Suchergebnisse

Ist der "Good Governance"-Ansatz der lang gesuchte Schlüssel zum Tor wirtschaftlicher Entwicklung und Armutsbekämpfung? Eine genaue Analyse der Geschichte der Entwicklung in Europa und Asien kann diese Behauptung nicht bestätigen. Während der Ansatz geeignet sein mag, Entwicklungsländer durch ein vordergründig "gutes Investorenklima" besser in die Weltwirtschaft zu integrieren, sind doch die Bedingungen für technologischen Aufschwung und nachhaltige Entwicklung dadurch nicht gesichert. Stattdessen müssen Staaten in die Lage versetzt werden, ihre komplexen politischen Systeme und Institutionen, auch gegen den Widerstand "spezieller" Interessen, so zu reorganisieren, dass eine breitgefächerte, wirtschaftlich-technologisch getragene Transformation stattfinden kann

The thesis analyses the role of policy instruments for dynamics of governance, using case studies on 'emissisons trading' and 'network access regulation in the utilities'. It opens by observing a paradox: Policy instruments are criticised for misrepresenting the complex and contested reality of public policy-making by portraying it as technical problem-solving, yet, policy instruments play an increasingly central role in policy analysis, design and public debate. The first part of the thesis develops a conception of policy instruments as 'designs on governance'. This implies a double life: as models of governance and as configurations that work in real world governance contexts. Understanding the role of policy instruments requires to study the development of trajectories in governance patterns that result from the interaction of models and configurations. Concepts from innovation studies are mobilised and the notion of an 'innovation journey' is adopted as a heuristic framework. The second part of the thesis presents two case studies examplifying different innovation patterns: design push (case of emissions trading) and dynamics pull (case of network access regulation). For each pattern typical phases and transitions as well as ironies that undermine the instrumentality of designs on governance are discussed. Conclusions of the thesis address the co-evolution of policy instruments with broader governance dynamics and specify conditions under which momentum of instruments may dominate over dynamics of problem formulation and political authority, or vice versa. Key insights are formulated with respect to the division of design labour between local and global in the context of emerging cosmopolitan governance regimes, the social life of policy instruments and the ambivalent role of technical models of governance for effectiveness as well as democratic legimitacy of public policy.

Die Verfasser setzen sich mit den konzeptionellen Problemen auseinander, die entstehen, wenn ein Governance-Diskurs, der im Rahmen der westlichen Debatte um die Transformation moderner Staatlichkeit entwickelt wurde, auf Räume außerhalb der entwickelten OECD-Welt angewandt wird. Sie stellen fest, dass eine starke Diskrepanz zwischen theoretisch-konzeptionellen Beiträgen und dem begrenzten empirischen Wissen besteht, was die Entstehungsbedingungen, Funktionsweisen und Wirkungen der 'neuen' Formen des Regierens in Räumen begrenzter Staatlichkeit angeht. Die bisherigen empirischen Studien gehen über Einzelfallanalysen oft nicht hinaus und beschränken sich entweder auf 'dichte Beschreibung' oder sind normativ stark voreingenommen in die eine oder andere Richtung. Es fehlen systematisch vergleichend angelegte, theoriegeleitete Studien. Die Autoren setzen sich kritisch mit der Literatur zu prekären, fragilen und zerfallen(d)en Staaten auseinander und zeigen, dass die Stärke dieser Literatur darin besteht, dass sie erlaubt, die Governance-Leistungen, die in Räumen begrenzter Staatlichkeit in den Bereichen Herrschaft, Sicherheit und Wohlfahrt erbracht werden, präzise zu bestimmen. Die Schwäche dieser Literatur ist, dass sie Governance-Leistungen unhinterfragt mit Staatlichkeit an sich gleichsetzt. Dies produziert das methodische Problem, dass Forschungsfragen zu Definitionsfragen werden. Die implizite Vorentscheidung zugunsten des westlichen Entwicklungsmodells, die mit der modernisierungstheoretischen Perspektive einher geht, gilt es kritisch zu hinterfragen. Alternative Ordnungsmodelle und -vorstellungen, wie sie beispielsweise in den Räumen begrenzter Staatlichkeit entstehen, werden so systematisch ausgeblendet. Der modernisierungstheoretisch verstellte Blick führt darüber hinaus leicht dazu, die neu entstehenden hybriden Formen von Governance in Räumen begrenzter Staatlichkeit in Bezug auf ihre Effektivität und Legitimität zu unterschätzen. (ICG2)

Castells's influential work on the Information Age has hardly impacted on the environmental social sciences; and where it has, it has been mainly in terms of intrusions of global flows and networks in fragile environments. This paper explores to what extent and how environmental governance is changing under the conditions of the Information Age. On the waves of information and communication technologies and globalisation processes, a new informational mode of environmental governance—or informational governance—is emerging, in which environmental information gains transformative powers. Information generation, processing, transmission, and use become fundamental (re)sources of power and transformation in environmental reform. As illustrated by several examples, the conventional powers of (state) authority in environmental protection are partly replaced by informational resources, flows, and processes in new governance arrangements and networks. These new modes of informational governance not only point at innovative means of environmental reform, but also pose a series of more critical questions related to new power constellations, (information) access and democracy, and structural uncertainties following multiple knowledges. Hence, a new research agenda emerges for the environmental social sciences.

In the light of the new wave of competition among governments fuelled by the global discourse of "good governance," the present study examines China's motivation & strategy for establishing an e-government in this global competitive context. By examining the many different political, economic & social incentives for e-governance, it will be shown that China differs from developed countries both in the structure of its e-government as well as in its content priority. The Chinese government has copied developed country models to a certain extent to enhance its governance. In order to encourage China's endeavours to improve its governance, the author tried to develop a series of compatible criteria for evaluating e-governments in general & China's informatization practice in particular. Tables, Figures, Appendixes, References. Adapted from the source document. COPIES ARE AVAILABLE FROM: HAWORTH DOCUMENT DELIVERY CENTER, The Haworth Press, Inc., 10 Alice Street, Binghamton, NY 13904-1580

This paper attempts to identify the key challenges facing Indigenous people and governments in reshaping the architecture of Indigenous governance in the Territory, and considers some strategic options for a way forward. First, a brief historical background is provided to Indigenous governance and local government in the Northern Territory. It examines why the issue of Indigenous governance has become a focus for greater policy and public attention recently, and highlights the implications of historical and current policy changes for future governance arrangements. In the second part of the paper, more detailed attention is given to identifying and analysing the current challenges and issues that are influencing efforts to reshape Indigenous governance in the Northern Territory. The extent to which current initiatives address the broader attributes of strong governance is canvassed, and the solutions and processes involved are also examined. The key issues analysed include: • the state of community government; • the regionalisation of governance and service delivery; • the quest to establish a cultural match or process for governance; • the implications of Indigenous political aspirations and land rights for governance; • the suitability of the Local Government Act for future governance options; for future governance options; • the extent and role of governance education and capacity; and • the vexed issues of government funding and coordination. It is timely for the Northern Territory Government to comprehensively re-examine the suitability of current legislative, funding, development and training frameworks for Indigenous governance, and how these might be reformed to better support Indigenous initiatives to reshape governance. A number of options in these areas are canvassed.