Suchergebnisse

This study examined the complex relationships among recession news, the state of the economy, & people's perceptions toward the economy from Jan 1987 through Mar 1996 using trivariate vector autoregression (VAR) analysis. Most of the time-series variables were found to have structural changes during this time frame. With the help of the Chow test, the researchers were able to determine Jan 1991 as the cut-off point to divide the entire period into two: downturn period & recovery period. The relationships among these three time-series were found to be dramatically different across the two distinct periods. The paper concludes that: (1) the situational factor (different states of economy) played a crucial role in determining how the public evaluates the economy; (2) the extent to which recession news' impact on people's assessment of the economy depended on different economic circumstances; (3) news coverage responded differently across these two distinct periods but, in the long run, followed the economic reality; & (4) the public's sentiments toward the economy can predict economic performance. 3 Tables, 1 Figure, 44 References. Adapted from the source document.

This study examined the intergenerational transmission of abuse among a sample of 681 teen, adult low‐resource, and adult high‐resource first‐time mothers. Participants ranged in age from 14 to 36 years, with a mean of 20 years. Exposure to childhood emotional and to physical abuse were associated with 6‐month parenting behavior but not with parenting knowledge. Teen mothers, as opposed to adult mothers, had higher mean scores for exposure to childhood emotional and physical abuse. Adult high‐resource mothers reported lower mean scores on each abuse outcome than both teen and adult low‐resource mothers. For the total sample of mothers, as past exposure to emotional and physical abuse increased, maternal responsivity decreased and opinions toward, and propensities for, abusive behavior increased.

We study the social, demographic and economic origins of social security. The data for the U.S. and for a cross section of countries suggest that urbanization and industrialization are associated with the rise of social insurance. We describe an OLG model in which demographics, technology, and social security are linked together in a political economy equilibrium. In the model economy, there are two locations (sectors), the farm (agricultural) and the city (industrial) and the decision to migrate from rural to urban locations is endogenous and linked to productivity differences between the two locations and survival probabilities. Farmers rely on land inheritance for their old age and do not support a pay-as-you-go social security system. With structural change, people migrate to the city, the land loses its importance and support for social security arises. We show that a calibrated version of this economy, where social security taxes are determined by majority voting, is consistent with the historical transformation in the United States.

Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is used to treat more than 60 diseases worldwide and has drawn growing interest. Little is known about the current situation of TPE activity in Turkey, so we developed a survey to obtain information about this timely topic. We collected data on TPE from 28 apheresis units throughout Turkey. We performed a total of 24,912 TPE procedures with 3203 patients over the past decade. Twenty years ago, the majority of procedures were performed for neurological and hematological disorders, and today, most TPE procedures are done for the same reasons. The only historical change has been an increase in TPE procedures in renal conditions. Currently, renal conditions were more frequently an indication for TPE than rheumatic conditions. Fresh frozen plasma was the most frequently used replacement fluid, followed by 5% albumin, used in 57.9% and 34.6% of procedures, respectively. The most frequently used anticoagulants in TPE were ACD-A and heparin/ACD-A, used with 1671 (52.2%) and 1164 (36.4%) patients, respectively. The frequency of adverse events (AEs) was 12.6%. The most common AEs were hypocalcemia-related symptoms, hypotension, and urticaria. We encountered no severe AEs that led to severe morbidity and mortality. Overall, more than two thirds of the patients showed improvement in the underlying disease. Here, we report on a nationwide survey on TPE activity in Turkey. We conclude that there has been a great increase in apheresis science, and the number of TPE procedures conducted in Turkey has increased steadily over time. Finally, we would like to point out that our past experiences and published international guidelines were the most important tools in gaining expertise regarding TPE. ; C1 [Korkmaz, Serdal] Univ Hlth Sci, Kayseri Training & Res Hosp, Dept Hematol, Kayseri, Turkey. ; [Medeni, Serife Solmaz] Univ Hlth Sci, Bozyaka Training & Res Hosp, Dept Hematol, Izmir, Turkey. ; [Demirkan, Fatih] Dokuz Eylul Univ, Dept Internal Med, Div Hematol, Fac Med,HCT Unit, Izmir, Turkey. ; [Besisik, Sevgi Kalayoglu; Dadin, Senem Altay] Istanbul Univ, Istanbul Fac Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Hematol, Istanbul, Turkey. ; [Cagliyan, Gulsum Akgun; Hacioglu, Sibel Kabukcu; Sari, Ismail] Pamukkale Univ, Dept Internal Med, Div Hematol, Denizli, Turkey. ; [Sahin, Deniz Goren] Istanbul Bilim Univ, Sch Med, Dept Hematol, Istanbul, Turkey. ; [Sahin, Deniz Goren; Arat, Mutlu] Sisli Florence Nightingale Hosp, Stem Cell Transplantat Unit, Istanbul, Turkey. ; [Dagdas, Simten; Ozet, Gulsum] Ankara Numune Training & Res Hosp, Dept Hematol, Ankara, Turkey. ; [Kutlu, Nermin; Akyol, Tulay Karaagac] Hacettepe Univ, Sch Med, Therapeut Apheresis Unit, Ankara, Turkey. ; [Ozcebe, Osman Ilhami] Hacettepe Univ, Sch Med, Dept Hematol, Ankara, Turkey. ; [Teke, Hava Uskudar] Eskisehir Osmangazi Univ, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Hematol, Eskisehir, Turkey. ; [Unal, Demet Kiper; Guner, Naile; Payzin, Bahriye] Izmir Katip Celebi Univ, Ataturk Training & Res Hosp, Dept Hematol, Izmir, Turkey. ; [Tombak, Anil] Mersin Univ, Fac Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Heamatol, Mersin, Turkey. ; [Celik, Halil] Mersin Univ, Fac Med, Dept Internal Med, Mersin, Turkey. ; [Bay, Ilker; Kiki, Ilhami] Ataturk Univ, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Hematol, Erzurum, Turkey. ; [Ozgur, Gokhan] Gulhane Training & Res Hosp, Hematol & HCT Clin, Ankara, Turkey. ; [Erkurt, Mehmet Ali; Kuku, Irfan] Inonu Univ, Fac Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Hematol, Malatya, Turkey. ; [Ozatli, Duzgun; Meletli, Ozgur] Ondokuz Mayis Univ, Fac Med, Dept Hematol, Samsun, Turkey. ; [Demircioglu, Sinan; Demir, Cengiz] Yuzuncu Yil Univ, Fac Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Hematol, Van, Turkey. ; [Kurtoglu, Erdal] Univ Hlth Sci, Antalya Training & Res Hosp, Dept Hematol, Antalya, Turkey. ; [Vural, Filiz; Tobu, Mahmut] Ege Univ, Fac Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Hematol, Izmir, Turkey. ; [Karakus, Abdullah; Ayyildiz, Orhan] Dicle Univ, Fac Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Hematol, Diyarbakir, Turkey. ; [Dal, Mehmet Sinan; Altuntas, Fevzi] Univ Hlth Sci, Ankara Oncol Training & Res Hosp, Dept Hematol, Ankara, Turkey. ; [Dal, Mehmet Sinan; Altuntas, Fevzi] Univ Hlth Sci, Ankara Oncol Training & Res Hosp, BMT Unit, Ankara, Turkey. ; [Ozturk, Berna Afacan; Albayrak, Murat] Univ Hlth Sci, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training & Res Hosp, Hematol & HCT Clin, Ankara, Turkey. ; [Ocakci, Serkan] Med Pk Izmir Hosp, Dept Hematol, Izmir, Turkey. ; [Bolaman, Zahit; Cagirgan, Seckin] Adnan Menderes Univ, Fac Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Hematol, Aydin, Turkey. ; [Sonmez, Mehmet] Karadeniz Tech Univ, Fac Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Hematol, Trabzon, Turkey. ; [Karakus, Volkan] Mugla Sitki Kocman Univ, Dept Hematol, Training & Res Hosp, Mugla, Turkey. ; [Sevindik, Omur Gokmen] Firat Univ, Fac Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Hematol, Elazig, Turkey. ; [Berber, Ilhami] Malatya Training & Res Hosp, Div Hematol, Malatya, Turkey. ; [Dogu, Mehmet Hilmi] Istanbul Training & Res Hosp, Hematol Clin, Istanbul, Turkey. ; [Gulturk, Emine] Kartal Dr Lutfi Kirdar Training & Res Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Div Hematol, Istanbul, Turkey. ; [Ulas, Turgay] Near East Univ, Dept Internal Med, Div Hematol, Nicosia, Cyprus. ; [Altuntas, Fevzi] Yildirim Beyazit Univ, Fac Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Hematol, Ankara, Turkey.

Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is used to treat more than 60 diseases worldwide and has drawn growing interest. Little is known about the current situation of TPE activity in Turkey, so we developed a survey to obtain information about this timely topic. We collected data on TPE from 28 apheresis units throughout Turkey. We performed a total of 24,912 TPE procedures with 3203 patients over the past decade. Twenty years ago, the majority of procedures were performed for neurological and hematological disorders, and today, most TPE procedures are done for the same reasons. The only historical change has been an increase in TPE procedures in renal conditions. Currently, renal conditions were more frequently an indication for TPE than rheumatic conditions. Fresh frozen plasma was the most frequently used replacement fluid, followed by 5% albumin, used in 57.9% and 34.6% of procedures, respectively. The most frequently used anticoagulants in TPE were ACD-A and heparin/ACD-A, used with 1671 (52.2%) and 1164 (36.4%) patients, respectively. The frequency of adverse events (AEs) was 12.6%. The most common AEs were hypocalcemia-related symptoms, hypotension, and urticaria. We encountered no severe AEs that led to severe morbidity and mortality. Overall, more than two thirds of the patients showed improvement in the underlying disease. Here, we report on a nationwide survey on TPE activity in Turkey. We conclude that there has been a great increase in apheresis science, and the number of TPE procedures conducted in Turkey has increased steadily over time. Finally, we would like to point out that our past experiences and published international guidelines were the most important tools in gaining expertise regarding TPE. ; C1 [Korkmaz, Serdal] Univ Hlth Sci, Kayseri Training & Res Hosp, Dept Hematol, Kayseri, Turkey. ; [Medeni, Serife Solmaz] Univ Hlth Sci, Bozyaka Training & Res Hosp, Dept Hematol, Izmir, Turkey. ; [Demirkan, Fatih] Dokuz Eylul Univ, Dept Internal Med, Div Hematol, Fac Med,HCT Unit, Izmir, Turkey. ; [Besisik, Sevgi Kalayoglu; Dadin, Senem Altay] Istanbul Univ, Istanbul Fac Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Hematol, Istanbul, Turkey. ; [Cagliyan, Gulsum Akgun; Hacioglu, Sibel Kabukcu; Sari, Ismail] Pamukkale Univ, Dept Internal Med, Div Hematol, Denizli, Turkey. ; [Sahin, Deniz Goren] Istanbul Bilim Univ, Sch Med, Dept Hematol, Istanbul, Turkey. ; [Sahin, Deniz Goren; Arat, Mutlu] Sisli Florence Nightingale Hosp, Stem Cell Transplantat Unit, Istanbul, Turkey. ; [Dagdas, Simten; Ozet, Gulsum] Ankara Numune Training & Res Hosp, Dept Hematol, Ankara, Turkey. ; [Kutlu, Nermin; Akyol, Tulay Karaagac] Hacettepe Univ, Sch Med, Therapeut Apheresis Unit, Ankara, Turkey. ; [Ozcebe, Osman Ilhami] Hacettepe Univ, Sch Med, Dept Hematol, Ankara, Turkey. ; [Teke, Hava Uskudar] Eskisehir Osmangazi Univ, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Hematol, Eskisehir, Turkey. ; [Unal, Demet Kiper; Guner, Naile; Payzin, Bahriye] Izmir Katip Celebi Univ, Ataturk Training & Res Hosp, Dept Hematol, Izmir, Turkey. ; [Tombak, Anil] Mersin Univ, Fac Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Heamatol, Mersin, Turkey. ; [Celik, Halil] Mersin Univ, Fac Med, Dept Internal Med, Mersin, Turkey. ; [Bay, Ilker; Kiki, Ilhami] Ataturk Univ, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Hematol, Erzurum, Turkey. ; [Ozgur, Gokhan] Gulhane Training & Res Hosp, Hematol & HCT Clin, Ankara, Turkey. ; [Erkurt, Mehmet Ali; Kuku, Irfan] Inonu Univ, Fac Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Hematol, Malatya, Turkey. ; [Ozatli, Duzgun; Meletli, Ozgur] Ondokuz Mayis Univ, Fac Med, Dept Hematol, Samsun, Turkey. ; [Demircioglu, Sinan; Demir, Cengiz] Yuzuncu Yil Univ, Fac Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Hematol, Van, Turkey. ; [Kurtoglu, Erdal] Univ Hlth Sci, Antalya Training & Res Hosp, Dept Hematol, Antalya, Turkey. ; [Vural, Filiz; Tobu, Mahmut] Ege Univ, Fac Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Hematol, Izmir, Turkey. ; [Karakus, Abdullah; Ayyildiz, Orhan] Dicle Univ, Fac Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Hematol, Diyarbakir, Turkey. ; [Dal, Mehmet Sinan; Altuntas, Fevzi] Univ Hlth Sci, Ankara Oncol Training & Res Hosp, Dept Hematol, Ankara, Turkey. ; [Dal, Mehmet Sinan; Altuntas, Fevzi] Univ Hlth Sci, Ankara Oncol Training & Res Hosp, BMT Unit, Ankara, Turkey. ; [Ozturk, Berna Afacan; Albayrak, Murat] Univ Hlth Sci, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training & Res Hosp, Hematol & HCT Clin, Ankara, Turkey. ; [Ocakci, Serkan] Med Pk Izmir Hosp, Dept Hematol, Izmir, Turkey. ; [Bolaman, Zahit; Cagirgan, Seckin] Adnan Menderes Univ, Fac Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Hematol, Aydin, Turkey. ; [Sonmez, Mehmet] Karadeniz Tech Univ, Fac Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Hematol, Trabzon, Turkey. ; [Karakus, Volkan] Mugla Sitki Kocman Univ, Dept Hematol, Training & Res Hosp, Mugla, Turkey. ; [Sevindik, Omur Gokmen] Firat Univ, Fac Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Hematol, Elazig, Turkey. ; [Berber, Ilhami] Malatya Training & Res Hosp, Div Hematol, Malatya, Turkey. ; [Dogu, Mehmet Hilmi] Istanbul Training & Res Hosp, Hematol Clin, Istanbul, Turkey. ; [Gulturk, Emine] Kartal Dr Lutfi Kirdar Training & Res Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Div Hematol, Istanbul, Turkey. ; [Ulas, Turgay] Near East Univ, Dept Internal Med, Div Hematol, Nicosia, Cyprus. ; [Altuntas, Fevzi] Yildirim Beyazit Univ, Fac Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Hematol, Ankara, Turkey.

