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Legal positivism is one of the fundamental theories of jurisprudence studied in law and related fields around the world. This volume addresses how legal positivism is perceived and makes the case for why it is relevant for contemporary legal theory. The Cambridge Companion to Legal Positivism offers thirty-three chapters from leading scholars that provide a comprehensive commentary on the fundamental ideas of legal positivism, its history and major theorists, its connection to normativity and values, its current development and influence, as well as on the criticisms moved against it.

The last spuilzie at Battleknowe.--The last claimants of the R peerage.--The founders of Adullam.--The heir of Tailzie.--Late seniors of the Parliament house.--The tenants of Ben Eachann.--Arbitration in Quash lane.--Irregular marriage at Peter Brock's. ; Mode of access: Internet.

The Laws relating the offences against the human body has completely changed with the promulgation of the Criminal Law Ordinance, commonly called Qisas and Diyat Law but the doctors in their medicolegal certificates still express their opinions according to the previous law, which causes problem for the courts to assess the true nature of injury. This practice should immediately be stopped as it confuses the facts, dims the issue and hinders the dispensation of justice. Qisas and Diyat Law has introduced new classification of hurt (injury), which is more clear and elaborate. Besides, this law has provided compensation for physical sufferings due to criminal hurts for the first time in Pakistan. The provisions for the grant of compensation for criminal damages are Arsh, Daman and diyat. In addition there is a provision of qisas. These legal terms should be clearly understood before undertaking medico legal certification.

Die Einzelbeiträge des Sammelbandes behandeln die Entwicklung des sozialistischen Rechtssystems der VR China seit 1949, die Taiwan-Problematik betreffende rechtliche Aspekte der sino-amerikanischen Beziehungen, neuere Tendenzen der chinesischen Wirtschaftsgesetzgebung, Entwicklung und Stand der Forschung und der Lehre des Völkerrechts in der VR China sowie der westlichen Forschung und Lehre zum modernen Recht und Rechtssystems der VR China, steuerrechtliche Aspekte des China-Geschäfts und schließlich die Implikationen der US-Handelsgesetze für die Entwicklung der sino-amerikanischen Handelsbeziehungen. Der Anhang enthält eine umfangreiche Bibliographie englischsprachiger Studien zum Recht und Rechtssystem der VR China. (BIOst-Klk)

Ladies and gentlemen, it's a very great honor for me to be able to speak to you on the subject entitled, The Japanese Way of Legal Thinking. As you probably know, many westerners believe in a myth which has developed concerning the psychology of the Japanese people. The myth tells us that many things in Japanese culture are completely opposite to everything in the western society. There is some basis for this belief. For example, when we want to call someone to come toward us, we use a wave of the hand for this purpose. However, in western society this signal is almost universally interpreted to mean waving good-bye to the person. Since the end of World War II with increased contacts between Japanese and westerners there has been a greater understanding about the psychology of the Japanese. Today, there seems to be less and less basis for this myth. At the same time, there does, however, exist a way of legal thinking which is specific to Japanese culture and her people.

This article begins by exploring the development of extraterritoriality in the US. It notes the expansion of extraterritorial provisions in federal criminal legislation & how these provisions permit prosecutors to proceed with criminal actions for conduct occurring outside this country. It also reflects on the use of an "objective territorial principle" by the judiciary that permits criminal prosecutions whenever the conduct of the actor has a substantial effect in the US. As an alternative to using "objective territoriality," this article advocates using a "defensive territoriality" approach. This article stresses the benefits of using a "defensive territoriality" approach to decide whether to prosecute an extraterritorial crime. 69 References. Adapted from the source document.

Modern approaches to the introduction of the institute of criminal offenses in the criminal legislation of Ukraine are analyzed. Possible areas for improving the differentiation of criminal liability for destruction or damage to property in view of the introduction of criminal offenses have been identified. The modern approaches of the doctrine of criminal law concerning expediency of introduction of this institute of criminal law to the legislation of Ukraine are studied. An attempt has been made to improve the current criminal legislation in terms of liability for destruction or damage to property by classifying certain acts as misdemeanors. The main views of scientists who both support this idea and those who reject it are analyzed. The positions of scientists on the possibility of differentiation of criminal liability for destruction or damage to property by classifying certain socially dangerous acts as a criminal offense have been studied. Based on the analysis, an attempt was made to offer their own vision on the introduction of criminal offenses as a promising area of differentiation of criminal liability for destruction or damage to property.

Índice Artículos Sanción penal, prevención y reforma penal venezolana. Criminal sanctions, prevention and criminal reform in Venezuela. Sanction pénale, prévention et réforme pénale vénézuélienne. Sanção penal, prevenção e reforma penal venezuelana. Bolaños González, Mireya La flagrancia en los delitos permanentes y los delitos de ejecución instantánea y efectos permanentes. Flagrancy in ongoing crimes and in criminal events with permanent effects. La flagrance dans les délits permanents et les délits de consommation instantanée et d'effets permanents. A flagrância em delitos permanentes e os delitos de consumação instantânea e efeitos permanentes. ; 11-26 ; mireyabo@ula.ve ; anual ; Nivel analítico

This article examines the legitimacy and rationale of the Joint Criminal Enterprise (JCE) principle in international criminal law, focusing on the implications of the UK Supreme Court's decision in R v Jogee, which fundamentally abolished JCE as a legal principle. JCE, characterized by its complexity and contentious nature, has been criticized for being driven more by policy considerations than legal precedents. The article first explicates the concept and evolution of JCE, including common purpose liability and parasitic accessorial liability, and highlights the irrationalities within these principles. Through an in-depth analysis of the R v Jogee decision, the author argues that the ruling successfully rectified residual errors in criminal law, deeming the abolition of JCE consistent with legal logic and tradition. The article concludes with recommendations for enhancing transparency and clarity in prosecution and sentencing processes to restore public confidence in the criminal justice system. It also underscores the disproportionate negative impact of JCE on minority groups and young offenders, advocating for reforms to mitigate these effects.