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"Cover" -- "Title" -- "Copyright" -- "Dedication" -- "Contents" -- "Notes on Contributors" -- "Preface" -- "1 Networked Urban Mobilities: Practices, Flows, Methods" -- "Part I Moving and Pausing" -- "2 'DING-DING-DONG': Shifting Atmospheres in Mobilities Design" -- "3 The Final Countdown: Ambiguities of Real Time Information Systems 'Directing' the Waiting Experience in Public Transport" -- "4 Bus Stops Matter: An Ethnography of the Experience of Physical Activity and the Bus Stop Design" -- "5 Solid Urban Mobilities: Buses, Rhythms, and Communities" -- "6 On Social Cracks in Train Commuting" -- "7 Road Radio: Taking Mobilities Research on the Road and Into the Air" -- "8 Managing Mobilities in the Working Context" -- "9 Tracing Trans-Atlantic Romani Im/Mobilities: Doing Ethnography in a Hyper-Mobile Field" -- "Part II Communities and Collaborations" -- "10 The Little Mermaid Is a Portal: Digital Mobility and Transformations" -- "11 Viscosities and Meshwork: Assembling Dynamic Pathways of Mobilities" -- "12 Parked Students, Surfing Workers, and Working in Third Places With Mobile Technology" -- "13 Urban Borderlands of Mobility: Ethnographic Fieldwork Amongst Unconventional Elderly City People" -- "14 Understanding Everyday Mobilities Through the Lens of Disruption" -- "15 Experiences of Mobile Belonging" -- "16 The Spaces, Mobilities, and Soundings of Coding" -- "17 Mobility, Media, and the Experiences of Airbnb's Aesthetic Regime" -- "Part III Modes and Emotions" -- "18 Senses Matter: A Sensory Ethnography of Urban Cycling" -- "19 Feeling Community: Emotional Geographies on Cycling Infrastructure" -- "20 Urban Velomobility and the Spatial Problems of Cycling" -- "21 The Role of the Driver-Car Assemblage in the Practices of Long-Distance Aeromobility" -- "22 U.Move 2.0: The Spatial and Virtual Mobility of Young People

Cover -- Half Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- INTRODUCTION -- Part I: Materiality -- 1 "Danger, Jane Roe!" Material Data Visualization as Feminist Praxis -- 2 The Android Goddess Declaration: After Man(ifestos) -- 3 What Passes for Human? Undermining the Universal Subject in Digital Humanities Praxis -- 4 Accounting and Accountability: Feminist Grant Administration and Coalitional Fair Finance -- Part II: Values -- 5 Be More Than Binary -- 6 Representation at Digital Humanities Conferences (2000- 2015) -- 7 Counting the Costs: Funding Feminism in the Digital Humanities -- 8 Toward a Queer Digital Humanities -- Part III: Embodiment -- 9 Remaking History: Lesbian Feminist Historical Methods in the Digital Humanities -- 10 Prototyping Personography for The Yellow Nineties Online: Queering and Querying History in the Digital Age -- 11 Is Twitter Any Place for a [Black Academic] Lady? -- 12 Bringing Up the Bodies: The Visceral, the Virtual, and the Visible -- Part IV: Affect -- 13 Ev- Ent- Anglement: A Script to Reflexively Extend Engagement by Way of Technologies -- 14 Building Pleasure and the Digital Archive -- 15 Delivery Service: Gender and the Political Unconscious of Digital Humanities -- Part V: Labor -- 16 Building Otherwise -- 17 Working Nine to Five: What a Way to Make an Academic Living? -- 18 Minority Report: The Myth of Equality in the Digital Humanities -- 19 Complicating a "Great Man" Narrative of Digital History in the United States -- Part VI: Situatedness -- 20 Can We Trust the University? Digital Humanities Collaborations with Historically Exploited Cultural Communities -- 21 Domestic Disturbances: Precarity, Agency, Data -- 22 Project | Process | Product: Feminist Digital Subjectivity in a Shifting Scholarly Field -- 23 Decolonizing Digital Humanities: Africa in Perspective

