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Based on a 1974 province-wide sample of 3,036 adolescents in grades 7-12 in Nova Scotia, revealed were the following major patterns: (1) a partisan identity is learned early by the large majority of students; (2) Nova Scotian students show a high level of congruent partisan attachment across the levels of government in the Canadian federal system; & (3) data indicate a high level of transmission of the same partisan loyalties from parent to child. Placed in a comparative perspective, results demonstrate that partisan identity in Nova Scotia is learned earlier & among a greater number of adolescents than in many Western countries. 14 Tables. AA.

News media plays an arbiter job between the general population and another world. Holding public trust in explicit news media is the principal task since those who trust them will be set up to sit tight for their most recent variant. Media outline data to impact the public's convictions and mentalities. Different media types, including print media, present the perspectives outwardly world that causes us in framing and reshaping our assessment towards a specific issue. Thus, by keeping in view the importance of media in general and news media in particular, this article examined the role of news media in accelerating voters' engagement and decision-making in the electoral process. We randomly selected a sample of n= 50 articles investigating the role of news media in political communication and its impacts. Cited literature reveled that, despite political framing and partial representations, the role of media reporting is highly acknowledged. As a result, First, media content influences the acquisition of more information on a political phenomenon. In the second step, acquired media information is accompanied by emotional and attitudinal reactions. Thus, from the early day of mass media research, media platforms are considered as a source of information and communication for the audience. Besides, partisan politics also influence the media stakeholders to convey the desired political information and benefit from financial and others. Furthermore, we have discussed the study limitations and made the recommendations.

This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Tello, A, Codina, R. Field‐to‐field coupled fluid structure interaction: A reduced order model study. Int J Numer Methods Eng. 2021; 122: 53– 81. https://doi.org/10.1002/nme.6525, which has been published in final form at https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/nme.6525. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving. ; The standard Fluid-Structure Interaction (fsi) coupling, that uses as unknowns velocity and pressure for the fluid and displacements for the solid, is compared against two novel types of coupling, the first one a three-field coupling (velocity-pressure-stress/displacement-pressure-stress) introduced by the authors in a recent work, and a two-field coupling (velocity-pressure/displacement-pressure) introduced in this paper, in this way completing our set of Field to Field (f2f) equations, all stabilized by means of the Variational Multi-Scale (vms) method using dynamic and orthogonal subscales. The solid two-field fsi coupling formulation is benchmarked statically and dynamically. Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (pod) is applied to all three fsi formulations to obtain reduced basis and asses their performance in a reduced space. Numerical tests are shown comparing all three formulations. By correctly resolving the Cauchy stress tensor, the three-field fsi coupling proves to provide more accurate results in both Full Order Model (fom) and Reduced Order Model (rom) spaces than its counterparts for a similar number of degrees of freedom, making it a reliable formulation. f2f pairing appears to be beneficial, providing more accurate results in all cases shown; mixed pairing with a three-field formulation in the solid appears to produce very precise results as well. ; A. Tello wants to acknowledge the doctoral scholarship received from the Colombian Government Colciencias. R. Codina gratefully acknowledges the support received from the ICREA Acadèmia Program, from the Catalan Government. ; Peer Reviewed ; Postprint (author's final draft)

AbstractIn this article, we examine public policy change at the local level of governance in the aftermath of an extraordinary event. Using the case study of a Swedish municipality after the sweeping forest fire of 2014, we contend that policy entrepreneurship, like its market counterpart, may under certain conditions take on a wider range of behaviors that are not underpinned by the proactive quest for opportunities. Rather, a sense of urgency and necessity, professional norms, and some keen technical skills make for a different kind of entrepreneurship, which we label reactive policy entrepreneurship.

In recent decades, public administration has taken a great interest in leadership. However, this interest has been met with concerns that the effects of leadership are overestimated compared to other relevant organizational factors. In this article, we explore the relative importance of formal, vertical leadership, specifically transformational leadership, and horizontal relations, that is, the internal team relations, for different employee outcomes and user satisfaction. We argue that both factors may work through public service motivation (PSM). Based on survey data collected in Danish nursing homes linked with a user satisfaction survey and employee sickness absence data, we find that the internal team relations have the strongest association with some outcome measures, whereas others are more substantially related to vertical leadership. We further find that the relationship between transformational leadership and these outcome measures is fully mediated by PSM, whereas this is not the case with the internal team relations.

