Suchergebnisse

Statistics, generated by censuses, represent knowledge of society and environment used in the government of complex hierarchical societies. In this article we discuss the changing ways that censuses have reflected and constructed corporeal and cultural difference in Mexico. We show that shifts in conceptualizing and identifying racial and ethnic groups in Mexico are associated with larger social dynamics, and our history of these determinations is organized according to a series of periods—colonial, mercantile; Porfirian; revolutionary; and neoliberal—that chart changes in political economy as well as shifts in census categories and statistical tools. Second, we point out a shift in the representational technologies of statistics from encyclopedic forms to enumerative forms that occurred in Mexico in the last decades of the nineteenth century. We trace categories of difference across the transition from encyclopedic to enumerative statistics and also describe a shifting balance in the content of those categories among linguistic, cultural and corporeal qualities.

In both professional and academic fields, there is increasing interest in the way in which white-collar workers engage with institutions and networks which are complex social constructions. Covering a wide variety of countries and types of organization, this volume examines the diverse ways in which individuals' ethnic, gender, corporate and professional identities interact. This book brings together fields often viewed in isolation: ethnographies of groups traditionally studied by anthropologists in new organisational contexts, and examinations of the role of identity in corporate life, opening up new perspectives on central areas of contemporary human activity. It will be of great interest to those concerned with practical management of institutions, as well as those of us who find ourselves working within them

This book is the definitive guide to the topical issue of the relationship between political parties that embrace the democratic process and terrorist groups which eschew the legal and procedural strictures of democracy.

Self-definition of ancient Greeks was created under the influence of socio-historical events, reflecting both, the relationship between Hellenes themselves and attitudes towards others. Greek wonder as a selfgenerated process yielded to a growing awareness that the drive towards advancement, observed in certain regions of Greece, was probably not possible without the external impetus of an extensively integrated Mediterranean world (Rollinger 2006, 197-226). The influencing factors for self-definition of ancient Greeks were a shared myth of descent, a shared territory, and a shared sense of history. Many scholars assume, that a sense of Greekness among Dorians, Ionians, Aiolians and others was finally crystallized throughout the number of military conflicts in which they were involved during the Classical period. Its seems probable that Athens played a major role both in the invention of the barbarian concept and in the substitution of cultural for ethnic criteria in the self-definition of Greeks. In their self-definition, Greeks seem to be deliberately stylized as antinomy to what they considered to be typical for others. Similarly, as a response to the strong pressure from the Persians, the national awareness of the Anatolians was formed. Interestingly, in some cases local ethnic groups had chosen cultural elements that had been associated with Greeks or Persians for their self-definition.

© 2015, Association of Iberian and Latin American Studies of Australasia (AILASA). Statistics, generated by censuses, represent knowledge of society and environment used in the government of complex hierarchical societies. In this article we discuss the changing ways that censuses have reflected and constructed corporeal and cultural difference in Mexico. We show that shifts in conceptualizing and identifying racial and ethnic groups in Mexico are associated with larger social dynamics, and our history of these determinations is organized according to a series of periods—colonial, mercantile; Porfirian; revolutionary; and neoliberal—that chart changes in political economy as well as shifts in census categories and statistical tools. Second, we point out a shift in the representational technologies of statistics from encyclopedic forms to enumerative forms that occurred in Mexico in the last decades of the nineteenth century. We trace categories of difference across the transition from encyclopedic to enumerative statistics and also describe a shifting balance in the content of those categories among linguistic, cultural and corporeal qualities.