Intro -- The Companion to International Humanitarian Law -- Copyright -- Contents -- Foreword: ihl in a Time of Crisis - Back to the Basics? -- Preface -- Abbreviations -- Notes on Contributors -- Section A: Essays -- 1 Promoting the Teaching of IHL in Universities: Overview, Successes, and Challenges of the ICRC's Approach -- 2 Comparing Experiences: Engaging States and Non-State Armed Groups on International Humanitarian Law -- 3 Legislative Measures in International Humanitarian Law: A Jigsaw of Subtle Fragmentation -- 4 The Future of the International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission: A Possibility to Overcome the Weakness of IHL Compliance Mechanisms? -- 5 The Role of United Nations Commissions of Inquiry in the Implementation of IHL: Potential and Challenges -- 6 The Intricate Relationship between International Human Rights Law and International Humanitarian Law in the European Court for Human Rights Case Law: An Analysis of the Specific Case of Detention in Non-International Armed Conflicts -- 7 International Humanitarian Law in the Jurisprudence of International Criminal Tribunals and Courts -- Section B: Entries -- 1 Abandoned Explosive Ordnances -- 2 Acts Harmful to the Enemy -- 3 Additional Protocol I -- 4 Additional Protocol II -- 5 Additional Protocol III -- 6 Administrative Detention -- 7 Aerial Warfare -- 8 Amnesty -- 9 Animals -- 10 Annexation -- 11 Anti-Personnel Mine Ban Convention (1997) -- 12 Anti-Terrorist Operations -- 13 Apartheid -- 14 Area Bombardment -- 15 Armed Forces -- 16 Armed Groups -- 17 Armistice -- 18 Arms Trade Treaty (2014) -- 19 Artillery -- 20 Asymmetric Warfare -- 21 Asphyxiating Gases -- 22 Assigned Residence -- 23 Attacks -- 24 Attacks against Civilians and Persons Hors de Combat -- 25 Attacks against Historic Monuments, Works of Art and Places of Worship

Intro -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- 1 Before the Church: The Jewish musical tradition -- 2 Psalms and hymns and spiritual songs: Music and the early Church -- 3 The Church goes public: Christian music after Constantine -- 4 Christian chant: The core of medieval worship -- 5 Music of the Orthodox Church -- 6 Medieval polyphony: The Church discovers harmony -- 7 The music of the Renaissance: The peaks of polyphony -- 8 'A safe stronghold': The music of the Lutheran Reformation -- 9 'In quires and places where they sing': The making of the Anglican tradition -- 10 Psalms, canticles and hymns: The genesis of Christian hymns -- 11 Gloria in excelsis Deo: The making of Catholic baroque -- 12 Christian music in Latin America -- 13 Bach and Handel: Two great Protestant baroque composers -- 14 The Viennese tradition: Liturgical and non-liturgical sacred music -- 15 Heights of intensity: Sacred music in the age of Romanticism -- 16 Hymns ancient and modern: The nineteenth-century hymn industry -- 17 Camp meetings and revivals: The making of the US gospel tradition -- 18 'I got a home in dat Rock': Spirituals and the blues -- 19 'God bless Africa': Christian music in Africa -- 20 Christian music in Asia and Australasia -- 21 Apocalypse now! Sacred music and the concert hall -- 22 'Surely goodness and mercy shall follow me': Popular church music -- 23 'Give me that old time religion': Gospel music -- 24 'I wish we'd all been ready': The contemporary Christian music industry -- 25 'Ain't nobody nowhere nothin' without God': Christians do country, folk and jazz -- Notes -- Further reading -- Index

Cover; Half Title; Title Page; Copyright; Dedication; Contents; Preface; Plates; Part I: This Is My Story; 1: Memories of My Childhood; 2: Adolescence; 3: Home Again; 4: Early Days of Our Marriage; 5: A Woman; 6: My Introduction to Politics; 7: Washington; 8: Growing Independence; 9: A Changing Existence; 10: Readjustment; 11: The 1920 Campaign and Back to New York; 12: Trial by Fire; Part II: This I Remember; 13: The Private Lives of Public Servants; 14: Private Interlude: 1921-1927; 15: The Governorship Years: 1928-1932; 16: I Learn to Be a President's Wife; 17: The First Year: 1933; 18: The Peaceful Years: 1934-193619: Second Term: 1936-1937; 20: The Royal Visitors; 21: Second Term: 1939-1940; 22: The Coming of War: 1941; 23: Visit to England; 24: Getting on with the War: 1943; 25: Visit to the Pacific; 26: Teheran and the Caribbean; 27: The Last Term: 1944-1945; Part III: On My Own; 28: An End and a Beginning; 29: Not Many Dull Minutes; 30: Learning the Ropes in the UN; 31: I Learn about Soviet Tactics; 32: The Human Rights Commission; 33: Foreign Travels; 34: The Long Way Home; 35: Campaigning for Stevenson; 36: Bali and Morocco; 37: In the Land of the Soviets; 38: A Challenge for the WestPart IV: The Search for Understanding; 39: Second Visit to Russia; 40: The American Dream; 41: Milestones; 42: The Democratic Convention of 1960; 43: Unfinished Business; Afterword: Nancy Roosevelt Ireland; Index; About Zed

Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- List of Tables -- Chapter 1 Introduction: The Study of Soviet Leadership -- The Institutional Basis of Elite Politics -- References -- Chapter 2 Oligarchy with a Predominant Leader, 1917-22 -- Institutional Fluidity -- Dynamics of Conflict Within the Collective -- The Shape of Elite Consensus -- Personalized Politics -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3 Rule by Pure Oligarchy, 1923-29 -- Strategies of Factional Conflict -- Appeal to Authority -- Role of Policy -- Mobilization of Institutions -- On Factions -- The Dynamics of Opposition -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 4 From the Predominant to the Dominant Leader, 1930-53 -- Oligarchy with a Predominant Leader, 1930-34 -- Institutional Context -- The Norms of Leadership Politics -- The Leader Dominant and Involved, 1935-41 -- The Institutional Arena -- Norms of Leadership Politics -- Dominant Leader Within the Collective, 1941-45 -- Dominant, but Distant, 1945-53 -- Institutional Contours -- The Norms of Leadership Politics -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 5 The Limits of the Predominant Leader, 1953-64 -- The Elite Consensus -- The Post-Stalin Elite -- Undermining Collectivism -- The Achilles Heel of Leadership Predominance -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6 Predominant Leader Within the Collective, 1964-82 -- Development of a Brezhnev Faction? -- Norms of Elite Politics -- Institutional Contours of Elite Politics -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 7 Collectivism Collapses, 1982-91 -- The Interregnum: Andropov and Chernenko -- Gorbachev and the Collapse of Collective Leadership -- A Gorbachev Faction? -- The Strategy of the Predominant Leader -- Mode of Opposing the Predominant Leader -- Destruction of the Institutions of Collective Leadership -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 8 Conclusion -- Formal Norms -- Informal Norms.

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Preface -- PART I: Studies from Asia -- 1 Filipino Remittances -- 2 Can Tourism Solve the Poverty Problem? A Case Study from China -- 3 The Struggle over Historical Preservation in the People's Republic of China -- 4 Japan's Falling Birth Rate and What to Do about It -- 5 Japan's Great Tohoku Earthquake of 2011 -- PART II: Studies from Central and Eastern Europe -- 6 The Erased of Slovenia -- 7 The Peasantry in Post-Socialist Hungary -- 8 Physical Education and Social Policy in Hungary -- 9 The Sociology of Everyday Life in Russia and Ukraine -- 10 The Russian Middle Class -- 11 Transylvanian Demography and World War I -- PART III: Studies from Australasia -- 12 How to Preserve Indigenous Languages: Twitter! -- 13 Sexual Abuse of Children in New Zealand -- PART IV: Studies from Africa -- 14 Is Hatred of the "Other" Universal? The Curious Case of African Immigrants in South Africa -- 15 Gender and Urban Agriculture in Nigeria -- 16 Public Health in Nigeria: TB, HIV, Depression, and Quality of Life -- PART V: Studies from the Middle East -- 17 Network Terrorism and the International Jihadi Movement -- 18 Muslims in Europe -- 19 Arab Sociology -- 20 Social Media and the Arab Spring -- PART VI: Studies from Latin America -- 21 The Maquiladoras of Mexico: Disaster or Economic Salvation? -- 22 Renationalization in Contemporary Argentina -- 23 Street Children in Honduras -- PART VII: Studies from Elsewhere -- 24 Cruise Ship Economics and Sociology -- 25 Indigenous Rights and Resource Governance in the Circumpolar Regions -- 26 The Lessons Learned -- Index

