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THIS PAPER DESCRIBES THE ARAB-ISRAELI PEACE PROCESS SINCE CAMP DAVID. THE PALESTINIAN ISSUE AND THE FUTURE STATUS OF JERUSALEM NOW CONSTITUTE THE CORE OF THE ARABISRAELI DISPUTE. BUT THE ARABS ARE NEITHER UNITED AMONG THEMSELVES NOR DO THEY SHARE IDENTICAL VIEWS ON HOW TO SOLVE THE PALESTINIAN PROBLEM. THE AUTHOR NOTES THE ABANDONMENT OF THE COMPREHENSIVENESS OF CAMP DAVID, A DECLINE IN US ACITIVISM, STUDIES THE IMPACT OF THE SOVIET INVASION OF AFGHANISTAN AND THE CARTER DOCTRINE, AND EXAMINES THE IMPACT OF THE FAILURE OF US DIPLOMACY IN LEBANON ON WASHINGTON'S FUTURE ABILITY TO ACT AS A NEUTRAL MEDIATOR IN THE ARAB-ISRAELI CONFLICT.

THE GENERAL PUBLIC AS A WHOLE APPEARS TO BE BENT UPON KEEPING NUCLEAR WAR, THE ARMS RACE, AND ALL OF ITS IMPLICATIONS IN WASHINGTON, D.C., MOSCOW, AND ANYWHERE ELSE "OUT THERE" IN ORDER TO ASSURE THAT THE TOPIC WILL NOT GET IN THE WAY OF LIFE AS USUAL. THE AUTHOR EXAMINES NUMEROUS PSYCHOLOGICAL EXPLANATIONS OF THIS PHENOMENON, AS WELL AS SOME OF THE IMPLICATIONS THE PUBLIC'S RESPONSE MAY HOLD FOR THE YOUTH OF TODAY. FINALLY, A REVIEW OF THE ROLE THAT PARENTS AND EDUCATORS HAVE IN THE SOCIALIZATION OF CHILDREN IN THIS ERA OF NUCLEAR THREAT, AS WELL AS POSSIBLE ALTERNATIVE METHODS OF DEALING WITH THE TOPIC, IS PRESENTED.

THE FUSION OF THE MASS MEDIA AND GOVERNMENT IS SHOWN IN THE WAY COMMERCIALS, MTV, AND OTHER TOOLS OF COMMUNICATION ARE INCREASINGLY MANIPULATED TO UNDERMINE THE INDIVIDUAL'S FREEDOM OF CHOICE. INDEED THE MEDIA PRACTICES A BLENDING OR HOMOGENIZING OF THE CULTURE ALL THE WHILE CREATING THE ILLUSION OF DIVERSIFICATION. IN MANY EXAMPLES, THE AUTHOR SHOWS THAT THE DISTINCTIONS HABITUALLY MADE BETWEEN ENTERTAINMENT AND THE REAL WORLD OF PRODUCTS AND POLITICS WILL NO LONGER SERVE. PREVIOUS HABITS ARE BREAKING UNDER THE PRESSURE OF SIMULTANEOUS CHANGES IN MEDIA AND GOVERNMENT THAT COULD END UP BY RENDERING THE TWO OF THEM VIRTUALLY INDISTINGUISHABLE.

The FFW (Food for Work) programme arose in the aftermath of the 1974 famine in Bangladesh. One of the immediate responses of the Government of Bangladesh (GOB) during the famine was to open gruel kitchens for feeding the destitutes all over the country. Once the worst of the famine was over, the GOB decided to meet the relief needs on a more regular basis through Rural Public Work Programmes. In this effort the government received help from the World Food programme. The government's FFW programme consists of 2197 projects. Based on a sample of 31 project sites, the author evaluates the management of FFW programme. (DÜI-Sen)

The trade-aid-growth nexus debate in a crisis-ravaged international economy during 1977-81 is explored. A sample of 30 developing nations which are beneficiaries of the aid from the Development Assistance Committee of the OECD and one of its high-quality aid donors, Australia, is scrutinized. The aim is to ascertain the differential impacts of trade and aid on the growth and development process of the recipient nations. The author concludes that unless there is a change of heart on trade and aid in major donor countries, and a restructuring of the present international order, the poor countries will remain poor. (DÜI-Sen)

