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From the 1960s to the 1990s, the Asian newly industrialize countries (NICs) received much attention because of their strong economic performance. Governments were credited for creating social stability & political quiescence that led to the economic success. This paper analyzes the citizens' economic & political support for governments & their policies during the Asian financial crisis & shows that there is a new social contract in Asia. Transparent governments attentive to citizens' concerns earned the economic & political support of their citizens, whereas governments that failed to provide such transparency & clarity lost their citizens' political & economic support which in turn aggravated the problems. The author concludes that citizens' will not support a reestablishment of authoritarian policy making. E. Sanchez

This paper examines the major ways in which the economic development model of Meiji Japan, 1868-1912, applies to contemporary Africa. The focus is on capital formation and technology policies that contributed to Meiji Japan's rapid industrial capitalist growth: self-directed strategies, technological borrowing, taking advantage of shifts in comparative advantage from the product cycle, educational policy, business assistance, financial institutions, transfer of agricultural savings to industry, low wages policy, industrial dualistic complementarity, and foreign-exchange rate policies conducive to export expansion. For each of these policies, the author analyzes the extent to which African countries can emulate Meiji Japan's approaches or whether changing circumstances require modification of the Japanese model.

This chapter focuses on the various dimensions of the controversy surrounding the use of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in India. The stances taken by farmers, the state, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), & multinational corporations are discussed. In addition, the role of these players in the transgenic seed arena & their attitudes regarding transgenic crops' potentional benefits (or costs) for the poor are examined. Protests against the introduction of transgenic seeds into India are reviewed, including several case studies of collaborative action against the transnational giant Monsanto. Finally, the author questions whether or not these groups actually represent the interests of farmers, & asks if biotechnology can truly ever be "pro-poor.". K. Hyatt Stewart

Ongoing efforts of legislatures and school boards across the country to mix religion and science forms focus of this essay. The current ascendance of religious conservatives insisting on an alternative to evolution being taught in schools in the form of intelligent design has resulted in draft legislation being introduced in ten US states. Author contends that there are First Amendment interests on both sides of the evolution-creationism debate and that a classroom, although essentially a place of learning, cannot be a venue for religious proselytizing. Essay concludes that even though evolution is on the school curriculum, it is often discouraged in the classroom out of fear of controversy, particularly in communities where fundamentalist religion predominates.

Knowledge mapping is a fundamental step in any knowledge management initiative and seeks to identify 'what an organization knows' in order to leverage it to greater advantage. This article explores a single knowledge mapping project conducted by the author for a local government authority from the perspective of a reflective practitioner. Using the tools of hermeneutic inquiry, it initiates and performs the project with as few preconceptions as possible, in order to identify a minimum set of actions and useful heuristics for the conduct of a knowledge mapping project. These are presented as a mini-methodology accompanied by insights, which may be of particular use to small or medium sized organisations.

What the author pretends in this work is to explain some reflections about the Basics of Law in the Administrative Career. Previously, writes a constitutional motivation. Also, examine the text of Legislative Decree No. 276, Basics of Law in the Administrative Career and public sector remunerations. Finally shows the necessary consequences of the normative analysis that is mentioned. ; Lo que pretende el autor mediante este trabajo es exponer algunas reflexiones sobre la Ley de Bases de la Carrera Administrativa. Previamente, escribe una motivación constitucional. Asimismo, examinar el texto del Decreto Legislativo N°276, Ley de Bases de la Carrera Administrativa y de remuneraciones del sector público. Por último señala las consecuencias necesarias del análisis normativo acotado.

The author considers the desirability & possibility of reducing the dominance of self-interested political actors in the redistricting process to argue that there are actually many factors that contribute to the ills of congressional elections. Analysis of redistricting in electoral districts distinguishes between the problems faced by single-member districts versus multiple-member districts. Historical congressional standards for equal population, protection of the will of the majority, contiguity & compactness are reviewed & placed in the context of redistricting procedures in the cases of Iowa, Washington, New Jersey, & Arizona. Lessons learned from commissions are delineated, & support the conclusion that the decline of competitive seats & the ideological polarization of parties indicate links among competition, partisanship, & redistricting. J. Harwell

The main objective of this paper is to analyze the role the Rio Group has played in Latin America as a coordinating mechanism for political consensus in the region over the past two decades, despite questions regarding its credibility & the unfavorable international scenario in which it functions today. In her article, the author studies the development of the Rio Group from its creation to the present day, emphasizing issues that continue to be important & are compulsory, as well as those which have changed over the years, such as the manner in which the Group approaches the theme of political stability within the consensus agenda. Adapted from the source document.

Принцип образовательного партнерства рассматривается в публикации как интегрирующий принцип управления инновационными процессами в системе дополнительного профессионального образования. Автором доказывается, что использование данного принципа направлено на совершенствование практики управления процессами развития в системе повышения квалификации и профессиональной переподготовки на партисипативной основе, дополняет принципы демократизации и гуманитаризации управления. ; In the article the principle of educational partnership is considered as an integrant principle in the area of innovative process management in the system of extra-curriculum professional training. The author proves that using this principle aims to improve the practice of developing management process in the system of professional development on participating basis that expands the principles of management democratization and humanization.

In the whole history of modern times India-USA relations were not much developed. It was a relationship of distant worlds and civilizations. After analyzing the basic features of the socio-political and economic situation in the present India, and its international position, the author indicates that from the end of the last century the relations between India and USA are characterized by a specific discovering of each other, approaching to each other and a significant development of mutual cooperation. Within the newly created post-cold world constellation and a new vision of international relations, both countries have found good reasons and substantial basis for potentially productive mutuality.

This essay addresses the main critique points of Arroyo, Cocks, & Sheth in their analysis of the authors original arguments on recognition. In regards to Arroyo's belief in the incompatibility of ontology & epistemology, it is important to understand that ontological concerns is a necessary component of epistemology of historically specific structures of power, which have historically committed failures of acknowledgement, as put in Bourdieu's terms. Secondly, Cocks' extension of the original recognition argument is greatly illuminating, & the author is in agreement with her arguments. Sheth's analysis is welcomed, yet both of her interpretations of politics appear to be ideological distortions that do not address the realistic relationship between the state institution & the citizens. Appendixes, References. G. Chen