Cover -- Contents -- Plates -- Illustrations -- Frantz Fanon: Works Cited -- General Introduction -- Part I Theatre -- Fanon, revolutionary playwright -- 1 The Drowning Eye -- 2 Parallel Hands -- Part II Psychiatric Writings -- Fanon, revolutionary psychiatrist -- 1 Mental alterations, character modifications, psychic disorders and intellectual deficit in spinocerebellar heredodegeneration: A case of Friedreich's ataxia with delusions of possession -- 2 Letter to Maurice Despinoy -- 3 Trait d'Union -- 4 On some cases treated with the Bini method -- 5 Indications of electroconvulsive therapy within institutional therapies -- 6 On an attempt to rehabilitate a patient suffering from morpheic epilepsy and serious character disorders -- 7 Note on sleep therapy techniques using conditioning and electroencephalographic monitoring -- 8 Our Journal -- 9 Letter to Maurice Despinoy -- 10 Social therapy in a ward of Muslim men: Methodological difficulties -- 11 Daily life in the douars -- 12 Introduction to sexuality disorders among North Africans -- 13 Currents aspects of mental care in Algeria -- 14 Ethnopsychiatric considerations -- 15 Conducts of confession in North Africa (1) -- 16 Conducts of confession in North Africa (2) -- 17 Letter to Maurice Despinoy -- 18 Maghrebi Muslims and their attitude to madness -- 19 TAT in Muslim women: Sociology of perception and imagination -- 20 Letter to the Resident Minister -- 21 The phenomenon of agitation in the psychiatric milieu: General considerations, psychopathological meaning -- 22 Biological study of the action of lithium citrate on bouts of mania -- 23 On a case of torsion spasm -- 24 First tests using injectable meprobamate for hypochondriac states -- 25 Day hospitalization in psychiatry: Value and limits -- 26 Day hospitalization in psychiatry: Value and limits. Part two: - doctrinal considerations

Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Maps -- Introduction -- Acknowledgements -- 2003: -- November 18: The Olive Harvest -- November 19: Farmer Kidnapped in Marda -- November 20: Checkpoint Watch in Deir Ballut & Jubara -- November 21: Munira's House & Other Families in the "Seam" -- November 23: Roadblocks & a Demonstration in Budrus -- November 24: Jenin Camp -- November 27: Huwwara Checkpoint & Nablus City -- November 28: Outposts, Settler Violence, & the Village of Yanoun -- November 29: Conversation with Omar in Balata Refugee Camp -- November 30: On the Way to Samariya Ruins -- December 01: Harvesting in Ariel Settlement -- December 12: Planning & Strategizing -- December 13: The Wall & the Trees -- December 15: Flying Checkpoints & a Demonstration in A 'ram -- December 16: Waiting at the Gate -- December 19: Deir Ballut Peace Camp Against the Wall -- December 21: Birth & Death at Deir Ballut Checkpoint -- December 25: The Women & Children of Deir Ballut -- December 31: Israeli Activist Shot & Reflections on Nonviolence -- 2004: -- January 03: Fire & a Demonstration in Deir Ballut -- January 08: Nonviolent Resistance in Budrus -- 2005: -- February 14: Boys' School Under Attack -- February 15: Discussing Faith & Peace with Old Friends -- February 16: The Wall & the Refugees -- February 20: Israeli Activism, House Demolitions, & Jerusalem -- February 22: X-Ray Checkpoint & a Demonstration in Bil'ain -- February 25: Prayer on Threatened Land & an Ad-Lib Roadblock -- February 26: Reflections on Armed Attacks Against Israel -- March 04: Settler Violence in Yasouf & Kafr Thulth -- March 09: Are Things Getting Better? -- March 12: From Jericho to Hebron -- March 13: Conversation with Hamas Supporters -- March 19: Environmental Destruction & a Stolen Road -- March 23: Thieves in the Night