Objective Vaccination is the most efficient way to control the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, but vaccination rates remain below the target level in most countries. This multicenter study aimed to evaluate the vaccination status of hospitalized patients and compare two different booster vaccine protocols. Setting Inoculation in Turkey began in mid-January 2021. Sinovac was the only available vaccine until April 2021, when BioNTech was added. At the beginning of July 2021, the government offered a third booster dose to healthcare workers and people aged > 50 years who had received the two doses of Sinovac. Of the participants who received a booster, most chose BioNTech as the third dose. Methods We collected data from 25 hospitals in 16 cities. Patients hospitalized between August 1 and 10, 2021, were included and categorized into eight groups according to their vaccination status. Results We identified 1401 patients, of which 529 (37.7%) were admitted to intensive care units. Nearly half (47.8%) of the patients were not vaccinated, and those with two doses of Sinovac formed the second largest group (32.9%). Hospitalizations were lower in the group which received 2 doses of Sinovac and a booster dose of BioNTech than in the group which received 3 doses of Sinovac. Conclusion Effective vaccinations decreased COVID-19-related hospitalizations. The efficacy after two doses of Sinovac may decrease over time; however, it may be enhanced by adding a booster dose. Moreover, unvaccinated patients may be persuaded to undergo vaccination.

Objective Vaccination is the most efficient way to control the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, but vaccination rates remain below the target level in most countries. This multicenter study aimed to evaluate the vaccination status of hospitalized patients and compare two different booster vaccine protocols. Setting Inoculation in Turkey began in mid-January 2021. Sinovac was the only available vaccine until April 2021, when BioNTech was added. At the beginning of July 2021, the government offered a third booster dose to healthcare workers and people aged > 50 years who had received the two doses of Sinovac. Of the participants who received a booster, most chose BioNTech as the third dose. Methods We collected data from 25 hospitals in 16 cities. Patients hospitalized between August 1 and 10, 2021, were included and categorized into eight groups according to their vaccination status. Results We identified 1401 patients, of which 529 (37.7%) were admitted to intensive care units. Nearly half (47.8%) of the patients were not vaccinated, and those with two doses of Sinovac formed the second largest group (32.9%). Hospitalizations were lower in the group which received 2 doses of Sinovac and a booster dose of BioNTech than in the group which received 3 doses of Sinovac. Conclusion Effective vaccinations decreased COVID-19-related hospitalizations. The efficacy after two doses of Sinovac may decrease over time; however, it may be enhanced by adding a booster dose. Moreover, unvaccinated patients may be persuaded to undergo vaccination.