Suchergebnisse

This book presents a new perspective on the importance of social sciences through various studies held by the authors. The contributors to this book are researchers in the departments of Archaeology, Ethnology and Folklore, History, Culture and Tourism Management of Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra.

1. Business and philanthropy -- 2. Two Rockefellers -- 3. Early philanthropic support of social science -- 4. Early Rockefeller support of social science -- 5. The Laura Spelman Rockefeller memorial -- 6. Research centres -- 7. Research fields -- 8. Research organizations and research boundaries -- 9. Preparing for the merger with the Rockefeller Foundation.

The social sciences make use of historical evidence for several purposes: testing general models, identifying trends, estimating values for certain quantities that were not explicitly measured in the past, & providing models that can be compared or contrasted with the present. Historians normally approach evidence skeptically, using methods comparable to those of lawyers; the branches of history closer to the social sciences emphasize other concerns, notably the generation of data by inference from indirect evidence, due to the impossibility of exhaustive study & proof. The social sciences have moved away from historical & evolutionary approaches to essentially static abstract models, but actual human life seldom meets the static assumptions of these approaches. A nonreductionist but evolutionary approach, exemplified by the methods of Karl Marx, offers a more productive synthesis of history & social science. Such an approach has the fundamental effect on the social sciences of introducing questions of change, dynamic interaction, & transformation; its use requires several levels of analysis, avoidance of excessive reductionism, analysis of complex interactions among distinct but interacting societies, & recognition that predictions apply only under certain conditions. Unlike the social sciences, history cannot select specific aspects of human life for separate study, but must synthesize human life into a totality; if this is done consciously, history can be a source of structure for the social sciences. W. H. Stoddard.

The elements of the opposition to a rational soc sci may be divided into 3 classes: (1) forces which belong to the past - racialism & religious obscurantism; (2) those explanations of society which rely on some single principle (Marxism or Freudianism), & are therefore opposed to reason; (3) those who suggest there can be no answer, because the soc sci's have achieved nothing & have gone on long enough to have achieved a great deal. The soc sci's might avoid much criticism by concentrating on field studies, but this would be an escape into the meaningless; an escape which is all too easy in this age of suspicion & conformity. A good shield against unreason today is the hope animating soc sci'ts of finding some Avilion of reason & justice. (IPSA).

Cover -- Half Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Preface -- Authors' Note -- Acknowledgments -- A -- AARP -- Abduction -- Abolitionism -- Abortion -- Abuse, Child -- Abuse, Spousal -- Accenting the Sign -- Act -- Act, Philosophy of -- Acton, Lord (1834-1902) -- Actor -- Adolescence -- Adorno, Theodor (1903-1969) -- Adventist Religious Groups -- Advertising -- Aesthetics -- Aesthetics (Socialist) -- Affect -- Age -- Aged, Immiseration of -- Age Grades -- Agency, Human -- Agitation -- Agnosticism -- Agrarian Society -- Agriculture -- Agriculture, Hydraulic Societies -- Agrippa -- Ahistoricism -- Algorithm -- Alienation -- Alienation, Assumptions of -- Alienation, Psychological -- Allegory -- Analogy -- Analysis -- Anarchy -- Androcentricism -- Animal Functions -- Anomia -- Anomie -- Anthropocentrism -- Anthropology -- Anthropomorphism -- Anti-Foundationalism -- Anti-Semitism -- Apathy -- Apollonian -- Apology -- Apple, and Temptation to Knowledge -- Appropriation -- Appropriation, Mechanisms of -- Aquinas, Thomas, St. (1225-1274) -- Archaeology -- Archetype -- Aristocracy -- Aristotle (384-322 B.C.E.) -- Art -- Artificial Intelligence -- Artificial Stupidity -- Asceticism -- Ascribed Status -- Ashby's Law of Requisite Variety -- Assimilation -- Atheism -- Attitude -- Attractor -- Attractor, Strange -- Augustine, St. (354-430) -- Author -- Authoritarianism -- Authoritarian Personality -- Authority -- Automation -- Autonomy -- Away(s) -- Axiology -- Axiom -- B -- Back Stage -- Bacon, Francis (1561-1626) -- Bakunin, Mikhail (1814-1876) -- Balance of Payments -- Balance of Trade -- Banditry, Social -- Barbarism -- Barthes, Roland (1915-1980) -- Base -- Baseball -- Base Communities -- Bastard -- Baudrillard, Jean (1929-) -- Beauvoir, Simone de (1908-1986) -- Behavior -- Behaviorism -- Behavior Modification -- Belief.

This book is about the conduct and contributions of applied social science. It represents the beginning of a new intellectual tradition in applied social science and its purpose is to foster an exchange among the variety of social scientists who are concerned with natural resource policy.

Statistics Norway and the Social Sciences

The National Social Science Documentation Center

There are five levels in social inquiry: ontology; epistemology; approaches; methodology; and methods, which we see as means of gathering information. There is no determinate relationship such that one school will consistently choose the same options all the way down. We can cross between what are often seen as competing world views at various of these levels. Natural sciences have not arrived at a unified field theory and there is no reason why social sciences have to do so.