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The discourse on climate change and migration has shifted from labelling migration merely as a consequence of climate impacts, to describing it as a form of human adaptation. This article explores the adaptation framing of the climate change and migration nexus and highlights its shortcomings and advantages. While for some groups, under certain circumstances migration can be an effective form of adaptation, for others it leads to increased vulnerabilities and a poverty spiral, reducing their adaptive capacities. Non-economic losses connected to a change of place further challenge the notion of successful adaptation. Even when migration improves the situation of a household, it may conceal the lack of action on climate change adaptation from national governments or the international community. Given the growing body of evidence on the diverse circumstances and outcomes of migration in the context of climate change, we distinguish between reactive and proactive migration and argue for a precise differentiation in the academic debate.

The discourse on climate change and migration has shifted from labelling migration merely as a consequence of climate impacts, to describing it as a form of human adaptation. This article explores the adaptation framing of the climate change and migration nexus and highlights its shortcomings and advantages. While for some groups, under certain circumstances migration can be an effective form of adaptation, for others it leads to increased vulnerabilities and a poverty spiral, reducing their adaptive capacities. Non-economic losses connected to a change of place further challenge the notion of successful adaptation. Even when migration improves the situation of a household, it may conceal the lack of action on climate change adaptation from national governments or the international community. Given the growing body of evidence on the diverse circumstances and outcomes of migration in the context of climate change, we distinguish between reactive and proactive migration and argue for a precise differentiation in the academic debate.

The discourse on climate change and migration has shifted from labelling migration merely as a consequence of climate impacts, to describing it as a form of human adaptation. This article explores the adaptation framing of the climate change and migration nexus and highlights its shortcomings and advantages. While for some groups, under certain circumstances migration can be an effective form of adaptation, for others it leads to increased vulnerabilities and a poverty spiral, reducing their adaptive capacities. Non-economic losses connected to a change of place further challenge the notion of successful adaptation. Even when migration improves the situation of a household, it may conceal the lack of action on climate change adaptation from national governments or the international community. Given the growing body of evidence on the diverse circumstances and outcomes of migration in the context of climate change, we distinguish between reactive and proactive migration and argue for a precise differentiation in the academic debate.

Abstract
The migration crisis opened up new themes on the basis of the Visegrad Group, which has become the subject of negotiations. Reaction at the EU level showed no/coherence clusters and no/ability to share common positions in negotiations in the EU institutions. There has been a tendency to represent the Central European region as a unit with common interests and needs. The text analyzes 1) the migration policy of the Visegrad Group as a regional organization within the EU and 2) the separate negotiations of the V4 member states at the time of the migration crisis. Our basic assumption for the analysis is the assertion that the Visegrad Group has made it easier for Member States to formulate common positions and objectives in migration policy at a time of migration crisis.

Durch eine Analyse ausgewählter Literatur zu klimawandelbedingter Migration werden drei wesentliche Stränge des europäischen Diskurses darum identifiziert und aufgearbeitet. Dabei handelt es sich um die Konstruktion klimawandelbedingter Migration als ein Sicherheitsproblem, als eine Adaptionsstrategie und als eine rechtliche Fragestellung in Bezug auf den Begriff des Klimaflüchtlings. Im Anschluss werden diese drei Felder aus Climate Justice Perspektive kritisch diskutiert. Es wird dazu aus Prinzipien der Climate Justice Bewegung eine analytische Perspektive abgeleitet, die zur Untersuchung gesellschaftlicher Asymmetrien angewandt werden kann. Sie basiert insbesondere auf Ansätzen der postkolonialen Theorie und der politischen Ökologie. Aus dieser Perspektive wird sichtbar, inwiefern im europäischen Diskurs um klimawandelbedingte Migration die systemischen Ungleichheiten hinter dem anthropogenen Klimawandel reproduziert werden. ; Lena Hannah Brody ; Masterarbeit Universität Klagenfurt 2021 ; Abstract in englischer Sprache

Der Beitrag rekonstruiert die Biographie einer 43 Jahre alten türkischen Migrantin, die zweiundzwanzigjährig nach ihrer Scheidung mit einem einjährigen Kind in die Bundesrepubik eingereist war. Die Fallrekonstruktion dient der Analyse der biographischen Ressourcen, die die Quelle kreativen Handelns werden, über die die Frau Situationen des Ausgeliefertseins und des Leidens überwinden und das Projekt eines "besseren Lebens" verfolgen konnte. In diesem Zusammenhang wird die besondere Rolle postkonventioneller Weiterführung von Traditionalität freigelegt und diskutiert. Traditionalität erscheint hier als überlieferte Sinngebung, die kulturell und religiös das Alltagsleben regelt und im Verlaufe des Migrationsprozesses ständig transformiert und den neuen Verhältnissen angepaßt wird. Die Veränderungen wurden von der Frau durch den ständigen Rückbezug auf ihre ethnische und kulturelle Tradition bewältigt. (pre)

