754 ; S ; 1 ; 20 ; 10 ; 11 ; O'Keeffe, G. S., & Clarke-Pearson, K. (2011). The Impact of Social Media on Children, Adolescents, and Families. PEDIATRICS, 127(4), 800-804. ...

Social networks have become one of the most popular tools in promoting the tourism product. This applies to National Tourism Agencies, as well as tourism-related general government bodies (GGBs) and local authorities (LAs). This study examines such organizations alongside selected chief administration officials (CAOs) that are related with the tourism sector and attempts to evaluate their presence in three social networks: Facebook, Twitter and YouTube. In order to do so, this article builds upon and expands on existing social networks' metrics, incorporating them into metrics of online followership. The quantitative analysis results in a ranking of best performers, from which the authors select three good performers in order to follow with a qualitative analysis of semi-structured interviews. By merging the quantitative results with the feedback from the interviews the authors propose a basic normative social networks management toolkit for tourism-related public entities, found to be comprised of six thematic axes.

As the use of online social networking (OSN) sites is increasing, data extraction from OSN profiles is providing researchers with a rich source of data. Data extraction is divided into non-automated and automated approaches. However, researchers face a variety of ethical challenges especially using automated data extraction approaches. In social networking, there has been a lack of research that looks into the unique ethical challenges of using automated data extraction compared to non-automated extraction. This article explores the history of social research ethics and the unique ethical challenges associated with using automated data extraction, as well as how these impact the researcher. The author's review has highlighted that researchers face challenges when designing an experiment involving automated extraction from OSN profiles due to issues such as extraction methods, the speed at which the field of social media is moving and a lack of information on how to deal with ethical challenges.