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Although the intellectual projects of women's history and family his tory have been diverse, there have been some fruitful interrelationships as well as continuing disagreements about conceptualization and method. A systematic exami nation was carried out of the content of articlespublished in the period 1976-1985 in the Journal of Family History, in three self-defined feminist or women's studies journals, and in four general historical journals. Definitions of the two fields were derived from this exercise. These show that women's history, unlike family history, is movement history; it is closer to more central historical fields in the kinds of questions it asks and in method. Because of its role in placing women as a group into a context of family relationships, family history has an important contribution to make to women's history. To the extent that diversity among women, institutions and informal politics become more central to women's history, it will come closer to family history.

It is fashionable to claim 'the end of history'. As classical war seems to be over,many scholars – particularly Alexandre Kojève – argue that we currently face 'the end ofinternational relations'. This article considers the opposite, that is to say how we are nowat the real beginning of international relations, and even of 'intersocial relations', wherebysocial actors and individuals are more and more involved. Such an analysis is also a way ofreinterpreting the dawn of IR, with its internal debates and tensions as well as their presenttransformations. The article questions the traditional typology of IR theories, and points outcorrelations between theoretical challenges and changes or evolutions of history. It is also away for shedding light on what could be considered, in such a chaos, the French approach ofInternational Relations. Is it only a 'French touch' or the basis of a new paradigm?

Problems of periodization have received but limited attention in Burmese historiography. Precolonial, that is to say, pre-nineteenth-century history, is said to be of a piece, without significant institutional or social transformations. Dynasties and rulers changed, of course, sometimes with stunning rapidity; but it is always assumed that these oscillations occurred within a static framework. Lamenting the failure of the early Kon-baung kings to move their capital to the coast, G. E. Harvey, whose history remains the standard work on the precolonial era, observes, "Their ideas remained in the nineteenth century what they had been in the ninth. To build pagodas, to collect daughters from tributary chiefs, to sally forth on slave raids, to make wars for white elephants—these conceptions had had their day, and a monarchy which failed to get beyond them was doomed." In the same vein, it has recently been argued that no "significant transformations" occurred between the origins and collapse of monarchical Burma. The entire precolonial royal era "should be viewed as one entity," for from the mid-ninth to the late nineteenth century "the major features of [Burma's] political, economic, social, administrative, and religious systems were also virtually identical."

Citation: Sweet, Bertha Florence. History of music. Senior thesis, Kansas State Agricultural College, 1907. ; Morse Department of Special Collections ; Introduction: Rome has almost all the credit for the early development of music, but according to actual history it seems that the Romans were a people of observance of and appreciation for arts, but the artists were all from foreign countries, who came to Rome to receive the praise of the hosts, and then made their homes there, practicing and teaching. The most ancient treatise on music is written in the Grecian language, and there had been no original work on the subject by the Romans till the time of Boethius. Another cause for Rome becoming the center of music is that of the spread of the Christian religion. The persecution of the Christians in their own countries caused many to flee from their mother land, and seek the lad of Rome, where they could worship in secrecy. With them they brought the memory of the songs of their native land, and by an intermingling of the various melodies of the different countries, a new type of music was created, but even this deteriorated, as there was no written music, and the so-called melodies were either changed or forgotten.

This important overview explores the connections between Singapore's past with historical developments worldwide until present day. The contributors analyse Singapore as a city-state seeking to provide an interdisciplinary perspective to the study of the global dimensions contributing to Singapore's growth. The book's global perspective demonstrates that many of the discussions of Singapore as a city-state have relevance and implications beyond Singapore to include Southeast Asia and the world. This vital volume should not be missed by economists, as well as those interested in imperial history, business history and networks.

Books reviewed in this article:Rickie Solinger (ed.), Abortion Wars: A Half Century of Struggle, 1950‐2000Nicola Beisel, Imperilled Innocents: Anthony Cornstock and Family Reproduction in Victorian AmericaHelen Hardacre, marketing the menacing Fetus in JapanKaren Newman, Fetal Positions: Individualism, Science, Visuality