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Excavations at one of the southern‐most sites of the Harappan Culture have revealed a large artificial basin adjacent to the settlement area. This has been interpreted to be a mooring station for merchant vessels and the settlement itself has been considered an entrepôt for trade with Mesopotamia. In this article, the author argues that there is little substantive support for either of these claims. The settlement in general and the basin in particular do not, in the author's view, appear to meet the requirements of a port. As an alternative, he suggests that the basin could have served as an irrigation tank for a moderately‐sized but still rural village.

AbstractA new method has been developed f o r solving the transportation problem. This method is a modification and a generalization of the method for solving the multiple assignment problem developed by Dr. A. J. Hoffman and Dr. H. M. Markowitz.This method is of interest for several reasons. In the first place it is significantly different from all other methods for solving the trans ‐portation problem known to the author. Secondly, it is moderately simple touse and understand. Thirdly, and perhaps most important, it has proved to be very adaptable tri high‐speed computer operations. It is now being used by several branches of the armed services.

Professor Dexter asserts that practitioners must learn to overcome the tendency to make only those observations and draw only those con clusions that can be pressed into simplistic and fashionable theoretical frames. He shows that the sociology of occupations is a perspective that is especially useful to practitioners, though largely ignored, and he urges that practitioners take up an interest in the now unfashionable but relevant area of political philosophy. Lewis A. Dexter, presently of the University of Maryland faculty, is co-author with R. Bauer and I. Pool of American Business and Public Policy which won the Woodrow Wilson Prize in 1963 for the best book in Political Science.

"Union Carbide Corporation Nuclear Division operating the Oak Ridge Gaseous Diffusion Plant, Oak Ridge Y-12 Plant, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, and Paducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant for the Atomic Energy Commission under U.S. government contract W-7405-eng-26." ; Y-1479 ; "This report is based on a study by the author as partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Industrial Engineering from the University of Tennessee." ; "Contract No. W-7405-eng-26 with the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission." ; "Date Issued: January 11, 1965 ; Report Number Y-1479 ; Engineering and Equipment ; TID-4500 (36th Edition)." ; "December 1, 1964." ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 102-103). ; Mode of access: Internet.

Consensus is a vague, but widely used concept in the study of political systems. It probably takes different forms in developed and newly-established countries. This study of local party officials in Morocco devises a quantitative index and shows that consensus decreases as the frame of reference becomes more immediate; national unity gets high agreement, party questions low: Do developed nations show less of a decrease on party questions? The author, who is with the Indiana University Department of Government, plans further research in North Africa and Pakistan on consensus, and invites comments aimed at improving this complicated area of comparative government studies. He thanks Karl Schuessler and Melvin De Fleur for their advice.

The public interest and tactical considerations require (and should require) a public official to control his friendships, though friendship as well as merit can and perhaps should be taken into consideration in political appointment. In general, the person in public life may find that he hears only one point of view from his friends; if he wishes to appear unbiased and be less biased he should deliberately include persons of divergent viewpoints among his acquaintances. The author finds a limited meaning in "guilt by association" and states his preferences. Dr. Dexter is an independent consultant and researcher in political science who has worked for both Republican and Democratic candidates; his address is 536 Pleasant St., Belmont, Mass.

The international labor movement, over a hundred years old, is embodied in the associations of trade unions and other labor organizations in dif ferent countries that are formed for mutual aid and joint action in matters of common interest. The history of the movement is sketched by the author. The International Confederation of Free Trade Unions, the International Federation of Christian Trade Unions, and the World Federation of Trade Unions are the three general organizations which are now active in the field, together with a number of International Trade Secretariats and regional organizations. The pro grams of work, organization, and financing of these various agencies are de scribed.—Ed.