Les études postcoloniales tendent à mettre l'accent sur l'importance du lien entre colonisation et flux migratoires. Il faut cependant relativiser ce lien, des diasporas puissantes ne provenant pas nécessairement d'anciennes colonies des pays d'accueil. De plus, si la pluralité des formes institutionnelles du passé colonial et de la gestion de ses populations conserve un impact sur le traitement des populations dites postcoloniales, d'autres phénomènes pèsent sur l'imaginaire et sur le regard porté sur les migrations.

Culture is not new to the study of migration. It has lurked beneath the surface for some time, occasionally protruding openly into the discussion, usually under some pseudonym. The authors of the papers in this volume bring culture into the open. They are concerned with how culture manifests itself in the migration process for three groups of actors: the migrants, those remaining in the sending areas, and people already living in the recipient locations. The topics vary widely. What unites the authors is an understanding that though actors behave differently, within a group there are economically important shared beliefs (customs, values, attitudes, etc.), which we commonly referred to as culture. Culture plays a central role in our understanding of migration as an economic phenomenon. While the papers in this volume occasionally touch on this diversity and the conflicts it engenders, this is not the focus of the volume. Here the emphasis is on the distinctions in culture between migrants, the families they left behind, and the local population in the migration destination. The new interactions directly affect all three groups. Assimilation is one result; separation is also a possibility. Location choice, workplace interaction, enclave size, the opportunity for the migrant obtaining credit in their new country, the local populations reaction to migrants, the political culture of the migrants and local population, links to the country-of-origin, and the economic state of the host country, all contribute to the classic conflict between assimilation and separation. This volume will consider different aspects of the process of assimilation considering the affect on the migrants themselves, on the local population, on the families left at the home country and others.

Most Burmese people fleeing their homes do so for a combination of reasons. The root causes for leaving, however, determine which 'category' they belong to: 'internally displaced persons' (IDPs) or 'economic migrants'. There is some discussion as to whether people leaving their homes due to exhaustion of livelihoods options are IDPs according to the Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement -- or not. Ashley South and Andrew Bosson present their views below. By analogy, this debate can be extended to Burmese people in exile. Are Burmese people outside refugee camps 'economic migrants' or 'self-settled refugees'? The article 'Invisible in Thailand' (pp31-33) sheds more light on this. Adapted from the source document.

Im Rahmen dieses Beitrags wird die Frage analysiert, ob ein großzügig ausgestalteter Sozialstaat zusätzliche Wanderungsanreize generieren kann, die eine nennenswerte Zuwanderung in das Sozialversicherungssystem zur Folge hat. Darüber hinaus werden verschiedene Politikoptionen zur Einschränkung derartiger Zuwanderungsströme diskutiert. Ein Überblick der relevanten empirischen Literatur zeigt, dass der derzeit keine gesicherten Aussagen hinsichtlich der Effekte von Sozialversicherungssystemen auf die Wanderungsentscheidung von Individuen möglich sind. Die empirische Evidenz lässt jedoch vermuten, dass starke Effekte unwahrscheinlich sind. Es wird weiterhin aufgezeigt, dass die gestiegene Sozialhilfequote unter Ausländern in Deutschland zu einem Großteil historisch bedingt ist und angesichts einer sich fundamental ändernden Immigrationspolitik nicht auf zukünftige Zuwanderungsströme projiziert werden kann. Empirische Studien zu den Determinanten des Sozialhilfebezugs implizieren, dass eine auf die Arbeitsmarkt- und Integrationsfähigkeit von Migranten ausgerichtete selektive Zuwanderungspolitik, wie sie teilweise im neuen Zuwanderungsgesetz vorgesehen ist, dazu beitragen kann, das Sozialhilferisiko zukünftiger Zuwanderer zu verringern.

This essay applies the theories of Ulrich Beck's Risk Society to the politics of migration in Germany. In particular, the essay focuses on Beck's notion of the waning influence, indeed even relevancy, of science and scientists regarding postmodern risk phenomena. The essay argues that migration to Germany can be understood as a Beckian risk phenomenon, helping to explain the decreasing influence of social scientists over the politics of migration in the Federal Republic.