Cover -- Half Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- List of Illustrations -- Introduction -- Credits -- Part 1 Administrative Responsibility -- 1 Administrative Responsibility in Democratic Government -- 2 Ethics and Administrative Discretion -- 3 Trends of a Decade in Administrative Values -- 4 Ethics and the Public Service -- 5 The Possibility of Administrative Ethics -- Part 2 Solving Ethical Dilemmas -- 6 Ethical Guidelines for Public Administrators: Observations on Rules of the Game -- 7 Ethical Dilemmas in Forecasting for Public Policy -- 8 Types and Levels of Public Morality -- 9 Managing Competing Claims: An Ethical Framework for Human Resource Decision Making -- Part 3 Corruption -- 10 A Scandal in Utopia -- 11 Reflections on Watergate: Lessons for Public Administration -- 12 Administrative Corruption -- 13 New Directions in the Study of Administrative Corruption -- Part 4 Codes of Ethics -- 14 A Code of Ethics as a Means of Controlling Administrative Conduct -- 15 Ethics in the Public Service -- 16 The Problem of Moral Reasoning in American Public Administration: The Case for a Code of Ethics -- Part 5 Enforcing Ethical Behavior -- 17 Ethics in Government as a Problem in Executive Management -- 18 Whistle-Blowing in the Public Service: An Overview of the Issues -- 19 The Inspector General Concept: Where It's Been, Where It's Going -- Part 6 Ethics Education -- 20 The Study of Ethics in the P.A. Curriculum -- 21 Two Approaches to Police Ethics -- 22 Teaching Moral Education in Public Administration -- Part 7 Professionalism -- 23 The Managerial Ethic and Productivity Improvement -- 24 Citizenship and Professionalism in Public Administration -- 25 The Public Service and the Patriotism of Benevolence -- 26 Professionalism, Legitimacy, and the Constitution -- Part 8 Ethics in the Twenty-First Century

Cover -- Half Title -- Dedication -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Foreword -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction: The Age of Politics, Continued -- I. The Transcendent Questions -- 1. Virtue versus Freedom: Allies or Antagonists? -- 2. God and the Economy: Is Capitalism Moral? -- 3. Should Christians Be Statists? -- 4. Libertarians and Christians in a Hostile World -- II. Abortion: The Irreconcilable Conflict -- 5. The Real Meaning of Choice -- 6. From Pro-Choice to Pro-Coercion -- 7. The Escalating Abortion Wars -- III . Earth Keeping or Earth Worship? -- 8. Ecology as Religion: Faith in Place of Fact -- 9. Environmentalism: The Triumph of Politics -- IV. Republic or Empire: The New Wilsonism -- 10. Keep the Troops and the Money at Home -- 11. The Pitfalls of Collective Security -- V. International Debt or Development? -- 12. The Misdeeds of International Aid -- 13. World Bank: Servant of Governments, Not Peoples -- VI. The Regulatory State -- 14. America's Regulatory Dirty Dozen -- 15. Whither Health Care in the Age of Clinton? -- 16. The Pharmaceutical Industry: Problem or Solution? -- 17. National Service: Utopias Revisited -- 18. Real Welfare Reform: An Idea Whose Time Has Come -- 19. War on Drugs or America? -- VII. Redistribution without End -- 20. Still Paying for Government -- 21. The Decade of Envy -- 22. Not Theirs to Give -- 23. Tax Fairness, Clinton-Style -- 24. The New Democrats: Spend and Tax, Rather than Tax and Spend -- 25. A Coast-to-Coast Federal Dole -- 26. The Time of the Political Locusts -- 27. The NEA: They Still Don't Get It -- Index

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- List of Tables and Maps -- List of Acronyms -- Preface to the Ninth Edition -- PART I The Latin American Tradition and Process of Development -- Introduction -- 1 The Context of Latin American Politics -- 2 A Brief History of Latin America -- 3 Actors, Interest Groups, and Political Parties -- 4 State Institutions and Public Policy -- 5 The Political Economy of Latin America -- 6 Latin America and the United States -- 7 The Struggle for Democracy in Latin America -- PART II The Political Systems of South America -- 8 Argentina: The Economic Tango Continues -- 9 Brazil: The Politics of Elite Rule -- 10 Chile: From Democracy to Dictatorship and Back -- 11 Colombia: Is Guerrilla Violence Near Its End? -- 12 Peru: Overcoming the Authoritarian Legacy at Last? -- 13 Venezuela: Political Decay amid the Struggle for Regime Legitimacy -- 14 Uruguay: Balancing Growth and Democracy -- 15 Paraguay: The Uneven Trajectory -- 16 Bolivia: Changes, Continuities, and Contradictions -- 17 Ecuador: Change and Continuity After Ten Years of New Left Revolution -- PART III The Political Systems of Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean -- 18 Mexico: Democratization and Violence -- 19 Cuba: Revolution in the Balance? -- 20 Costa Rica -- 21 Nicaragua: An Uncertain Future -- 22 El Salvador: Civil War to Uncivil Peace -- 23 Guatemala: Breaking Free from the Past? -- 24 Honduras: Democracy in Peril -- 25 Panama: Political Culture and the Struggle to Build Democracy -- 26 The Dominican Republic: Democracy, Still a Work in Progress -- 27 Haiti: Searching for Democratic Governance -- About the Editors and Contributors -- Index