Labor in Israel is mostly organized into the General Federation of Jewish Labor in Israel (Histadrut), a general union in membership and func tions. It includes all kinds of workers and their families and has trade union functions, mutual aid and social functions, and economic activities. It tries to satisfy all physical, cultural, and spiritual needs of its members. Its ideology is a synthesis of Zionist nationalism and socialism. The author describes the struc ture and organization of the Histadrut and considers what appear to be the basic problems facing the federation in its future development, problems arising from the very size and complex nature of the organization.—Ed.

Out of the confusion of the occupation period, a bipartite body, the Foundation of Labor, was constituted with representatives of top employers' as sociations and trade union federations. Wage questions are dealt with by a board, created by a government decree of 1945 ; the Foundation acts in an ad visory capacity and has great influence on policy. The author discusses the or ganization and powers of these agencies, their relation to the government, the objectives of trade union policy, and wage factors and wage movements. The stability of the wage structure in the Netherlands is credited in large measure to the great restraint and sense of responsibility shown by the unions.—Ed.

Floods are the most destructive of natural disasters; the 1951 floods in the Southwest caused property damage estimated at two and a half billion dollars. By comparison, all property and casualty insurance companies pay an nually for losses totaling about one billion dollars, or about twice the average annual cost of floods. Private insurance companies do not regard flood peril, therefore, as an insurable risk. The Federal Flood Insurance Act of 1956 is designed to fill this gap. It provides for the establishment of a program of in surance, reinsurance, and loans to assist persons to recover from loss due to de struction by floods. The author analyzes the act in some detail.—Ed.

A substantial body of literature has been written about the Senate, but Citadel performs a special role in, for the first time, portraying the Senate as an organic unit. The anecdotes and personal recollections liberally used by the author aptly illustrate the various broad principles and details he has fashioned into an image of a vital, living force in our nation's growth and development, the United States Senate. Those anxious to understand the operations of the Senate and to gain an insight into the complex interplay of personalities and forces that lie behind the usual surface view of this unique body will find what they seek in William S. White's Citadel.

The problem of our Indian pop is an old & continuing one. 2 alternative ways of dealing with it are outlined: (1) aims at quick & intensive attempts to break down the special status of Indians & integrate them into the mainstream of US life. These attempts are characterized as hasty, impatient, & often ill advised. Alternative (2) aims at maintaining Indian tribal integrity & special rights until such time as the Indians themselves are ready & willing to dispense with federal supervision & controls. The author pleads for the need to work calmly & thoughtfully toward a point where Indians are able to make a satisfactory adjustment to life in America without needing the prop of special status. AAAPSS.

This subject matter is not fully recognizable from the title, which might be understood to indicate that the book deals with the entire legal system of the United States including or, perhaps even emphasizing, the substantive law of the country and its sources. This is not the case, however. It is the sub-title which gives a more descriptive indication of the contents: "The Administration of Justice in the United States by Judicial, Administrative, Military, and Arbitral Tribunals." Not the substantive law of the United States is the concern of the author, but the machinery by which it is administered, the tribunals and their procedure.

An attempt to examine the 'situational dialectic' of the French Revolution in relation to the problem of shifting patterns of freedom and power in a period of crisis. Two currents in the 'situational dialectic' of the revolution, the psycho-social sequence and the institutional sequence, are examined. The psycho-social sequence consists of the organization and spread of opinion among the populace. The institutional sequence is the history of attempts at adjustment and reorganization made by the Court and the aristocracy. The author examines the relationships between these two processes which were fairly separate up to May 1789 when the psycho-social sequence became the revolution. E. Scott.

Until 1916, though much had been written about Labour's Wrongs and Labour's Remedy), nothing was known of the life of its author John Francis Bray, except that he was a journeyman printer in Leeds. In December of that year John Edwards published in the Socialist Review the results of research that he had made into Bray's career based on letters discovered in Leeds which had been written to Bray by his brothers. With these, he described Bray's life up to 1850 and discoveries of other letters by Alfred Mattison of Leeds brought the story up to 1854 which is the last date mentioned by Max Beer in his article on Bray in the Encyclopaedia of the Social Sciences.