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All people are in need of care at some point in their life. Although families and kin used to provide care in all societies, the division between family and work life have led to new care arrangements. In today's societies not only families but also the state, the market and nonprofit organisations are involved in care. The internal dynamics between these sectors are explained in certain welfare literature as a "care diamond" where local conditions determine the prominence of the different sectors in this care diamond. In addition, international bodies furthered discourses on human rights, often in the form of layered social citizenship, that include notions of care towards individuals. Welfare states in the North, the East Asian developmental states and Latin America have all followed distinct paths in trying to provide care to individuals and realise social citizenship. The social policies implemented in Africa are sometimes lead along these paths but have met with limited success. The logic of the care diamond is used in this article to focus on specific South African policy initiatives related to care and families. Such policies are often nudged in specific directions by international understandings of social citizenship. Although certain care policies are directed towards individuals regardless of family structures, specific family policy directions in South Africa are stuck in idealised family forms. Furthermore, the gender dynamics and the intersections between gender, class and race that are prominent in all care relationships are largely ignored in family and related policies on care.

El artículo presenta un análisis crítico de las transformaciones socioeconómicas a nivel mundial, su incidencia en las formas de producción y formas de vida que trasciende la esfera económica impactando las condiciones de gobernabilidad de nuestros países, según el modelo de desarrollo vigente. Estas transformaciones plantean la necesidad de repensar el bien común, la justicia social, el desarrollo, la familia, la persona humana, el Estado y las políticas públicas,como parte de lo social y redimensionar con ello, la cuestión social como ámbito natural de intervención del Trabajo Social. Se parte de entender que el Trabajo Social aporta a crear condiciones de justicia social, al buscar acciones necesarias para incluir y favorecer a todos aquellos sectores poblacionales que no han sido favorecidos por el sistema, creando oportunidades con fundamento en los derechos económicos, sociales y culturales. En el artículo también se plantean los principales retos para profesionales del Trabajo Social para recuperar y fortalecer sus expectativas por un mundo mejor, y vencer estereotipos y estigmas que le otorgan una visión de profesión subsidiaria a otras. Además, se afirma en la posibilidad de una nueva perspectiva de intervención social, en el ánimo de contribuir a la satisfacción de las necesidades auténticas.

International audience ; A positive Christian approach to homosexuality has alternated between an apologetic streak (trying to prove, in particular, that the Bible is not as negative on the subject as one may think) and a pioneering, exploratory streak that relates to Christian sources in a way that allows gays and lesbians to affirm their particular experience as located at the heart of Christian tradition. While acknowledging some indebtedness by the latter to the former, this paper focuses on the pioneering streak. The pace of change in many Western countries over same-sex issues in the last 25 years and the successful outcome of political campaigns for same-sex marriage has greatly impacted the development of this Christian LGBT pioneering streak since the 1990s. Homosexuality today in the West is less associated with a queer critique of the bourgeois family and has largely taken on the discourse of 'family values.' Western gay and lesbian Christians are no exceptions and one may wonder to what extent the lesbian and gay Christian imagination is still fired by the resources provided by the monastic tradition and monastic friendships, for example, to conceive of gay and lesbian relationships in a Christian perspective (something which was important to Michael Vasey, to mention but one gay theologian). Holy matrimony seems to be the template that is increasingly used to conceive of these relationships.Whatever the case is, the friendship and the marriage template may both be seen as part of a fundamentally eschatological spiritual adventure, inspired by the work of queer theologians such as James Alison, to name but one. It leaves behind what one might call the natural paradigm of much Western theology by which the final destiny of human beings is understood as the return to the original purity and order of Creation in the garden of Eden. This paper focuses on the material for the blessing of same-sex unions authorised by the Episcopal Church in 2012. It has sought to produce an inspirational, eschatological picture of the Kingdom of God, in which both friendship and marriage are put on the same plane within the larger category of covenanted relationships. This is still a tentative picture, however, whose consonance with the experience and aspirations of Episcopalian gay and lesbian couples may vary. My reflections are based on participant observation at the Episcopalian Consultation on Same-Sex Marriage held in Kansas City in June 2014, follow-up conversations with some attendees one year later and considerations on the new material on marriage and same-sex blessings presented to the 2015 General Convention of the Episcopal Church.

Pākehā Settlements in a Maori World surveys the historical archaeology of New Zealand from first European "footfall on these shores", through to the 1860s, by which time Pākehā were numerically dominant. The first book of its kind published in New Zealand, it will remain influential for a long time. Pākehā Settlements is the culmination of a life's work: published in late 2019, its author died on 3 January 2020.