Cover -- Half Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Preface -- 1 The Behavior of Lawyers -- 1. Discrediting the Truthful Witness -- 2. Exploiting the Adversary's Mistake -- 3. Better Not to Probe -- 4. Stating the Law Before Asking for the Facts -- 5. Dilatory Tactics -- 6. Describing the Consequences of Criminal Conduct -- 7. Counseling to Breach a Contract -- 8. Lying in Negotiations -- 9. Custody Blackmail -- 10. Using a False Identity -- 11. Inserting an Illegal Clause -- 12. Taking Advantage of Another Lawyer's Ignorance -- 13. Dealing with the Unrepresented Person -- 14. Arguing Pro and Con -- 15. Confidentiality: Life-Threatening Injury -- 16. Confidentiality: Past Fraud -- 17. Confidentiality: Child Abuse -- 18. Confidentiality: Unprosecuted Homicide -- 19. Immoral Objective: Statute of Limitations -- 20. Immoral Objective: Television Trash -- 21. Immoral Objective: Gambling Enterprises -- 22. Immoral Objective: Nazi Speech -- 23. Immoral Objective: Seeking Acquittal of a Rape-Murderer -- Summary of Principles -- Notes -- 2 The Lawyer's Service on Behalf of an Immoral Objective -- The Elements of Morality -- The Judge and the Immoral Law -- The Role Morality of the Lawyer -- Client Autonomy as Moral Justification -- The Response to the Lawyer's Role Morality -- The Response to the Client Autonomy Justification -- Two Special Situations: Breach of Contract and Seeking Acquittal for the Rape-Murder -- Notes -- 3 The Morality of the Means -- Litigation as Fact-Finding -- Confidentiality -- Tactics -- A Contradiction -- The Justice Theory of Representation -- An Experiment -- Notes -- 4 A Troubled Profession -- The Hired Gun and the Independent Lawyer -- Advertising -- Commercialism -- Hardball Tactics -- Conclusion -- Notes -- Appendix: Excerpts from Professional Rules

In this book, we study demographic developments in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). In the past, the demographic developments in the Middle East and North Africa have been described as "peculiar" and "unique". In particular, the development of fertility got attention from a western point of view because it did not show the sharp decline with increasing development as the western countries did. Moreover, the growing population size and the bulk of young people caused worries, particularly in Europe, where a discussion about "the death of the West" has started. Thus, the demographic processes in the Middle East and North Africa call for a closer inspection of the recent levels and tends. Surprisingly, there is not much literature on these countries, leading us to compile essential descriptive findings. In the present book, we evaluate the current state and recent demographic developments in the MENA countries by presenting comparable and recent data on changes since 1950 and on the current characteristics of the population in the 22 countries of the Arab League (Algeria, Bahrain, the Comoros, Djibouti, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Oman, State of Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syrian Arab Republic, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates, Yemen) plus three neighboring countries (Israel, Turkey, and Iran) using databases of various United Nations agencies and the World Bank. We deliberately refrain from discussing population forecasts which, due to assumptions underlying to them, would be worth to be discussed separately.

In this book, we study demographic developments in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). In the past, the demographic developments in the Middle East and North Africa have been described as "peculiar" and "unique". In particular, the development of fertility got attention from a western point of view because it did not show the sharp decline with increasing development as the western countries did. Moreover, the growing population size and the bulk of young people caused worries, particularly in Europe, where a discussion about "the death of the West" has started. Thus, the demographic processes in the Middle East and North Africa call for a closer inspection of the recent levels and tends. Surprisingly, there is not much literature on these countries, leading us to compile essential descriptive findings. In the present book, we evaluate the current state and recent demographic developments in the MENA countries by presenting comparable and recent data on changes since 1950 and on the current characteristics of the population in the 22 countries of the Arab League (Algeria, Bahrain, the Comoros, Djibouti, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Oman, State of Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syrian Arab Republic, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates, Yemen) plus three neighboring countries (Israel, Turkey, and Iran) using databases of various United Nations agencies and the World Bank. We deliberately refrain from discussing population forecasts which, due to assumptions underlying to them, would be worth to be discussed separately.