Das Datenerhebungsprogramm "FReDA – Das familiendemografische Panel" ist ein Kooperationsprojekt unter der Beteiligung des Bundesinstituts für Bevölkerungsforschung (BiB), GESIS – Leibniz-Institut für Sozialwissenschaften, und – stellvertretend für das pairfam Konsortium – der Universität zu Köln und der Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena. FReDA ist eine familiendemografische Längsschnittstudie mit internationalem und dyadischem Design (Partnerbefragung). Als Teil des internationalen Generations and Gender Programme (GGP) erlaubt die deutsche GGS-Stichprobe (FReDA-GGS) international vergleichende Analysen. In künftigen Wellen wird zudem die seit 2008 bestehende pairfam-Stichprobe in FReDA integriert und als FReDA-pairfam Stichprobe in einer gemeinsamen Befragung weiterbefragt.

Die erste FReDA Welle W1 besteht aus mehreren Teilwellen: einer Rekrutierungswelle W1R und zwei weiteren Teilwellen, W1A und W1B. Die Interviews der ersten Welle wurden im selbst-administrierten Modus, wahlweise web-basiert (CAWI) oder in Papierform (PAPI) durch infas Institut für angewandte Sozialwissenschaften durchgeführt. Die Daten der ersten Welle wurden von April bis Juni 2021 (W1R), Juli bis September 2021 (W1A) und November 2021 bis Januar 2022 (W1B) erhoben. Zusätzlich wurden im Zeitraum von August bis November 2021 (W1Apartner) die Partner und Partnerinnen der Ankerpersonen befragt.

Der thematische Fokus von FReDA liegt auf Familienleben und Beziehungen in Deutschland. Die Fragebögen der FReDA Welle W1 sind modular strukturiert und beinhalten die folgenden Themengebiete:
• Demografie
• Gesundheit, Wohlbefinden und Persönlichkeit
• Arbeit/Beschäftigung und Einkommen
• Familienplanung und Fertilität
• Paarbeziehungen und Partnerschaft
• Intergenerationale Beziehungen
• Einstellungen und Werte
• Covid-19 Pandemie

Für die Rekrutierung der Ankerpersonen der FReDA-GGS Stichprobe wurde eine probabilistische Stichprobe von 108.256 zufällig ausgewählten in Deutschland gemeldeten Personen im Alter zwischen 18 und 49 Jahren herangezogen.
In der Rekrutierungswelle W1R haben insgesamt 37.777 Personen an der Umfrage teilgenommen. In den beiden folgenden Teilwellen W1A und W1B haben 22.048 bzw. 20.220 Personen erneut an der Befragung teilgenommen. In der ersten FReDA Welle haben zusätzlich 7.213 Partner und Partnerinnen der Ankerpersonen an der Partnerbefragung teilgenommen.

Eine umfassende Darstellung über die methodologischen und konzeptionellen Grundlagen von FReDA bietet das Referenzpapier von Schneider et al. (2021).

The pyrolysis of a sludge produced in the waste water treatment plant of an oil refinery was studied in a pilot plant reactor provided with a system for condensation of semivolatile matter. The study comprises experiments at 350, 400, 470 and 530 °C in nitrogen atmosphere. Analysis of all the products obtained (gases, liquids and chars) are presented, with a thermogravimetric study of the char produced and analysis of main components of the liquid. In the temperature range studied, the composition of the gas fraction does not appreciably vary. In the liquids, the light hidrocarbon yield increases with increasing temperature, whereas the aromatic compounds diminish. The decomposition of the solid fraction has been analysed, finding a material that reacts rapidly with oxygen regardless of the conditions it is formed. ; TEP-6686 project funded by the Operational Program FEDER and FSE of Andalusia 2007-2013. Ministry of Education and Science (Spain): CTQ2008-05520. Valencian Community Government (Spain): PROMETEO/2009/043 and ACOMP2011/224.