Suchergebnisse

This article considers Viktor Turin's 1929 filmTurksibto be a "Red Western," or film that is indebted to an American cinematic, visual, and literary tradition in its production of a vision of a Soviet frontier.Turksibengages with a discourse offrontieroritythat proved central to the articulation of Soviet identity in the 1920s and early 1930s. Drawing from prerevolutionary cultural paradigms for Russian national and imperial growth, as well as from the key American myth of the train's role in vanquishing the frontier,Turksibis a film meant to realize notions of territorial largesse in an ideologically-acceptable manner—that is, to reconfigure the dominant imperialist-capitalist model of the frontier in socialist terms. A close study of Turin's film in comparison to its western counterpart, John Ford's early classic,The Iron Horse(1924), reveals the challenge of distinguishing industrialization and modernization in socialist and avowedly anti-imperial rather than capitalist and colonial terms.

Abstract This is an epidemiological study on violence against rural women, based on data from public safety in small and medium-sized municipalities in Rio Grande do Sul. The objective was to trace and analyze the geoepidemiological profile of these events from perspectives Sociological The idea is maintained that social inequalities limit or even impede the full exercise of citizenship, forming a factor of vulnerability. Violence becomes a health problem because it affects individual and collective health, demanding the formulation of public policies to deal with it. The results indicated increased rates of violence in cities with the worst socioeconomic indexes. It is considered that the implementation of health, employment, education and income policies can help in the fight against discrimination and victimization based on gender asymmetries.

The symbols and images projected through mass media shape and constrain an individual's understanding of and interaction with their environment. Across cultures, road signs employ seemingly universal, generic, human symbols. Cross-cultural variance does occur, however, in the degree to which such icons include characteristically masculine, feminine, and gender neutral features. This investigation, a full scale study of an earlier pilot, proposes the human symbol communicates culturally-relevant information. Specifically, this study consists of a content analysis, further refinement of a fluid visual gender scale, and correlation with social effects using a semiotic, social cognitive, and code theory theoretical framework.

This study was carried out to assess the characteristics of interpersonal communication competence among postgraduate students from different cultures at a Malaysian public university. This study applied the mixed methods research design with the participation of 130 postgraduate students from 18 different countries. The Interpersonal Competence Questionnaire (ICQ) was used as the main instrument of this study. Based on the results from this study, their interactions with their peers from different cultures helped the participants to improve the contact initiation, disclosure and conflict management skills of their interpersonal communication competence and gain some new personal and cultural skills and information. However, the participants were struggling to learn how to manage probable conflicts during their interactions with their peers from different cultures. The results from this study illustrate that the level of education variable affect interactions among individuals from different cultures in the Asian context of communication.

AbstractCommunication is an integral part of emergency response, and improving the information dissemination network for crisis communication can save time, resources, and lives. In a foreign animal disease (FAD) outbreak, timeliness of detection and response are critical. An outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease, a particularly significant FAD, could cripple the agriculture economy. This research uses communication data from a FAD response exercise in Kansas to develop a reliable crisis communication network model, contributing a general method for creating an information dissemination network from empirical communication data. We then introduce a simulated annealing heuristic that identifies an alternative network structure that minimizes the time for information to reach all response participants. The resultant network structure reduces overall information transmission time by almost 90% and reveals actionable observations for improving FAD response communication. We find that not only can a crisis communication network be improved significantly, but also that the quantitative results support qualitative observations from early in the data extraction process. This paper adds original methods to the literature and opens the door for future quantitative work in the area of crisis communication and emergency response.

This paper explores the impact of study abroad on the self-identity of Chinese doctoral students in the UK, with an emphasis on students' agency and identity through the lens of Giddens' (1991) reflexive project of the self'. Qualitative data comprising student perceptions and experiences of personal changes and development during their study abroad were collected through focus groups and semi-structured interviews involving 11 participants. Three inter-related themes emerged from thematic analysis: how the students constructed narratives which helped them to actively negotiate new sociocultural and academic fields; their growth in independence; and the perceived changes that took place in values and worldview. The findings demonstrate that study abroad provides students with an opportunity for self-transformation and identity expansion.

Resume L'image de politiques publiques uniformément imposées par les institutions internationales à des États africains extravertis et aux faibles capacités institutionnelles ne résiste pas à l'analyse. Si les paradigmes sont issus des prescriptions internationales, les transferts de politiques publiques passent par des processus complexes de réinterprétation et d'adoption sélective. Comparant les réformes des années 2000 sur deux secteurs contrastés et dans deux pays voisins, le Bénin et le Burkina Faso, cet article met au jour des processus contingents, ancrés dans une double histoire politique et institutionnelle, celle des pays et celle des secteurs d'action publique en leur sein. En particulier, l'historicité du secteur, la nature des enjeux politiques qu'il porte, l'existence de controverses au niveau international, et la forme des réseaux de politique publique expliquent le contraste entre les réformes du service de l'eau potable, qui reprennent largement les prescriptions internationales, et celles portant sur le foncier rural, dont la chronologie et les orientations politiques divergent fortement entre les deux pays.

SummaryThis article analyzes the role of government stewardship in the expansion of primary health care in post‐conflict Guatemala. By the time the Peace Accords were signed in 1996, the country's primary health care system was scarcely functioning with virtually no services available in rural indigenous areas. To address this gaping void/deficiency, the Ministry of Public Health and Social Assistance (MSPAS) embarked on a progressive expansion of primary services aimed at covering the majority of rural poor. Through a series of legal, policy, and program reforms up to 2014, the MSPAS dramatically expanded primary coverage and greatly improved basic health indicators for the entire population. To succeed in this effort, the MSPAS and its partners needed to simultaneously grow their stewardship capacity to oversee and develop the primary health system. On the basis of recent health systems strengthening literature, we propose a stewardship framework of 6 critical functions and use it to analyze the gains in government capacity that enabled the achievement of many of the country's primary health goals. Of the 6 stewardship functions, "building relationships, coalitions, and partnerships" especially with civil society organizations stands out as one of the keys to MSPAS success.

Engaging with external stakeholders is one of the most important elements of sustainable nonprofit existence, and nonprofits can enhance external stakeholder engagement through the astute use of their websites. Although industry norms for optimal website design provide insight into how specific website elements may be associated with website engagement, research on how these industry norms translate into users' behavioral engagement with nonprofits is scarce. Furthermore, research on how website design elements are associated with the depth of user engagement is lacking. The purpose of this research note is to explore the concept of nonprofit website engagement and to explain conceptually and practically what nonprofits can do to improve their websites' abilities to enhance deep and long‐term engagement among external stakeholders.

In recent years, there has been a deepening convergence between scholarship on global intellectual history and on legal history. To take just one example, a recent book on international law, by Arnulf Becker Lorca (2014), carries "global intellectual history" in its subtitle—a stance related to the author's emphasis on the constitutive role in the field of non-European legal actors. A sustained reflection on the convergence between legal studies and global intellectual history, however, still remains a desideratum, at least in the sense that we do not yet have even a basic platform where scholars with different space/time and (trans-) cultural specialization come together to reflect on how studying legal concepts gains from global intellectual history. This forum, which results from a conference organized at Heidelberg University in 2016, attempts a preliminary intervention here. The introductory remarks are not meant to be conclusive; they invite responses.