HAS THE VOTING RIGHTS ACT PROVISION REQUIRING LOCAL BOUNDARY CHANGES TO BE PRECLEARED BY FEDERAL OFFICIALS TO ENSURE MINORITY VOTING STRENGTH BEEN EXCESSIVE NATIONAL INTERVENTION, OR HAS LOCAL POLITICAL DETERMINATION BEEN RETAINED? THIS QUESTION IS EXAMINED IN HOUSTON, TEXAS, WHERE THE VRA WAS THE CATALYST FOR THE REORGANIZATION OF HOUSTON'S CITY COUNCIL IN 1979. AT FIRST GLANCE, THE HOUSTON CASE SEEMS TO SUGGEST OVERT FEDERAL INTERVENTION. ON CLOSER EXAMINATION, HOWEVER, THE AUTHOR FOUND THAT COUNCIL CHANGE WAS BORN OUT OF COMPROMISES AMONG CONTENDING LOCAL GROUPS. FEDERAL OFFICIALS WERE ACTIVE PARTICIPANTS IN THE PROCESSES OF CHANGE, BUT ACTED AS RULES INTERPRETERS AND REFEREES RATHER THAN AS DIRECTORS OF CHANGE.

THE AUTHOR TESTS THE HYPOTHESIS THAT MEDIA ACCESS TO THE PRESIDENCY IS BASED ON RATIONAL DECISIONS BASED ON HOW THE ACCESS CONTRIBUTES TO THE PRESIDENT'S ELECTORAL CHANCES, AND IF THIS ACCESS, IN THE CASE OF INTERVIEW REQUESTS, FOLLOWS THE POLITICAL SEASONS. SUPPORT FOR THESE PROPOSITIONS IS PRESENTED IN AN ANALYSIS OF ALL INTERVIEW REQUESTS MADE OF PRESIDENT FORD. THE ANALYSIS LENDS SUPPORT TO THE PROPOSITION THAT ACCESS IS SEASONAL, AND THAT LOCAL NEWSMAN ARE TREATED INDIVIDUALLY ONLY WHEN THEY FULFILL THE NEEDS OF A PRIMARY CAMPAIGN. THE IMPLICATIONS OF THESE FINDINGS FOR THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE PRESIDENT AND THE PRESS ARE DISCUSSED.

This article is actually an outline of history of anthropology in Iran. In part, it traces the development of the field and the problems that some of its practitioners have been endeavoring to overcome. In part, it recounts some of the experiences of the author and the frustrations she and others encountered in trying to broaden the scope of the permissible range of study of anthropology.The ministry of public instructions has made its basic principlelessIt propagates in all ways ignorance and ingratitudeOn the one hand it does not appreciate the knowledge of those who knowOn the other it builds the museum of ethnology.

In July 1985 the National Council for Voluntary Organisations launched a campaign for "action for the forgotten million"— the four out of every five long‐term unemployed people who receive no practical support from the public services, apart from their benefits. The author of the National Council discussion document outlines some of the major issues which will need to be faced. In particular, he argues that public debate tends to concentrate too narrowly on specific initiatives and individual programmes. Instead, there is a need to consider the rights of all long‐term unemployed people, and the needs of the group as a whole.

This article is a synthesis of research on social barriers to giving physical recreation in Poland a mass character. In contradistinction to the large number of empirical studies looking for the sources of the limited range of recreation in objective and external conditions (e.g. organizational, infrastructural, financial or personnel-related), the author's aim is to find the factors in human consciousness and ideas. He sets apart three kinds of barriers: ideological, cultural and psychological. Despite the fact that this research is related to Polish society, which from the cultural point of view is specific, the author thinks similar barriers can also be found in other countries.

A systematic approach for allocating functions to humans and machines has been an elusive goal of human factors specialists for more than 30 years. The author has fortunately been able to obtain contract support for reviewing the earlier techniques and methods in the literature and deriving "lessons learned" to guide the development of the approach reported here. The approach is believed to be systematic and embedded in the overall system design process. This paper describes the systems approach to design and how the allocation of functions is a part of it, as a five-step procedure with four principal rules for arriving at a hypothetical allocation.

The government of Nepal has been attempting to streamline the respective spheres of public and private sectors on pragmatic considerations, i.e. reserving certain social overheads and defense for the public sector and leaving all other activities to the private sector. But on some specific grounds, the government established some consumer goods industries in the public sector. The author critically looks at the public-private sector demarcation. It has often been treated by the government in isolation and with over-emphasis on the industrial sector. Constraints to industrial development. The Seventh Five-Year-Plan (1985-90) and industrial policy. (DÜI-Sen)

The author, ambassador of Egypt to the USA, thinks that the Middle East is one of the most dangerous regions of the globe, with ongoing conflicts in Lebanon, the West Bank, the Gulf and Afghanistan. Over the last 40 years, the Arab-Israeli conflict has been the single most important factor shaping the history of the region and preventing the emergence of a more stable order. However, recent developments have created a more favourable climate for dealing with the Israeli-Palestinian problem. Resolution of this issue would clear the way toward solving the entire Arab-Israeli conflict. (DÜI-Sen)