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The defence of abortion from individualistic rights-based arguments understates social context and ostracises communities that draw on the language of collective responsibilities. In trying to understand restrictive abortion legislation in Ireland, I argue for a more constructive, less oppositional debate. As the basis for dialogue, I focus on the common ground of women's experiences, their changing social roles and general commitment to nurture others. The defence of abortion from responsibility-based arguments reconceptualises abortion from an individual woman's private dilemma, to a social conflict of care that requires culturally sensitive and morally responsible choices.

The paper poses the concept of Union citizenship as problematic and discusses possible conceptual changes to the concept of citizenship. Its goal is to clarify the historical, sociological, cultural, legal and political contexts which provide the frameworks for particular meanings of citizenship in selected Member States of the EU. To that end it starts from the hypothesis that the term 'citizenship' ('Bürgerschaft', 'citoyennete', 'cittadinanza') has a broader meaning than the strictly legal term 'nationality'. It largely follows an approach which focuses on the social character of (political) language. (Prokla / FUB)

In the present study, the effectiveness of embedding a targeted linguistic structure within an interactive instructional context is examined. Ten subjects participated in a communication-games intervention which contained seven interactive elements drawn from the parent-child interaction literature. Ten subjects were assigned to a control group. A comparison of student performance before and after intervention supports the effectiveness of adopting instructional strategies that are consistent with a social-interaction perspective on language development. Qualitative results are presented that illustrate each of the interactional characteristics of the intervention. Implications for practice are discussed.

Framing analysis is a constructivist approach used to analyze the news media's framing of public policy issues. The approach is based on the conceptualization of news texts into four empirically operationalizable structural components: syntactical, script, thematic, & rhetorical. Framing analysis avoids the pitfalls of traditional content analysis & emphasizes systematic study of political language & communication. It provides a coherent framework that can be applied to all public discourse. As an extended empirical example, a news story of an anti-abortion rally in Wichita, Kan, is subjected to framing analysis. 1 Table, 2 Figures, 50 References. Adapted from the source document.

In Virgil's Aeneid, the hero is epic enough but is importantly different enough from the tradition of the Greek epic hero to warrant investigation. At the crux of it is that Virgil utilizes a Roman approach to the Greek cosmos. Thus the hero reflects the political changes and moods of the times. This paper traces how Virgil's use of language constructs this Roman vision of the Greek cosmos. In the end it suggests that humans in Virgil's world have a greater task than they did before and that only the pious will survive.

A comparative study is presented of government solutions to the problems of ethnic minorities in Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Czechoslovakia, Lithuania, & Ireland, states created in Europe after WWI. Analysis includes examination of ethnocultural factors, demographic profiles, international restraints, & the various strategies used by each regime. It is concluded that the six states were mostly successful in acknowledging & dealing with minorities. Several considerations in the social assimilation of minorities are discussed, including demographic assimilation, cultural distances between the minority & the majority, & using language or religion as measures of ethnicity. 2 Tables, 1 Figure, 312 References. M. Malas

Christian social doctrine... is a doctrine of the most important non-religious sociological structures which are erected upon independent foundation, or, to use its own language, of its relation with the most powerful social forces of the `world.' If we admit that the State and Society, together with innumerable other forces, are still the main formative powers of civilization, then the ultimate problem may be stated thus: How can the Church harmonize with these main forces in such a way that together they will form a unity of civilization? Ernst Troeltsch (1911)

The Employee Polygraph Protection Act of 1988 was enacted to protect private individuals from unjust termination or denial of job opportunities resulting from unwarranted polygraph tests. The Act, however, allows private employers to continue using polygraphs as part of "ongoing investigations" of employee misconduct. This Comment examines the ambiguous language of this exemption that courts will encounter when determining whether employers have violated the Act. The Comment proposes that, unless legislative history or federal regulations indicate otherwise, ambiguities in the specific incident exemption should be broadly construed to avoid employer liability.

Robert Wolf tells the tale of the "Sweet Swap," a nearly scandalous land exchange in Oregon involving the Bureau of Land Management and a timber man named Sweet from California. He describes how Senator Lee Metcalf had previously prevented J. Neils Lumber Co. from getting legislation authorizing land exchanges and how Secretary of Interior Wirth subsequently slipped land exchange language into Point Reyes Seashore legislation. Wolf notes that the resultant attempted land exchange in Oregon involved negotiations that affected Oregon, the Bureau of Land Management, the Department of the Interior, and Mr. Sweet. ; https://scholarworks.umt.edu/robertwolf_interviews/1021/thumbnail.jpg

Twelve articles published over the past 25 years are reviewed concerning the longitudinal academic effects of early intervention for preschool hearing-impaired children, from birth to age 5, in relation to mode of communication (oral or total communication). The purpose of this overview is to present parents and teachers with information concerning the long range academic results of their decisions. Results of the review suggest that children with severe to profound hearing losses before age 2 who receive TC in a cognitive oriented parent-infant language program will be more successful than similar children in oral educational settings.

The Labour Party has a restricted socialist vision of the welfare state as a machine or `system' which can be run through sound administration, This view underpins both local and national labourism, seeking technical solutions to political problems.Labourism simply takes on the form of the state as a model for administration without questioning either the formula tion of ends or the construction of means. The Labour Party should break with this technocratic tradition and develop a new language, neither administrative nor managerial. which builds on the experiences of those who work within the welfare state.

The aim of this essay is to elaborate some typical conceptual features that contribute to a good comprehension of a normative situation. Therefore, there are considered, amongst others, features like "norm authority", "norm subject", "norm", "regulation" and so on. The notion "normative situation" is understood in a guite broad sense induding also corresponding expressions in natural language. The theoretical assumptions are basicatty founded on the one side on the article "The foundation of norms and normative statements" of G. H. von Wright and on the other side on the conceptual framework of structural semiotics.

This article examines social science research into the socioeconomic and cultural factors associated with immigrants who naturalize. Few of the studies in this review use statistical methodologies and many of the findings are highly impressionistic. Yet, several of the studies find common factors to explain the decision to naturalize. These include: length of residence in the United States, varied potentials for acculturation among different national origin groups, motivation for immigration and formal education and language skills. However, no single study is found that examines all of the variables influencing the naturalization decision.

The classification of homo sapiens into varieties was a feature of eighteenth-century national history, and must be seen in that context. The use of the word 'race', came into greatly increased use in English, French and other West European languages, in the 1850's. Argues that the idea of classifying race became popular for two important reasons: (1) race became associated with that of nation and it proved useful to nineteenth-century nationalist movements; (2) throughout the nineteenth-century evolutionary thought was gathering strength, receiving a major boost from Darwin and Herbert Spencer. (AM)