The empirical & normative aspects of the long-range conse quences to US foreign policy of minority group pressures, & the effect which such influences have had on the US pol'al & soc systems, are explored & hypo's & arguments advanced for further investigation. The major over-all result of the mutual impact of foreign policy & minority group claims has been to thwart Anglo-US friendship, & other consequences have been the mitigation of econ class conflict, the elevation of congressional participation in foreign affairs & the loosening of party discipline. Judgment on the process depends to some extent on judgment of its consequences, & the results may be evaluated in terms of one's view of the Anglo-US alliance, of class conflict in the US, & of party responsibility & congressional participation in foreign affairs. The problem of justifying minority claims on behalf of other nations is the most crucial normative question at the core of any controversy over the interaction of foreign policy & minority group pressures, & the principal arguments on each side of the issue are set forth. IPSA.

Causal modeling procedures are utilized to investigate the relationship between cohesion and productivity in 54 recently formed work groups within the framework of a nine-month longitudinal field study. The results provide evidence of the central role of group acceptance of organizational goals in determining both productivity and cohesion. Goal acceptance affected group productivity positively via two routes: (1) directly and (2) indirectly via its direct effects on group drive. The results also suggest that the relationship between cohesion and productivity is reciprocal but that causation in either direction occurs only in groups exhibiting high goal acceptance and high drive levels. Implications of these findings for the management of work groups are discussed.

Recent events such as the US presidential campaign have polarised public opinion, particularly in terms of support for 'populist' political figures, e.g., Donald Trump, and the seemingly non-egalitarian ideologies that they promote. One might anticipate that disempowered social groups, such as women or sexual minorities, would reject 'right-wing populism', as it rarely appears to advocate their interests or facilitate their empowerment. Yet the existence of movements like 'Gays for Trump' and '#WomenWhoVoteTrump' indicate more complex patterns of support. How might we understand this from gender and sexualities perspectives? This paper presents the proceedings of a round table discussion. Our contributors, members of a cross-institutional social psychological Gender and Sexualities Research Group, each presented a brief five-minute interpretation of the phenomenon. They did so from gender and/or sexualities perspectives, drawing upon different social psychological theory. A chaired debate followed. Key themes from the round table are identified which are potentially helpful in understanding the phenomenon. The broader implications of these themes for practice and theory are considered in terms of the concept of 'safe identities'.

In this paper I critique the concept of social groups deployed by Iris Marion Young in her well-known theory of the five faces of oppression. I contend that Young's approach to conceptualizing social groups creates arbitrary and inconsistent categories, essentializes certain groups, and fails to take seriously the complexity of pluralism. I propose that Margaret Gilbert's work in social metaphysics provides a more philosophically robust account of social groups that serves as a helpful corrective to Young's approach. Gilbert's account of "we"-ness, as well as her theory of the nature of individuals and collectivities, provides a helpful vantage point for critiquing Young's project and its emphasis on the social process of differentiation in the formation of social groups.

The Human rights framework is presumed to be the most reasonable, workable and institutionally realizable mechanism to protect communal identities in multi-ethnic, religious and culturally diversified societies. Multi-culturalism acknowledges the differences among different cultural, religious and ethnic particularities due to the incommensurability of their comprehensive doctrines. Thus it cannot offer any overriding socio-political mechanism which transcends the sphere of cultural particularity. It is genera& believed that human rights framework provides the basis of a just political order and establishes socio political harmony in a multi-cultural society. Ironically there is an inherent antagonistic relationship between human rights struggles and collective identities of specific communities. Human rights are the rights of individuals and not of the community, therefore communal disintegration is the unintended consequence of the institutionalization of the human rights mechanism. In this paper we will try to explain the inherent contradiction between communal identity and human rights framework.This paper has been divided into two sections. The first section deals with the ontological justification of human fights and the priority of right over good. The second section will try to indentify the inherent contradictions in this prioritization of right over good and also discuss the role of the community and history in the constitution of individual selfhood. In conclusion the implication is that communal disintegration is the unintended consequence of human rights politics.

Telling you who I am -- Narrative and self-accounts -- Disclosing a religious identity -- Religious debtors -- Religious dwellers -- Religious diviners -- Moving out: grounding a religious identity -- On my own: taking on a religious identity -- Looking ahead: religious identity as being received